• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.274-280
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological activities of cultivated Angelica gigas Nakai (CAG) and wild Angelica gigas Nakai (WAG) extracts prepared by extraction with water, 30% ethanol, 60% ethanol, or 90% ethanol. The electron donating ability of the WAG extracts was higher than that of the CAG extracts and 0.1% and 1.0% solutions of the comparative substance, L-ascorbic acid. The superoxide dismutase-like activity of the CAG extracts was higher than that of WAG extracts. Superoxide dismutase-like activity was highest (33.95%) in the CAG water extract. The total polyphenol content was highest in the 60% ethanol extracts of WAG. The nitrite scavenging ability of the CAG and WAG extracts was highest at a pH of 1.2. The tyrosinase inhibitory effect was highest (43.72%) in the water extract of WAG. The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity was highest (83.84%) in the 60% ethanol extract of WAG. The results of the present study will be useful for understanding the antioxidant and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of Angelica gigas Nakai extracts.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1576-1580
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• 2007

Aralia cordata Thunb. (Araliaceae, ACT) is an remarkable herbal plant that has been widely used in traditional oriental medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cardiovascular disorders. In this study, we have established a vascular aging model in rats by orally administrating excessive vitamin $D_2$ (500,000 IU/kg/day) for 4 days followed by feeding high cholesterol diet for 16 weeks and then rats were randomly divided into control group, high cholesterol diet (HCD) group, HCD+ACT (30 mg/kg) and HCD+ACT (60 mg/kg) group. ACT (30, 60) significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC) content compared with HCD, but no significant differences in the serum lipids. Secondly, we measured the serum levels of Oxidized Low-dencity Lipoprotein (OxLDL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in order to further investigate the anti-vascular aging mechanism of ACT. The results, ACT (30, 60) treatments decreased OxLDL, MDA　content　and increased Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase activity compared with HCD treatments. The results suggested that ACT inhibited OxLDL production rather than serum lipids lowering and that ACT could be used as potential anti-atherosclerotic agent in aged cells.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 1999

미나리는 간을 보호하며 간질환을 예방, 치유하는 효능이 있는 기능성식물로 인식되어 민간요법에 널리애용되고 있다. 그래서 알콜을 렛트와 마우스에 처리하여 만성, 아급성, 급성중독을 유도하고 밭미나리 발효액과 추출물 그리고 물미나리추출물의 효과를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 렛트와 마우스에 에탄올을 2일동안 투여한결과 total cholesterol과 total glyceride의 수치가 증가되었으며 20일동안 밭미나리발효액과 추출물 그리고 물미나리추출물을 투여한후 에탄올을 2일동안 급여한균에서는 total cholesterol과 total glyceride의 감소 효과가 있었으나 처리간의 유의성은 인정되지않았다. 그러나 실험동물의 혈청중에 알콜에의해서 높아졌던 alanine aminotransferase 와 asparate aminotransferase는 밭미나리발효액 과 추출물에 의해서 감소되었으며 밭미나리발효액투여군에서 가장 많이 감소되어 처리간에 유의성이 인정되었다. 렛트에 10%에탄올을 10개월간 투여하여 만성알콜중독을 유발시킨다음 5일동안 물만 급여한군과 밭미나리발효액을 투여한군을 비교한바 total cholesterol은 40%, total glyceride는 60%의 감소효과가 있었으며 alanine aminotransferase 와 asparate aminotrasferase는 87.2%와 91.7%를 감소시켜 정상에 가깝게 회복시키는효과가 인정되었다. alkaline phosphatase, catalase, superoxide dismutase 및 glutathione peroxidase의 활성은 알콜의 처리에 의해서 급만성모두 유의적인 변동을 나타냈으며 밭미나리 발효액의 처리에 의해서 alkaline phosphatase와 superoxide dismutase의 활성에 특히 유의적인 감소를 가져왔다. 이와같은 결과는 물미나리보다 밭미나리발효액이 알콜성 간질환에 효능이있음을 시 사하는것이라 하겠다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.277-285
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• 2020

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the effects of supplementing sesame seed meal (SSM) with phytase and lysine on performance, egg quality, blood biochemical and antioxidant status of laying hens. Methods: A total of 960, 56-wk-old laying hens were divided into 12 dietary groups with eight replicates per group (10 birds per replicate). A completely randomized design with factorial arrangement 2×3×2 consisted of two levels of lysine supplement (0% and 10% over requirement), three SSM levels (0%, 10%, and 20%) with or without phytase (0 and 300 g/ton). The feeding trial lasted 10 weeks. Results: Birds fed diets with 10% SSM had higher feed intake than groups fed 0% and 20% SSM. The addition of phytase to experimental feeds, improved feed conversion ratio, increased egg weight and mass (p<0.01). Egg quality criteria was not affected by supplementing phytase; however, supplementing 300 g/ton phytase to hens diet, led to a significant (p<0.05) increase in egg shell strength. Egg yolk cholesterol and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic index and total cholesterol were decreased (p<0.01) by diet containing 20% SSM. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased (p<0.05) in serum of hens fed 20% SSM than the other groups. It was also observed that total antioxidant capacity and total superoxide dismutase content of hens fed 20% SSM was significantly higher than control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: As from results, dietary supplementation of SSM and phytase had no negative effects on laying hens performance or egg quality while improving the egg oxidative stability.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.732-739
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• 2006

