• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

장시간 운전을 하는 동안 운전자는 외부상황을 계속해서 주시하고 경계하게 하므로 운전자에게는 정신적 부하로 작용하게 되며 이로 인해 발생하는 운전피로는 자동차 사고의 원인이 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 심박변동신호를 분석하여 운전시간의 증가에 따른 발생하는 운전피로도를 알아보았다. 심박변동신호의 분석방법에는 이전 연구들에서 널리 사용되어져 왔던 선형분석방법들과 함께 ApEn, Poincare Plot등을 이용한 비선형 분석방법들을 이용하였다. 3년 이상의 운전경력을 가진 5명의 실험자가 참가하였으며 모든 실험자는 4대의 승용차를 2번씩 운전하여 총 40회의 실험을 실시하였다. 운전구간은 고속도로 300km구간을 왕복해서 주행하도록 하였으며 약 3시간 정도가 소요되었다. 운전하는 동안 30분 간격으로 심전도 데이터를 측정하였다. 측정된 심전도 신호로부터 유도된 심박변동신호(HRV : heart rate variability)로부터 시간영역 변수, 주파수 영역변수, 비선형 특성 등을 구한다음, 안정 상태의 데이터라 비교하여 통계석 유의성을 살펴보았다. 분석결과 시간영역의 변수인 평균심박동수는 운전시간의 증가에 따라 계속적으로 감소하였으며 심박동율의 표준편차와 연속적인 RR간격의 차이는 90분 이후로는 일정 수준을 유지하였다. 주파수 영역에서 구한 L $F_{norm}$, LF/HF는 운전시간에 따라 증가함을 보였다. 비선형 특성을 알아보기 위해서 ApEn, Poincare plot을 이용하였는데 모두 시간에 따라 감소함을 나타내었다. 대부분의 변수에서 통계적 유의성은 1시간 이후부터 나타남을 볼 수 있었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.738-749
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• 2020

대통령 취임기념우표는 국가의 비전과 시대적 염원을 담은 가장 작은 역사적 상징물이다. 우표는 그 자체만으로는 이미지 집합체에 불과하지만 인물과 상징물을 통해 그 시대 최고지도자상의 의미를 내포하고 있다. 본 논문은 우표에 내포된 정치지도자 이미지를 구조적으로 해석하기 위해 대통령 취임기념우표를 광고나 선전물의 맥락으로 분류하여 광고의 유용한 방법론으로 여겨지는 '기호학' 이론을 도입하여 분석하였다. 사회·문화적 변화에 따라 대통령 취임 우표의 변화가 가장 특색 있게 두드러진 시기로 2000년대를 시간적 범위로 하였으며 노무현, 이명박, 박근혜, 문재인 대통령 취임 기념우표만을 연구대상으로 하였다. 이미지를 해석하기 위해 기호학적 구조를 제시하여 정치지도자 이미지의 의미를 재구성하였으며 이미지의 분석에서 주관적일 수 있는 정태적 접근이 아닌 사회적·문화적 의미의 포괄적인 해석과 접근을 통해 진정성의 개념에 부응할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 논문은 우표에 나타난 한국의 2000년대의 정치지도자 이미지가 민주주의 제도의 진화 속에서 이제는 정당이나 정치적 이념, 출신 지역 등 기존의 전통적인 정치적 요인에 좌지우지 되지 않고 시대상황과 사회현상에 따라 인물중심의 독립적이고 특색 있는 지도자라는 이미지의 특성을 도출하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.282-289
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• 2016

트릭스터는 고대부터 '속임수를 쓰는 자'라고 정의되어 왔다. 다시 말해 속임수를 통해 다른 인물과는 다른 자신만의 특징을 드러내고, 어떤 상황에서든지 그 상황을 자신에게 유리하게 만드는 능력을 가진 자라는 것이다. 본고는 기존 트릭스터 연구에서 논한 트릭스터의 기본 개념과 특징을 살펴보고, 탈춤에서 트릭스터 유형에 해당하는 말뚝이에 대해 알아보는 데 그 목적을 둔 연구이다. 트릭스터는 '속이는 자'이기는 하지만 성격이 애매하고 정상적이지 않으며, 경계성 또는 이중성, 다가치성의 특성을 가지고 있기 때문에 단순히 '속이는 자'로만 정의할 수 없다. 트릭스터의 특성을 말함에 있어 "경계성"은 중요한데 공간, 시간, 사회, 언어 등 모든 면의 경계에 존재하면서 속이고, 장난하고, 욕심을 채우면서 사회질서를 공격하는 특성을 가진 인물이기 때문이다. 탈춤에 등장하는 인물인 말뚝이는 신분은 천하지만 양반에게 거침없는 공격을 하는 인물이다. 이는 당시 삼정문란과 잦은 외침으로 양반의 무능력과 부도덕함을 느낀 민중들의 마음을 대변하는 대리자의 모습인 것이다. 말뚝이는 언어유희를 통해 양반을 조롱하고 비하하며, 자신의 행동이 가져올 결과를 두려워하지 않고 현재에 충실한 모습들을 보이는데 이는 트릭스터로서의 성격을 가진다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.567-575
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• 2001

