• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1036-1040
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• 2009

Totem culture is a basic culture in all countries. A totem is any supposed entity that watches over or assists a group of people,such as a family,clan,or tribe.(Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary and Webster's New World College Dictionary, Fourth Edition).Totems support larger groups than an individual person. In kinship and descent,if the apical ancestor of a clan is nonhuman,it is called a totem. Normally this belief is accompanied by a totemic myth. And for the ages past,many totems for family. clan and tribe merged in one or two which comes to be a totem culture. We can know many things from the totem of our Ancestors.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.33-34
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• 2015

Totem-pole 역률 보상 회로는 스위치 body diode의 reverse-recovery 문제로 인해 전류 불연속 모드 혹은 임계 도통 모드로 동작 시키는 것이 일반적이다. 본 논문에서는 전류 연속 모드로 동작이 가능한 새로운 interleaved totem-pole 역률 보상 회로를 제안한다. 제안하는 interleaved totem-pole 역률 보상 회로는 각 스위치 leg 사이에 보조 인덕터를 연결함으로써 스위칭 시에 body diode에 흐르는 전류를 없애 전류 연속모드로 동작이 가능하다. 또한 보조 인덕터로 인해 스위치의 영 전압 스위칭도 가능하게 된다. 제안하는 interleaved totem-pole 역률 보상 회로는 시뮬레이션을 통하여 검증하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2018.07a
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• pp.189-191
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• 2018

This paper introduces a novel ZVS interleaved totem-pole PFC with the reduced circulating current and the reverse recovery current of the diodes. With the help of a simple auxiliary inductor, both ZVS turn-on of the main switches and soft turn-off of the body diodes can be achieved. In the proposed totem-pole PFC topology since the switching losses and the reverse recovery losses can be significantly reduced, the typical Si MOSFETs can be employed. In addition the circulating current is reduced by adjusting the switching frequency. The proposed PFC topology can be a low cost solution to achieve high efficiency in high power PFC applications. The validity and the feasibility of the proposed topology is verified by the experimental results with a 3.3kW interleaved totem-pole PFC converter.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.108-113
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• 2021

In this paper, a totem pole PFC was structured in two methods with FET and diode for low-speed switch while GaN FET was used for high-speed switch. Internal power loss, power conversion efficiency and steady-state characteristics of the two methods were compared in the totem pole bridgeless PFC circuit which is widely applied in large-capacity and high-efficiency switching rectifier of 500W or more. In order to compare and confirm the steady-state characteristics under equal conditions, a 2kW class totem pole bridgeless PFC was constructed and the experimental results were analyzed. From the experimental results, it was confirmed that the low-speed switch operation has a large difference in efficiency due to the internal conduction loss of the low-speed switch at a low input voltage. Especially, input power factor and load characteristic showed no difference regardless of the low-speed switch operation.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.278-287
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• 2019

In this study, a zero-crossing spike current issue in a totem-pole bridgeless power factor correction (PFC) converter is comprehensively investigated for the first time. Spike current occurs when input voltage crosses zero, becomes a noise source, and causes severe common mode emission issues. A generation mechanism for electromagnetic interference (EMI) is presented to investigate the EMI problem caused by zero-crossing issue, and a noise spectrum due to this issue is predicted by a theoretical analysis based on the Fourier coefficient of an approximate spike current waveform. Furthermore, a noise reduction method is proposed and then improved to reduce the spike current. Experimental measurements are implemented on a GaN-based totem-pole bridgeless PFC converter, and the spike current can be effectively suppressed through the proposed method. Furthermore, the noise spectrums measured without and with the reduced zero-crossing spike current are compared. Experimental results validate the analysis of the noise spectrum caused by the zero-crossing spike current issue.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.22-27
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• 2020

In this paper, a generalized efficiency equation was proposed to estimate the internal loss of the SMPS (switched-mode power supply) with 3 variables. The first variable was an internal loss not related to the load current such as auxiliary power, the second was a loss proportional to the current such as diode loss, and the third was a loss proportional to square of the current such as conduction loss. Especially, theoretical internal losses of the totem pole bridgeless PFC which is widely used for high efficiency SMPS were expressed as output function to compare generalized efficiency equation. In addition, in order to reduce the conduction loss of the switch, when a multiple switch were paralleled, the correlation with the efficiency was analyzed and shown as a graph. In order to confirm the degree of the parallel switch structure on the efficiency improvement, a 2kW class totem pole bridgeless PFC was constructed and the effectiveness of the analysis was confirmed by comparing the generalized efficiency equation and theoretical loss analysis results with experimental data.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.214-222
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• 2015

The superiority of gallium nitride FET (GaN FET) over silicon MOSFET is examined in this paper. One of the outstanding features of GaN FET is low reverse-recovery charge, which enables continuous conduction mode operation of totem-pole bridgeless boost power factor correction (PFC) circuit. Among many bridgeless topologies, totem-pole bridgeless shows high efficiency and low conducted electromagnetic interference performance, with low cost and simple control scheme. The operation principle, control scheme, and circuit implementation of the proposed topology are provided. The converter is driven in two-module interleaved topology to operate at a power level of 5.5 kW, whereas phase-shedding control is adopted for light load efficiency improvement. Negative bias circuit is used in gate drivers to avoid the shoot-through induced by high speed switching. The superiority of GaN FET is verified by constructing a 5.5 kW prototype of two-module interleaved totem-pole bridgeless boost PFC converter. The experiment results show the highest efficiency of 98.7% at 1.6 kW load and an efficiency of 97.7% at the rated load.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.147-149
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 LED드라이버의 지속적인 과제인 고역률, 효율개선 및 장수명화를 위한 연구를 진행하였다. 전체적인 토폴로지는 역률개선 및 출력전류제어의 성능을 자세히 관찰하기 위하여 투 스테이지 토폴로지를 선정하였으며, 1차측은 고 효율을 위하여 Bridgeless타입의 Totem-Pole bridgeless rectifier를 선정하였으며, 2차측은 LED드라이버의 수명을 좌우하는 DC 커패시턴스를 줄이기 위한 전류제어를 하기 위하여 Flyback DC-DC컨버터 토폴로지를 적용하였다. 일반적인 투 스테이지 토폴로지와 본 논문에서 제안한 토폴로지의 시뮬레이션 및 실험을 통하여 성능적인 분석을 통하여 LED드라이버의 효율증대 및 수명증가에 대한 내용을 다루었다.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.510-516
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• 2017

This paper proposes a single-stage interleaved totem-pole on-board battery charger with a simple structure and a reduced component count. Apart from achieving ZVS turn-on of all switches and ZCS turn-off of all diodes, this charger does not require an input filter due to its CCM operation and bulky electrolytic capacitors, which in turn result in a high power density. A single-stage power conversion technique is applied to the interleaved structure in order to achieve a high power density and high efficiency. A 2.5 kW prototype of the proposed charger is also built and tested to validate the proposed operation.

• KIPE Magazine
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.28-31
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• 2021