볶음처리한 새송이버섯의 마이크로웨이브 추출조건, 즉 에탄올 농도, 추출시간 및 마이크로웨이브 power에 따른 품질특성을 살펴보았다. 총 페놀성 화합물 함량, 전자공여능 및 pH 1.2에서의 아질산염소거능은 50% 에탄올로 추출한 경우 높게 나타났다. SOD 유사활성은 75% 에탄을 농도로 추출하였을때 가장 높은 활성을 나타났다. 가용성 고형분 및 총 페놀성 화합물 함량은 추출시간이 증가할수록 증가하다가 7분일 때 가장 높게 나타났으며, 전자공여능은 추출시간이 증가할수록 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며, SOD유사활성 및 아질산염소거능의 경우추출시간에 따른 유의적인 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 마이크로웨이브 power 의 경우 100 W로 추출하였을 때 가용성 고형분, 총 페놀성화합물 함량 및 전자공여능 가장 높게 나타났다. SOD 유사 활성은 25 W일 때 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 그러나 아질산염 소거능은 마이크로웨이브 power에 영향을 많이 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.137-149
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the effets of hesperidin extracted from tangerine peel on Cadmium (Cd) and lipid metabolism lipid peroxide formation, and antioxidative enzyme activities in rats. Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 158.3$\pm$3.5g were blocked into eight groups according to body weight. Rats were raised for three weeks with diets containing 0 or 0.04%(w/w) cadmium chloride and 1%(w/w) extracted hesperidin from tangerine peel, commercial hesperidin or naringin. Food intake, weight gain and food efficiency ratio were significantly lower in the Cd-administered groups. The Cd concentrations in blood and liver and the Cd excretions in urine and feces were significantly higher in the Cd-administered groups. Among the Cd groups, blood Cd concentrations were decreased, fecal Cd excretions were increased, and Cd retenition ratios were decreased by feeding flavonoid diets. Plasma total lipid concentrations were significantly lower in the extracted hesperidin group, plasma triglyceride concentrations were significantly lower in the extracted hesperidin and naringin groups. Plasma HDL-cholesterol concentrations and HDL : total cholesterol ratios were increased by feeding flavonoids. Among the Cd groups, liver total lipid concentratons were decreased by feeding flavonoids. Fecal total lipid, fecal cholesterol, and fecal triglyceride excretions were significantly higher in the naringin group, and they were increased by feeding flavonoids among Cd groups. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance concentrations in plasma and liver were higher in Cd groups, and were significantly decreased by feeding flavonoids. The activities of erythrocyte catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase showed a tendency to increase by feeding. The activities of liver catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were not significantly affected by administering Cd or flavonoids. In conclusion, all flavonoids that were used in this experiment inhibited lipid peroxide formation in plasma and liver, but this effect was not caused by the increased in the activities of antioxidative enzymes.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2016

Apium graveolens Linn. (Apiaceae) is an indigenous plant of the North and South Americas, Southern Europe, and Asia and has been widely used as a food or a traditional medicine for treatment of inflammation and arthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of a methanolic extract of A. graveolens (AGE) against liver oxidative stress in an adjuvant-induced arthritic rat model. The AGE (250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg) was given orally for 24 consecutive days after induction by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant. Liver and spleen weights were recorded. The superoxide anion level, total peroxide (TP), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant status, and oxidative stress index (OSI) were also measured. AGE treatment significantly decreased the levels of the superoxide anion, TP, and OSI whereas the GPx and SOD activities significantly increased in the liver of the arthritic rats. These results indicated that AGE showed an ameliorative effect against liver oxidative stress in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats by reducing the generation of liver free radicals and increasing the liver antioxidant enzyme activity.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2002

