• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2013

This study was carried out to contribute to the self-help and sustainability of grassroots business in Gangwon-do. To achieve this, after setting up the concept of community business, understanding the current designating status of community business and analyzing the business content and the business promotion system, I tried to analyze the continuing factors of businesses and shops, which are more than hundred years old, in Japan and seek a solution to the sustainability of community business in the province. The community business in the province, which is designated and operated, is like this; 86 preliminary social businesses, 62 town businesses, 38 social businesses. The total comes to 186. The preliminary social businesses and the social businesses are assigned more in urban area and the manufacturing sector and educational field have a lot of business contents. When it comes to the business promotion system, there are many incorporated companies and limited companies. While the town businesses are assigned more in county area, the agricultural food field and cultural world have a lot of business contents. When it comes to the main participant of business, the agricultural corporations took the first place overwhelmingly. Especially, I found out that the main participants of community business consist of 38 voluntary associations, which is 20.4 %, and we need to make up for the specialty deficiency in business management. In order to keep the continuity of community business in the province, we could achieve the results of manpower development through the case analysis research, securing good materials which can give the consumers confidence, increasing the quality of the products, maintaining high technical skills, keeping up the tradition of business and demanding forecasting. I think a successive research efforts will be required for securing good materials and increasing the quality of the products in tandem with the local community. And also we need to establish a supporting & operating system through the liaison between the business & academic world, business & administration, and business & business for securing a management specialty as an industrialist.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.115-126
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• 2004

Purpose: The aim of the study is to provide information about selecting school sites for new schools in congested urban areas and to propose a method to manage harmful environments around primary and secondary schools. Method: Four schools were selected around Gilum New Town and Ilsan City. The problems were identified by counting the businesses classified as harmful and prohibited in a school zone through surveying, collecting reports from relevant sources, and asking questions of authorities in school districts. Results: It was found that many harmful businesses prohibited by the Law of School Health were present in the safe zone of schools in both Ilsan city and Gilum New Town. The school site of Bohyun Elementary School was classified as poor because there was a steep ascent at the entrance and the school was surrounded by a dangerous, steep boundary. We suggested that an education and environment assessment system by completed before the school site was selected. Conclusion: There is a urgent need to improve the approval and permission process of harmful businesses as well as regulatory standards of school site selection in the light of the shortage of land.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.127-134
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to derive a model of urban regeneration business using idle facilities in the old city center. The scope of the study was set as empty houses and empty stores owned by private companies, and analyzed the 50 central city revitalization projects using idle facilities in 14 local cities in Japan. The results of this study are follows; First, as an urban regeneration strategy using idle facilities in the old town, it was a combination of other functions centering on commercial functions or introducing new functions required in the city center. Second, various financial supports have been provided to induce the utilization of idle facilities by the private sector, and different strategies have been implemented for businesses that need maintenance first. Third, based on the analysis results, it was possible to derive urban regeneration business model. Fourth, in order to operate smooth business, it is a need for an organization that is in charge of reviewing the consistency of upper-level planning and urban guiding functions such as urban revitalization plan, balance review of expenditure and revenues by cost subsidy and loan repayment, consultation among the business partners.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.491-510
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• 1997

The main purpose of this study is to analyse and explain the occupational pattems of Korean immigrants in Auckland, New Zealand, in order to understand how they are adapting to New Zealand society. We analysed the Korean telephone directory from 1992 to 1996 and listings of Korean businesses in the biweekly magazine 'Korea Town'. The bulk of Korean immigration started in 1991 when the New Zealand govemment opened up its immigration doors to non-Europeans. Clearly, recent Korean immigration has experienced exponential growth. The range of Korean's occupations has grown gradually compared to the growth of Korean immigration, from about 20 different kinds of occupations in 1992 to 55 in 1997. In 1992, there were only 37 korean businesses listed, but in 1997, there are about 636-a growth of over 1,600${\%}$. As we analysed all Korean businesses, we found that almost all Korean businesses and occupations have not penetrated the host society economy but reflect typical characteristics of ethnic businesses, in tems of capital, business operation, employees and customers being mainly Korean, Korean businesses are concentrated in the City Centre and North Shore. The concentration in North Shore reflects the concentration of Korean residents in this area, while Korean businesses in the City centre are mostly tourist industries(travel agencies, souvenir shops)and restaurants. The findings of this study closely reflect similar Westem studies on ethnic minority businesses. From this, we can conclude that Korean businesses at the moment reflect the initial stage of Korean communities in New Zealand.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.83-95
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• 2009