구조해석에 사용되는 확률변수들의 통계적 특성들을 고려하기 위해 기존의 접근방법은 경험에 근거한 안전계수를 사용하여 구조물의 안전성을 평가하여왔다. 또한 실제 구조물들은 하중 재료적 특성 및 부재 치수들의 불확실량을 포함한 형태로 해석되어져 왔다. 그러나 구조 해석을 정확히 하기 위해서는 불확실량이 체계적으로 고려되어야 한다. 기존의 구조 설계 개념에 의한 방법으로는 구조물의 안전성을 정확히 파악할 수 없기 때문에 최근에는 확률이론에 근거한 신뢰성이론을 적용하여 구조물의 안전성을 판단하는 시도가 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존의 유한요소방법에 확률이론을 도입한 확률 유한요소법을 개발하였다. 이 연구에서는 3개의 한계상태방정식 즉 Von-Mises, Tresca, Mohr-Coulomb의 파괴조건 식들을 이용하여 개선된 1계2차모멘트방법에 의해 평면응력 구조물의 신뢰성을 평가하였다. 본 연구 결과의 검증은 Von-Mises의 항복기준으로 Monte Carlo Simulation 방법을 사용하였으며, 본 연구 결과의 파괴확률과는 1.2% 차이가 있었다. 본 연구의 장점은 Monte Carlo Simulation 방법에서 사용된 16만번의 반복계산을 PFEM은 3번으로 줄여 해석시간이 대단히 짧아진 것과 설계변수가 파괴확률에 미치는 영향을 알 수 있다는 것이다. 셀계변수가 파괴확률에 미치는 영향을 분석해 본 결과 가장 민감한 변수는 부재두께와 하중순이었다.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.259-271
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• 2019

채색 문화재 및 전통회화의 적색, 황색 안료로 사용되는 진사, 웅황, 그리고 자황의 광물학적 특성을 분석하고 촉진내후성 평가를 통한 안정성을 평가하였다. 진사는 시료명을 JB, JS로 하였고, 웅황과 자황은 각각 UH, JH로 하였다. 광물학적 특성 평가 결과 JB, JS는 cinnabar (HgS)로 주구성 광물이 확인되었고, 품위에 따른 화학성분에 차이를 보이지 않았다. UH와 JH는 각각 realgar (AsS), orpiment (As₂S₃)로 주구성 광물이 확인되었다. 편광현미경 관찰 결과 쪼개짐, 색상 등 편광학적 특성을 통해 모두 천연적으로 생성된 무기안료임을 알 수 있었다. 특히 진사의 경우 성분분석으로는 천연적으로 생성된 안료인지 인공안료인지 판별이 쉽지 않은데 편광현미경을 통해 천연안료가 가지는 입자특성 및 쪼개짐을 확인하였으며, 열적 반응 특성을 확인하였다. 열분석 결과 JH가 UH에 비해 유리전이 온도가 높고 안정한 것을 확인하였다. 촉진내후성 평가 결과 진사, 웅황 그리고 자황은 모두 광열화에 의한 색변화가 크게 나타나며, 진사는 최종적으로 흑색(blackening)되고 웅황과 자황은 밝은 노란색으로 변한다. Meta-cinnabar로 예상되는 JB가 cinnabar인 JS에 비해 흑화현상이 더 빨리 촉진되었으며, UH (realgar)는 광조사에 의해 arsenolite (As₂O₃)로 변하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2018

Last March, the world Go competition between AlphaGo, AI Go program developed by Google Deep Mind and professional Go player Lee Sedol has shown us that the 4th industrial revolution using AI has come close. Especially, there ar many system combined with AI hae been developing including program for researching legal information, system for expecting jurisdiction, and processing big data, there is saying that even AI legal person is ready for its appearance. As legal field is mostly based on text-based document, such characteristic makes it easier to adopt artificial intelligence technology. When a legal person receives a case, the first thing to do is searching for legal information and judical precedent, which is the one of the strength of AI. It is very difficult for a human being to utilize a flow of legal knowledge and figures by analyzing them but for AI, this is nothing but a simple job. The ability of AI searching for regulation, precedent, and literature related to legal issue is way over our expectation. AI is evaluated to be able to review 1 billion pages of legal document per second and many people agree that lot of legal job will be replaced by AI. Along with development of AI service, legal service is becoming more advanced and if it devotes to ethical solving of legal issues, which is the final goal, not only the legal field but also it will help to gain nation's trust. If nations start to trust the legal service, it would never be completely replaced by AI. What is more, if it keeps offering advanced, ethical, and quick legal service, value of law devoting to the society will increase and finally, will make contribution to the nation. In this time where we have to compete with AI, we should try hard to increase value of traditional legal service provided by human. In the future, priority of good legal person will be his/her ability to use AI. The only field left to human will be understanding and recovering emotion of human caused by legal problem, which cannot be done by AI's controlling function. Then, what would be the attitude of legal people in this period? It would be to learn the new technology and applying in the field rather than going against it, this will be the way to survive in this new AI period.