노화과정에 산소라디칼이 관여할 가능성을 노화유도된 쥐를 동물모델로 하여 알아보았다. 난소를 절제한 rat와 난소를 절제하지 않은 정상의 rat에서의 생리활성에 미치는 인삼 추출물의 효과를 연구하였다. 난소를 절제한 rat에 각각 GTS (Ovx+GTS 군)와 GW (Ovx+GW 군)를 투여하고, 이것과 비교하기 위해 난소를 절제한 대조군(Ovx군)과 마지막으로 난소를 절제하지 않은 정상군(Sham군)으로 하여 항산화효과에 관한 실험방법으로 진행하였다. 노화유도된 쥐의 각 조직에서 lipid peroxidation이 증가되었고 free radical반응이 더 심하게 일어난 간 조직에서 노화진행이 그만큼 촉진되었음을 알 수 있었다. 간소라디칼반응이 항진된 원인을 규명코자 간 조직에서 미토콘드리아와 세포질분획에서 항산화효소의 활성을 조사한 결과, SOD와 glutathion reductase활성이 감소되었으며 노화나 지질과산화가 심하게 진행되었던 간 조직에서 이들 항산화효소의 활성감소가 심한 경향을 나타내었다. 생체는 free radical을 조절할 수 있는 다양한 항산화계가 존재하여 free radical을 효율적으로 제거함으로써 생체의 항상성을 유지할 수 있다. 이러한 항산화계에는 superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathion (GSH) peroxidase, GSH reductase, GSH S-transferase, catalase등의 항산화효소가 있다. SOD는 반응성을 가진 산소species인 superoxide anion을 macrophage와 polymorphonuclear leucocyte의 항균작용같은 세포방어기구에서 중요한 역할을 한다. 원칙상 눈, 피부등의 byaus이 공기중의 산소에 노출되면 oxidative stress가 커짐으로서 조직이 훼손되나 SOD같은 효소에 의해 보호되고 손상이 방지되는 것으로 알려지고 있다. 실제로 신체부위에 적용해 보면 쉽게 활성상실이 일어나므로 fatty arid와 공유결합시켜 효과적으로 superoxide radical을 제거할 수 있다. AST의 활성은 Ovx군이 Sham군에 비해 2.11배 높게 나타났으며, ALT 활성은 변화가 나타나지 않았다. AST 활성에서는 각각의 물질을 투여한 군에서는 유의적인 감소 경향을 보였다. 과산화지질함량은 Ovx군이 Sham군에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 각각의 인삼추출물을 투여한 군에서는 62%∼72%의 저해률을 보였다. 항산화 효소들은 Sham군에 비해 Ovx군에서 낮게 나타났는데, 각 물질의 투여 군에서는 유의성있는 증가를 보였다. 이러한 결과에서 보듯이, 난소 절제로 생성된 많은 free radical은 항산화효소에 의해서 감소되었으며, 그리고 인삼 추출물이 항산화 효소 대신에 노화를 저해하는 작용을 하는 것으로 사료되었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.289-296
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary $\beta$-carotene supplementation on lipid peroxide levels and antioxidant enzyme activities in alcoholic fatty liver rats. Forty five Sprague-Dawley male rats aging 8 weeks were used as experimental animals, which were divided into the control diet (CD) and the ethanol diet (ED) and the ethanol + $0.02\%$ $\beta$-carotene diet (EPD) groups and fed the experimental diet respectively for 5 weeks. After the feeding, rats were sacrificed to get blood and liver to analyze lipid and lipid peroxide levels and antioxidant enzyme activities. The mean body weight and food intake of the ethanol diet group was significantly lower than that of the control diet. The liver index (LI) of the ethanol diet group was significantly higher than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Serum levels of total lipid, triglyceride of the ethanol diet group were significantly higher than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Total cholesterol levels were not significantly different among all groups. HDL-cholesterol of the ethanol diet group was significantly lower than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Liver TBARS of the ethanol diet group was significantly higher than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Liver lipofuscin and conjugated diene levels were not significantly different among all groups. The superoxide dismutase activity of the ethanol diet group was significantly lower than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were not significantly different among all groups. Because v-carotene supplementation significantly decrease the serum total lipid, triglyceride, liver TBARS revels and increase the superoxide dismutase activity in alcoholic ratty liver rats, $\beta$-carotene supplementation seems to give beneficial effect for the alcoholics.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.388-394
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• 2017

Although several analytical methods for measuring total antioxidant capacity (TAC) have been applied to biological samples, there were often dissimilar results due to the different principles of methods applied. Thus, this study aimed to validate four conventional analytical methods for measuring plasma TAC, including the ABTS assay, DPPH assay, FRAP assay, and ORAC assay, by comparing with urinary 8-isoprostane concentration. In addition, TAC results were compared with antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocyte, and catalase in plasma. Plasma TAC measure by ABTS assay was strongly correlated with the result by FRAP assay. Plasma TAC by FRAP and ORAC assays were negatively correlated with erythrocyte SOD activity. The agreement among the four TAC assay methods and 8-isoprostane was determined using 95% prediction limits of linear regression, expressed as the mean of 8-isoprostane ${\pm}95%$ prediction limits. The ABTS method better agreed with 8-isoprostane than the other methods, demonstrating narrow prediction of limits. Furthermore, only plasma TAC determined by the ABTS assay was inversely correlated with urinary 8-isoprostane (r = -0.35, p < 0.05). In summary, the ABTS assay would be an appropriate method to measure overall plasma antioxidant capacity and predict the body's antioxidant status.