This paper provides a general overview and critical assessment of Daedeok Science Town (DST) in Korea, mainly through the lens of the related literature. DST symbolizes the government-led creation of a new science town and represents a bold attempt to consolidate national R&D efforts in a designated area with a view to supplying basic scientific knowledge to industries nationwide. It has achieved considerable success by improving the research environment and promoting venture spin-offs and network formation. However, while DST has played a pivotal role in ushering in the era of the knowledge-based economy, new measures are required for it to remain viable. To this end, efforts should be made to direct government support toward new firm establishment, finance, and tighter networking. DST also needs to host large corporations in the area as these could both act as a market for venture businesses and serve as providers of funds.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.155-187
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• 1999

The East Asian Region has experienced remarkable economic growth and transformation of interurban networking over the past three decades, and urban competiti veness for a networking hub in this region has become a critical issue confronting cities. Competitiveness of the Seoul capital region for a networking hub in Northeast Asia is outstripped by other competing cities in East Asia, notwithstanding its geo-politically and geo-economically advantageous location in this region. In this paper, we aim to appraise the Seoul capital region's competitiveness in terms of logistics distribution, financial function and logistics distribution, financial function and agglomeration of transnational corporations (especially of RHOs and other managerial functions), and to advance the networking strategies of the region for a Northeast Asia hyb. As a result of analysis, we suggest that the Seoul capital region be developed as a Northeast Asian center for regional headquarters or leading global corporations and financial services for being a strategic nodal point in Northeast Asia in the 21st century. A recent survey shows that where to locate an RHQ is influenced by various factors, such as potential market and manufacturing site in the city's hinterland, quality of life, such things as culture, health, safety, education, a well-educated, English-speaking population, reliable air transport, state-of-the-art communications, and an active policy to offer foreign companies generous incentives. The Seoul capital region, which is located at a strategic nodal point advantageous as a springboard for its Northeast Asian hinterland, cannot meet the other conditions mentioned above. To overcome these drawbacks in attracting transnational capital and to create competitiveness as a strategic hub of RHQs in Northeast Asia, it is urgent to initiate a structural reform of the Korean economy, politics, and overall society, to minimize the regulation of FDI, and to provide various incentives for foreign investment. Moreover, we propose the construction of an 'International Business Town' in the Seoul capital region, as a medium to intermediate these strategies and to shape them in a spatial scale. The projected 'International Business Town(IBT)' will be a 'free city' open to international business in which liberal economic activities are guaranteed by special legislation and administration, infrastructures needed for international and improved accessibility to the airport are furnished, and the preference of foreign high-income investors for cultural and living environment are satisfactorily met. IBT is conspicuously differentiated from a raft of other cities' incentives in that it combines deregulation and incentive programs to attract the investment of transnational capital, with a spatial program of offering an urban environment preferred by the high-income investors for cultural and living environment are satisfactorily met. IBT is conspicuously differentiated from a raft of other cities' incentives in that it combines deregulation and incentive programs to attract the investment of transnational capita, with a spatial program of offering an urban environment preferred by the high-income and managerial class. Furthermore, it can be an excellent way of overcoming the xenophobia that has spread among the Korean population by concentrating foreign businesses and their lifestyles in a specific foreign businesses and their lifestyles in a specific zone. In conclusion, 'International Business Town', in line with other legislative and administrative incentive programs, will function as a driving force to make the Seoul capital regional more competitive as a regional business hub in Northeast Asia.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.93-101
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• 2018

The area to be surveyed is the three-seat of Myeon office in Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, where population is declining. Satisfaction with the use of local residents of rural central areas providing life services in the back area was identified, focusing on sustainable development and the compact cities. Based on the results of the study, the recommendations are as follows. First, the local spaces to be surveyed need a shift to a walk-centered choice and social structure, not a must-oriented, activity-centric structure. This not only improves the neighborhood of rural areas, but also increases the frequency of pedestrian exchange and helps keep the community afloat. Second, it could enhance the convenience of residents by reviving stocks in existing commercial areas and integrating public services. Finally, it has the effect of taking care of the socially disadvantaged and immigrants in terms of space welfare, and securing jobs through locally customized community businesses.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.11-24
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• 2014

