• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.343-355
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• 2009

To elucidate the effect of a 4 week dietary supplementation with pumpkin water extract on serum lipid and fasting glucose levels, 41 female collegians residing in the Gyeonggi area were recruited. The subjects were divided into three groups: placebo-control (PC, n=11), treatment A (TA, 100 ml/day, n=13), and treatment B (TB, 300 ml/day, n=17). Total serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and fasting glucose were analyzed. The average age, height, weight, and body mass index of the subjects were 21.3 years, 161.1 cm, 53.0 kg, and 20.4 $kg/m^2$, respectively. The average total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, TG, and fasting glucose level (mg/dl) were 171.4${\pm}$26.1, 63.5${\pm}$11.4, 92.6${\pm}$22.9, 76.8${\pm}$32.0, and 89.1${\pm}$8.2, respectively. There were no significant differences among the three groups in any measured parameters, and between the pre- and post-study values of the all parameters. The results indicated that the 4 week pumpkin water extract supplementation (100 ml, 300 ml) did not influence the serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, TG and fasting glucose level in female collegians.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.137-143
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• 1989

This study was attempted to investigate the effect of Tricholoma matsutake on experimentally induced hyperlipemia in rats. The levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid were measured. Diagnostic attention has been paid to the cholesterol concentration associated with high density lipoprotein (HDL), which appears to be inversely related to the incidence of coronary artery disease. For these reasons, determination of HDL-cholesterol has significant meaning. Total cholesterol was determined by Abell-Kindall method, and to measure HDL-cholesterol, serum low density lipoproteins (LDL) were first selectively precipitated by HDL-precipitating reagent. The results obtained were as follows : 1) The level of total cholesterol in serum of hyperlipemic rats was decreased by oral administration of Tricholoma matsutake extract. 2) The level of HDL-cholesterol was increased by the mushroom extract. 3) The level of triglyceride was significantly decreased by the mushroom extract. 4) The level of phospholipid was slightly decreased by the mushroom extract.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.93-106
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• 1998

This study was designed to find out the effects on the lipid metabolism of two herbs used in folk treatment in Korea The two herbs were A: Equisetum arvense L. (Seddugi), B: Eunymus alatus Siebold (Hwasalnamoo). The experiment was performed with the male rats of Sprague-Dawley which fed on high calorie and animal fat supplemented diets from which 30% of the total calories can from lard. Experimental groups were divided into standard (ST) and two other(A, B) groups for the each herb. Each of the two experimental groups consisted of three subgroups (I, II, III) according to the three different doses of the folk remedy used, which were five times and ten times the dose commonly used in a folk remedy. During the experimental period, total food intake and body weight gains were measured, and FER, CER, PER were calculated at the same times. Serum levels of triglyceride, total lipid, ttal cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and total lipid as well as cholesterol contents of the liver were measured at the time of sacrifice. Epididymal fat pads were weighted and an indes was calculated. The results of the effects on the lipid metabolism were as follows : 1.Total food intake and body weight gains increased in group A & B. 2. The serum levels of the total lipid and triglyceride decreased in AIII, BI and BIII.3. The serum level of cholesterol decreased in group B, while level of HDL-Cholesterol were increased in all groups and most effectively in group B. 4. The contents of total liver lipid increased in groups A&B. cholesterol decreased in groups A&B. In conclusion, effects on the lipid metabolism associated with the kinds of herbs a diet were the increase of body weighta and the decrease of total lipid and cholesterol levels in serum and liver.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.212-218
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• 1995

A human hepatoma cell line, hep G2, was used to investigate the mechanism of serum cholesterol reduction by ginseng total saponin, ginsenoside-$Rb_1$, - $Rb_2$, and non-saponin fraction (ether extraction). Hep G2 cells were incubated in 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of cholesterol containing serum free-RPMl1640 medium with various concentration of ginseng components. The amounts of cholesterol in Hep G2 cells were decreased to maximum 51% in total saponin or two ginsenoside-treated groups while there was 137% increase in cholesterol level of control group as compared with that of normal group. Nonsaponin groups did not show the same effect. In order to elucidate the observed changes in the amount of cholesterol, the activity of amyl CoA : cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) in groups showing remarkable reduction in cholesterol amount, i.e., total saponin 10-6%, ginsenoside-$Rb_1$ $10^{-4}$%, ginsenoside-$Rb_2$, $10^{-4}$%, and non-saponin fraction $10^{-4}$%, was assayed using [1-$^{-14}C$%]oleic acid as enzyme substrate. The activity of ACAT was increased in all groups tested as compared with that of control group except for non-saponin group cultured in water soluble cholesterol containing medium. The serum cholesterol lowering effects of ginseng components can partially be attributed to the increased hepatocellular ACAT activity.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.56-60
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• 2003