• 복식
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• 제38권
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• pp.83-100
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to figure out how stage costume of Peking Opera communicates what the character wants to inform to spectator. The stage costume means the clothing, shoes, headdress, accessory that the cast is worn for communicating personality of character. Stage costume not only reveals the character of new spirit who the director and the work is like to create, but also makes the style of play harmonizing with the atmosphere of the work. So, the stage costume in the play is a sort of symbol system that forms the depth of play. The stage costume of Peking Opera was formed on the basis of the Chinese traditional stage costume in the Qing period, however the style of stage costume was beautified the costume of Ming period and here contained the factors of successive costumes. But the stage costume of Peking Opera don't have the same rank system with real history costume and don't have demarcation according to period and history. Only it is that transformed and created the real history costume with Chinese fine view and made how they wear Chinese fine view and made how they wear the costume according to position, age, personality of character in the play. In the stage costume of Peking Opera, the color is cultural language that director can communicate to spectators and can inform spectator of sex, age, personality, position of the character. The color of the stage costume of Peking Opera reflects the principles of Yin and Yang and the five elements of the Chinese cosmogony. The pattern of decoration also makes the personality and characteristic of the character. The dragon pattern symbols the authority and majesty, so only the character of high position can use it. The pattern of tiger and leopard symbols bravery, so the military officer can use it. Civil officer decorates with the pattern of Japanese apricot, orchid, chrysanthmum, bamboo that symbols integrity and honor. The stage costume of Peking Opera communicates the identity of character with the special form of costume. Kanjien is a costume of the young priestess, Houyi is the Sunwukong'costume. Chayi is a costume of boatman. Lingzi, Sweixiu, Kaoqi is the props for the foramtive effect of stage costume, also they play an important part in expressing the emotion situation. In the result of study, we could know that the form, color, pattern of the stage costume and props of Peking Opera play important parts in communicating informations that let spectator can understand the play. So, the stage costume of Peking Opera is an‘picturizing costume’that the form, color, pattern of the stage costume is a sort of symbol system. It makes spectator feels actually the viewing Peking Opera.

• 복식
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• 제31권
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• pp.145-164
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• 1997

Cinema costume can stimulate the public to synchronize with and replicate what they see in the movies. Especially when the public thinks the stars in the movies . Especially when the public thinks the stars in the movies are beautiful or dramatic the styles of cinema costumes powerfully affect them. Thus cinema costume designers quickey become fashion designers. Edith Head who strongly believed cinema costumes to be an effective means of portraying the Character's personality and psychological make-up was an innovative designer whose costumes manifested this belief. She enhanced the character's individual image and distinction for the public through her artistic design in costumes. She adapted a realistic approach but her costumes invariably produced aesthetic ef-fects. Since the Academy Awards added the category of costume design she led the field with 35 nominations and eight oscars during 33 years of her productive work. Edith head was a dominant figure in costume design; her creations were highly renowned as an art form while they gained popularity. The purpose of this study was to reveal the ef-fects of Edith Head's cinema costume designs on fashion. This study was also to emphasize the powerful influence on ashion of cinema costume and cinema costume designers in general. The study was done through literature movies for which she created costumes fashion magazines and Edith Head's original sketches. The influence of Edith Head's costume de-sign on fashion is as follows: 1. She introduced and lead the casual fashion in the 1950's combining simplicity and sophistication. 2. She altered uniforms and reconstructed public clothing for multiple functions. 3. She rearranged high school prom dresses through the movie 'A Place in the Sun" to en-hance characteristic of each gender and the Dandy Look of the 1930's into men's apparel in the 1970's through the movie "The Sting" 4. She expanded the traditional style in the 1940's and became a leader in ecological style. 5. She adapted glitter from astronaut's ap-parel into public clothing. 6. She resturctured Sabrina Pants in the 1960's to accentuate the individuals strength by overcoming one's weakness without minimi-zing it's aesthetic appeal and reintroduced the pants in the 1990's. 7. She introduced elegant negligees to gen-eral public and maintained it in the public do-main. As it is revealed Edith Head's costume de-sign not only impacted the field of fashion dur-ing her time but also is presently influencing modern fashion throughout the world as it is witnessed by repeated reintroduction of her fashion styles. Reviewing her cinema costumes it is concluded that cinema costumes it is concluded that cinema costumes powerfully af-fect the public through a visual channel more than any other routes. Cinema costumes can become the origin of fashion by stimulating the public to synchronize with and replicate what they see in the movies. Since cinema costumes can launch fashion trend it requires further research. Based on what is revealed in this study. it would be beneficial to examine how cinema costumes affect people socially and culturally and how they could provide resources for re-search in fashion trends. It is also the writers opinion that there should be more designers such as Edith head who could lead the field of costume design into the twenty-first century.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.308-318
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• 2009