The expected launching countries are selected based on the state and strategy of businesses undertaking by LH, then the legal systems for urban development of those countries are investigated and analyzed to be used as basic data for advancing to oversea urban development. The results are showing as follows. First, on the basis of the advancing priority, and the level and obtaining possibility of legal system for urban developments, Bangladesh, Thailand, Dominican Republic, and Venezuela are selected to be investigated among the countries of Central and South America and Asia to where expected to be advanced. Second, most of the selected countries establish and promote the national housing policies by their own National Housing Authority. For example, First-Home Policy and National Housing Development Strategy, etc. are established in Thailand, and National Housing Authority takes charge of the housing development for low-income bracket. Third, the laws and project procedures are investigated, then compared to the similar laws of Korea. The common "Land Allocation Act" is legislate in Bangladesh and Thailand, for example, "Land Allocation Act" and "Town and City Planning Act" are enacted in Thailand. On the other hand, the laws for urban and housing developments vary from country to country those are located in Central and South America. Meanwhile, it is verified that "Act on Planning and Use of National Territory" of Korea is similar to the "Town and City Planning Act" of Thailand.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.235-246
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• 2001

The survey on the practice of the memorial ceremonial food in Chuncheon area showed it varied according to social position of officiator, location(inland or seaside town) , and personal condition. The study included the foods prepared for the memorial services on the memorial day. New Year's Day and Chusok. 1. 40.4% of the subjects were in the thirties at their age, 46.6% were high school graduates, 57.3% were the first daughter-in-law, 40.4% had no religion, 30.9% were working at public administration and earned less than 1 to 1,5 million won monthly. 2. 71.7% of the subjects who replied that the ancestor worship service had to be kept were Buddhists. 55.4% of them were high school graduates, and 58.8% of them ran independent businesses. They learned how to practice the ancestor worship service from their mother before marriage or from their parents-in-law after marriage. 3. The older the officiators, the better they wanted to keep the traditional format of the service, but the Christians and Catholics wanted to change the format to western style in the future. 4. 92.7% of them served cooked milled rice. They prepared the soup in the order of beef soup, radish soup and dried Alaskan pollack soup. 5. Among cooked vegetable dishes, bracken was used the most and balloonflower root, mung bean sprout and spinach followed. Among jeon(pan-fried foods). frozen Alaskan pollack was used the most and buckwheat, mung bean and meatball followed. 6. They served san-juk(beef kebab) mostly on the ceremony. Among the grilled foods, tofu was the favorite, and croaker followed. 7. Among the fried foods. squid was the favorite, and sweet-potato and shrimp followed. Among the dried foods. they used in the order of dried Alaskan pollack, dried beef and squid. 8. Among the rice cake and traditional confectionery, they used in the order of Yak-sik(sweet rice cake), Gang-jeong(fried glutinous rice cookie), Jeol-pyun and In-jeol-mee. Among a beverage, they served Sik-hye(fermented rice drink) mostly. 9. Among fruits, apples. jujube, chestnut and dried persimmon were served. Aong a liquor, Cheongju was served mostly. 10. Soy sauce, salt and salted fermented fish were served, too.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.5-12
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• 2008

The construction of Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital is a new construction of a medical town in Yangsan. It is a case that CMr participated in the project from planning to post-completion. It shows an actual proof of Construction Management business applied CM by each phase. In this case, CMr selected the design-build contractor in the planning phase and technically performed CM businesses in every single phase such as design and construction schedule management regarding application of Fast Track technique, procurement management and contract administration in phases based on the Fast-tract; technique, design review, VE in the design phase, change order management in the construction phase and operating and maintenance in the post-construction phase. This study would go far toward applying CM to Mega Turnkey projects by analyzing the problems of CMr's practical application to the project and providing guidelines for effective and efficient CM business implementation especially in the Turnkey projects.