• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.36-49
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• 2020

This study pertains to direction of exports direction of major agricultural commodities viz., rice, maize, bengal gram, chillies and cotton from India. In the ensuing next decade during 21st century, India is likely to witness changes in the export pattern of these commodities due to both internal and external constraints. One of the major internal constraints is mounting cost of production. Similarly, one of the most important external constraints include excessive subsidization by importing countries that makes Indian commodities less competitive in the international market. So, the important research question is to analyse the direction of exports of major agricultural commodities from India during post-WTO regime. The dynamic nature of trade pattern of the selected commodities was analyzed by employing the first order Markov process by examining gains and losses in respect of export shares of major Indian agricultural commodities to different countries. During the post-WTO regime, it was found that Saudi Arabia for rice, Bangladesh for maize, Pakistan for bengal gram, Malaysia for (dry) chillies, China, mainland for cotton are the loyal destinations for the commodities. The increasing demand for the selected commodities in countries like Saudi Arabia, Côte d'Ivoire for rice; Malaysia for maize; Pakistan and Algeria for Bengal gram; USA and Sri Lanka for (dry) chillies and Vietnam, Pakistan and Indonesia for cotton need to be explored for augmenting the exports. In order to achieve this goal, it is essential that consumer preferences in newer markets, market intelligence and impediments for augmenting exports need to be researched. It is also high time to analyze the export competitiveness of selected commodities across these importing countries.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.19-24
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• 2020

Artificial intelligence technology, which is the core of the 4th industrial revolution, is making intelligent judgments through deep learning techniques and machine learning that it is impossible to predict if it is applied to stock prediction beyond human capabilities. In US fund management companies, artificial intelligence is replacing the role of stock market analyst, and research in this field is actively underway. In this study, we use BLSTM to reduce errors that occur in unidirectional prediction of the existing LSTM method, reduce errors in predictions by predicting in both directions, and macroscopic indicators that affect stock prices, namely, economic growth rate, economic indicators, interest rate, analyze the trade balance, exchange rate, and volume of currency. To help stock investment by accurately predicting the target price of stocks by analyzing the PBR, BPS, and ROE of individual stocks after analyzing macro-indicators, and by analyzing the purchase and sale quantities of foreigners, institutions, pension funds, etc., which have the most influence on stock prices.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.54-63
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• 2021

Since the recent COVID-19 pandemic, countries have been strengthening trade protection for their security, and the importance of securing strategic materials, such as food, is drawing attention. In addition to the cultural aspects, the global preference for food produced in Korea is increasing because of the Korean Wave. Thus, the Korean food industry can be developed into a high-value-added export food industry. Currently, Korea has a low self-sufficiency rate for foodstuffs apart from rice. Korea also suffers from problems arising from population decline, aging, rapid climate change, and various animal and plant diseases. It is necessary to develop technologies that can overcome the production structures highly dependent on the outside world of food and foster them into export-type system industries. The global agricultural industry-related technologies are actively being modified via data accumulation, e.g., environmental data, production information, and distribution and consumption information in climate and production facilities, and by actively expanding the introduction of the latest information and communication technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence. However, long-term research and investment should precede the field of living organisms. Compared to other industries, it is necessary to overcome poor production and labor environment investment efficiency in the food industry with respect to the production cost, equipment postmanagement, development tailored to the eye level of field workers, and service models suitable for production facilities of various sizes. This paper discusses the flow of domestic and international technologies that form the core issues of the site centered on the 4th Industrial Revolution in the field of agriculture, livestock, and fisheries. It also explains the environmental awareness production technologies centered on sustainable intelligence platforms that link climate change responses, optimization of energy costs, and mass production for unmanned production, distribution, and consumption using the unstructured data obtained based on detection and growth measurement data.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.71-91
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• 2017

This purpose of this study is to examine how emotional intelligence has a moderating effect on the relationship between emotional labor and job burnout. To test the hypotheses, moderation analysis, mediation analysis and moderated mediation analysis were performed. Of the 1,500 self-report questionnaires distributed to franchise employees, 1,412 usable responses and utilized in the final analyses. The resoults show that emotional labor significantly affected job burnout, and job burnout completely mediated the effect of emotional labor on turnover intention. And emotional intelligence moderated the relationship between emotional labor and job burnout, suggesting that the emotional dissonance-job burnout relationship was stronger in the low emotional intelligence group than in the high emotional intelligence group. The results of this study provide some implications for Korean companies entering the Chinese franchise field. First, the mediating effects of "emotional labor → job burnout → turnover intention" and the effect of emotional labor on job burnout were mitigated by self-efficacy in Chinese franchise workers. And the self-efficacy of the employees was an important factor. The implication of this study is that self-efficacy, which is a controlling variable affecting emotional labor, job burnout, and turnover intention, is important, so Korean companies that enter the Chinese franchise employ employees with high self-efficacy and to develop and implement an employee education program that can enhance self-efficacy.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.29-40
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• 2000

Process planning (selection and ordering of processes) and material selection for product manufacturing are two key things determined before taking full-scale manufacturing. Knowledge on product design. material characteristics, processes, time and cost all-together are mutually related and should be considered concurrently. Due to the complexity of problem, human experts have got only one of the feasilbe solutions with their field knowledge and experiences. We propose a hierarchical expert system framework of knowledge representation and reasoning in order to overcome the complexity. Manufacturing processes have inherently hierarchical relationships, from top level processes to bottom level operation processes. Process plan of one level is posted in process blackboard and used for lower level process planning. Process information on blackboard is also used to adjust the process plan in order to resolve the dead-end or inconsistency situation during reasoning. Decision variables for process, material, tool, time and cost are represented as object frames, and their relationships are represented as constraints and rules. Constraints are for relationship among variables such as compatibility, numerical inequality etc. Rules are for causal relationships among variables to reflect human expert\`s knowledge such as process precedence. CRSP(Constraint and Rule Satisfaction Problem) approach is adopted in order to obtain solution to satisfy both constraints and rules. The trade-off procedure gives user chances to see the impact of change of important variables such as material, cost, time and helps to determine the preferred solution. We developed the prototype system using visual C++ MFC, UNIK, and UNlK-CRSP on PC.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.39-50
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• 2015

Genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are two excellent approaches to multimodal optimization problems. However, slow convergence or premature convergence readily occurs because of inappropriate and inflexible evolution. In this paper, a novel optimization algorithm with a flexible grid optimization (FGO) is suggested to provide adaptive trade-off between exploration and exploitation according to the specific objective function. Meanwhile, a uniform agents array with adaptive scale is distributed on the gird to speed up the calculation. In addition, a dominance centroid and a fitness center are proposed to efficiently determine the potential guides when the population size varies dynamically. Two types of subregion division strategies are designed to enhance evolutionary diversity and convergence, respectively. By examining the performance on four benchmark functions, FGO is found to be competitive with or even superior to several other popular algorithms in terms of both effectiveness and efficiency, tending to reach the global optimum earlier. Moreover, FGO is evaluated by applying it to a parameter decision in a least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) to verify its practical competence.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.193-201
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• 2014

In cognitive radio networks, the packet transmissions of the secondary users (SUs) can be interrupted randomly by the primary users (PUs). That is to say, the PU packets have preemptive priority over the SU packets. In order to enhance the quality of service (QoS) for the SUs, we propose a spectrum access strategy with an ${\alpha}$-Retry policy. A buffer is deployed for the SU packets. An interrupted SU packet will return to the buffer with probability ${\alpha}$ for later retrial, or leave the system with probability (1-${\alpha}$). For mathematical analysis, we build a preemptive priority queue and model the spectrum access strategy with an ${\alpha}$-Retry policy as a two-dimensional discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC).We give the transition probability matrix of the Markov chain and obtain the steady-state distribution. Accordingly, we derive the formulas for the blocked rate, the forced dropping rate, the throughput and the average delay of the SU packets. With numerical results, we show the influence of the retrial probability for the strategy proposed in this paper on different performance measures. Finally, based on the trade-off between different performance measures, we construct a cost function and optimize the retrial probabilities with respect to different system parameters by employing an iterative algorithm.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.5
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• pp.61-79
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• 2000

This research suggests the strategic adoption methodology of Customer Relationship Management. The backgrounds of CRM is the business environment changing that Market power is shifting to the customer who has unprecedented powers of choice today. The strategic adoption of Customer Relationship Management determines the value, needs and preferences of each customer or customer segment. Customer Relationship Strategy is an explicitly defined plan for how a company has decided to connect with, relate to, and focus on its chosen customers to create value. Deliberate decisions must be made, often involving trade-offs, so that investments are aligned with customer needs and value. Plan defined in terms of target customers value proposition, role in value delivery, and risk/reward sharing. All customers are not created equal; specific customers and/or customers segments are more desirable/valuable to pursue. Key premise of CRM is that value can be created by changing company's business model to better connect with customers. Area of service of Customer Relationship Management are as follows. Portfolio strategy, Market Opportunity Assessment, Brand Equity, Market Positioning, Pricing, Channel Strategy, Market Segmentation. Target Market Identification, Customer LifeTime Value Analysis, Customer Profitability, Customer Connections Economics Analysis. The objects of CRM are maximizing customer service effectiveness, improving customer loyalty, increasing customer service efficiency, optimizing intelligence about customer behaviors and preferences.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.47
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• pp.239-260
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• 2010

The purpose of this study would like to investigate the critical success factors of the e-procurement which means on-line purchase of goods and services for organizations. This action represents one of the largest expense items in a firm's cost structure. In order to draw CSFs of e-procurement system, we have surveyed questionnaire to the related firms. The basic variables used in this survey are taken from many precedent researches in relation to the e-procurement. On the other hand, the research data is collected from companies which had used the MRO e-marketplace. Through factor analysis of those data, four-factor resulted as follows: (1) factor one suggests the rationalization of the firm's management of its suppliers; (2) factor two calls for redesigning affected business processes and influencing end-user/employee procurement-related behaviors; (3) factor three refers to carefully orchestrating an e-procurement technology planning process with one's suppliers and using intelligence in designing the software and mining the data it produces; and (4) factor four relates to selecting an e-procurement solution and/or simultaneously participating in a number of electronic environments supporting e-procurement. In conclusion, these four factors are regarded as critical success factors for the application of e-procurement system and then suppliers should take care the effective planning of e-procurement structure.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.5C
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• pp.403-409
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• 2012

This paper proposes an energy efficient ECG monitoring system by putting some intelligence on the sensor node to reduce the number of transmissions. The sensor node is mostly put into the processing mode and just connects the base station when necessary. Therefore, the transmission energy is greatly reduced while the energy for processing is increased a little bit. Our proposed ECG analysis method classifies ECG cycles by computing the Euclidean distance between the sensed ECG cycle and the reference ECG cycle. This work is a detailed and full explanation of our former work. Extended experimental results show that the proposed trade is very effective in saving energy and the Euclidean distance based classification method is accurate. Furthermore, the PowerTOSSIM energy simulation method is also demonstrated as very accurate in evaluating the energy consumption of the sensor node in our application scenario.