This study makes clear Huang Yuan-Yu(黃元御)'s medical thoughts Yi-philosophically. Yi-philosophy(易學) since ancient times is occupied by fundamental problems of various fields of Oriental Science. Confusian Medicine Reseachers of Zhang Jie-Bin(張介賓), Zhang Nan(章楠), Zhu Zhen-Heng(朱震亨) was seriously affected by Yi-philosophy(易學) and Confucianism(儒學). But I don't think that the majority of their medicine theories are occupied by Yi-philosophy(易學) and Confucianism(儒學). But Huang Yuan-Yu(黃元御) studied medicine thoughts on the basis of Tu Shu Yi(圖書易) in almost whole medicine theories and clinical contents. Therefore this study researched medical thinkings of Huang Yuan-Yu(黃元御) on Yi-philosophical medical viewpoint Tu Shu Yi(圖書易)-scientifically. Especially in this paper the author examined a characteristic point in medical thoughts of Huang Yuan-Yu(黃元御), the difference of existing medicine on Nei-Jing(內經) and Yi-medicine of Huang Yuan-Yu(黃元御), a commonness of medicine principles of Huang Yuan-Yu(黃元御) and Li Ji-Ma(李濟馬)), medicine theories of Huang Yuan-Yu(黃元御) on Tu Shu Yi(圖書易) and a background of Yi-philosophical medical standpoint. The results was summarized as follows; First, Huang Yuan-Yu(黃元御)'s standpoint on five phase is that the relation of earth and wood fire metal water is form and use(體用). Huang Yuan-Yu(黃元御) insists that the earth represents existence itself and wood fire metal water is concepts that represents actual states. Second, the concept of Four-Constitution of Huang Yuan-Yu(黃元御) and Li Ji-Ma(李濟馬) is same. Third, Huang Yuan-Yu(黃元御) doesn't have a standpoint of five-phase on Nei-Ching Medicine, but a standpoint of five-phase on Yi-philosophy. Fourth, water, fire, metal, wood is Four-Constitution that middle qi transformed. Fifth, the middle qi is yang-earth and yin-earth of the spleen and stomach, the physiological function of four viscera is maintained by the movement of ascending and descending of yin and yang earth. Sixth, The middle qi is main role of Four-Constitution. Exchanging of water and fire and the movement of ascending and descending of metal and wood depends on the earth. Seventh, generally medicine researchers speak that human mind is a main role of psycho-function of heart, but Huang Yuan-Yu has the standpoint of spleen-stomach oriented seven emotions not human-mind oriented viewpoint. It represents that a existing thinking of heart-earth center is changed to medical viewpoint of spleen-earth center. Eighth, There is enough ground for controversy on where is the middle point of human in five viscera. Is that spleen or heart? Huang Yuan-Yu(黃元御) insists that the spleen and stomach is middle point, but the standpoint in Four-Constitution medicine of Li Ji-Ma(李濟馬) is that middle point is heart.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2018

In order to evaluate the precision degree of the blocks on the dock, the shipyards recently started to use the point cloud approaches using the 3D scanners. However, they hesitate to use it due to the limited time, cost, and elaborative effects for the post-works. Although it is somewhat traditional instead, they have still used the electro-optical wave devices which have a characteristic of having less dense point set (usually 1 point per meter) around the contact section of two blocks. This paper tried to expand the usage of point sets. Our approach can estimate the rework time to weld between the Pre-Erected(PE) Block and Erected(ER) block as well as the precision of block construction. In detail, two algorithms were applied to increase the efficiency of estimation process. The first one is K-mean clustering algorithm which is used to separate only the related contact point set from others not related with welding sections. The second one is the Concave hull algorithm which also separates the inner point of the contact section used for the delayed outfitting and stiffeners section, and constructs the concave outline of contact section as the primary objects to estimate the rework time of welding. The main purpose of this paper is that the rework cost for welding is able to be obtained easily and precisely with the defective point set. The point set on the blocks' outline are challenging to get the approximated mathematical curves, owing to the lots of orthogonal parts and lack of number of point. To solve this problems we compared the Radial based function-Multi-Layer(RBF-ML) and Akima interpolation method. Collecting the proposed methods, the paper suggested the noble point matching method for minimizing the rework time of block-welding on the dock, differently the previous approach which had paid the attention of only the degree of accuracy.