TCDD, one of the notorious toxic environmental pollutants, damages various organs including liver and is regarded as an endocrine disrupter. To investigate the effects of Houttuynia cordata Thunb (HCT) on the biochemical parameters of function, liver and serum of TCDD-treated rats were used. Seven days after the injection of TCDD (1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg), HCT (200 mg/kg) was administered to rats on every other day for four weeks. The lipidperoxide activity was examined by measuring the level of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, total lipid and triglyceride (TG) in serum, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue of rats. Result showed that lipidperoxidation was inhibited In the significant level when 2,3,7,8-TCDD-damaged rats were treated with HCT.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.296-304
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• 1998

The effects of common Korean dietary fiber-rich foods(dried sea mustard, Lentinus edodes and Korean radish leaves) on total gut transit time of diet, serum cholesterol level and mineral apparent absorption ration and tissue level were investigated. Twenty eight male were divided into 4 groups and were fed a control diet(containing 2% cellulose) and three fiber supplementary diet mixed with 10% of the above dietary fiber rich foods for 4 weeks, respectively. Body weight gain and food efficiency ration were not affected by the supplementary diet of fiber but the total gut transit time of diet was shortened in all dietary fiber groups. The Lentinus edodes reduced significantly serum total cholesterol and increased the HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio at 4th week without and effect on calcium and iron apparent absorptions and tissue levels of the minerals. Radish leaves decreased significantly iron apparent absorption ration with a tendency to increase iron retention in spleen and did not alter serum cholesterol level. Serum cholesterol concentration and calcium and iron apparent absorptions were not significantly altered by the ingestion of sea mustard, while it had more soluble dietary fiber than mushroom and radish leaves.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.78-99
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• 2000

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of pine oil on the body weight and lipid levels of serum in rats fed high cholesterol diet and high fat diet, Body weight, weight of various organs, and feeding efficiency ratio were measured to study the effect of pine oil on obesty at 4 weeks after an oral administration, Total cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipid, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were also analysed to identify the ameliorating effect of pine oil on lipid metabolism in serum of same rats, The results were summerized as follows; 1. The increase in body weight and feeding efficiency ratio induced by choleserol diet was less in pine oil treated rats, Furthermore, decrease in weight of liver, kidney, spleen, testis, and epididymis were observed in pine oil treated rats. 2, Associated with the decrease in body weight, there was a concomitant reduction in serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and total lipid in rats fed high cholesterol diet and high fat diet. respectively, after an oral administration of pine oil. 3. Serum levels of LDL-cholesterol was significantly decrease after an oral administration of pine oil in rats fed high fat diet. These results suggest that pine oil can ameliorate obesity and lipid metabolism in serum.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.681-684
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• 2002

This study was undertaken to investigate the hypocholesterolemic activity of Bifidobacteria (B. breve K-110, B. breve K-111, and B. infantis K-525) isolated from a healthy Korean. The administration of B. breve K-110 and K-111 with a high cholesterol diet significantly protected the increase of serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol relative to that of a high cholesterol diet alone. Such a diet supplemented with 0.5％ B. breve K-111 decreased serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol to 57 and 55％, respectively. The administration of Bifidobacteria also significantly inhibited the lipid-deposited surface in the aorta. The normalizing activity of serum cholesterol level in cholesterolemic rats was accelerated by Bifidobacteria. The normalizing activity of B. breve K-111 on serum cholesterol level was superior to that of B. breve K-110. These results suggest that Bifidobacteria in the human intestine playa role in the prophylactics of arteriosclerosis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.351-355
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• 2023

Background: Wet cupping (WC) is an efficient and cost-effective technique for removing metabolic waste from the bloodstream via the skin. The study aimed to examine the effect of WC on cholesterol levels including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in a Sudanese population. Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 30 participants undergoing regular WC therapy were enrolled. Blood samples collected twice: pre-WC therapy (case group) and 10-14 days afterward (controls). Results: Of the participants, 56.67% were male and 43.33% were female, aged 24-69. Pre-WC TC and LDL-C levels were significantly higher than the post-WC control group (p = 0.001). Conversely, HDL-C levels decreased significantly in the pre-WC cases compared to controls (p = 0.001). No significant sex-based difference in mean cholesterol levels (p > 0.05). Conclusions: After WC, males and females experienced significant reductions in TC and LDL-C, and significant increase in HDL-C.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.771-781
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• 1995

The present study was aimed to examine various factors related to serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, atherogenic index, lipoperoxides and vitamin E in 174 middle-aged men residing in Taegu. Body mass index was positively correlated with serum triglyceride, and waist-hip circumference ratio was positively correlated with serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, atherogenic index and vitamin E concentration. Total cholesterol, triglyceride and atherogenic index of the subjects who smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day were significantly higher than those with smoking less or non-smokers. drinking alcohol more than 5 times per week showed higher atherogenic index than drinking less frequently of non-drinking. Subjects doing exercise had higher HDL-cholesterol level than those with no exercise. The intakes of all nutrients were above 90% of RDA and the subjects with good food habit had lower of total cholesterol, triglyceride, atherogenic index and lipoperoxides. The study indicates that avoiding heavy smoking and drinking as well as obesity and keeping regular exercise, good food habit and diversity of foods will reduce risk of cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged men.