• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.308-311
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• 2003

Clinical outcomes of dogs treated for end-stage otitis extema with total ear canal ablation (TECA) combining lateral bullar osteotomy (LBO) at Veterinary medical teaching hospital of Seoul National University from 2001 to 2003 were evaluated. In 14 dogs, 23 ears, the operation was successful in alleviating all clinical signs of otitis externa and media. The main complication after TECA combining LBO were facial nerve paralysis and the others were recurrent infection and the formation of fistula and cyst. Two cases were tumors. One was ceruminous gland adenoma and the other was squamous cell carcinoma. The operation successfully resolved the original problems in 100% (23 of 23) of the surgically treated ears of these dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.396-398
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• 2003

A 2 year-old, 3.8 kg, intact female Maltese was presented with unilateral pain and reddish discharge from the left ear caused by a polyp in the horizontal ear canal. The polyp was diagnosed as osteoma histopathologically and removed through total ear canal ablation. Three months after surgery, osteoma was recurred and broken out of edematous skin lesion. It was considered that an inappropriate surgical removal of the tissue which attached base boarder of the polyp would be cause of the recurrence of the osteoma.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.133-133
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• 2008

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.266-270
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• 2019

A 13-year-old spayed female American cocker spaniel dog was submitted to an animal hospital with a mass from left ear canal and enlarged left parotid lymph node. Given one-year history of odorous exudates and chronic otitis externa, total ear canal ablation was performed. Grossly, because of the neoplastic mass in both inner and outside of annular cartilage in external ear, vertical ear canal was severely narrowed. Histologically, there were numerous proliferated glands in the ear canal mass. Many neoplastic glands contained secretory vesicles on the free margin and necrotic cellular debris. Severe multifocal necrosis and strong invasion were also observed throughout the mass. Massive metastatic foci of glandular structures originated from ceruminous gland were presented in the enlarged parotid lymph node. Neoplastic glandular epithelia contained PAS-positive diastase-resistant eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells showed positive reactions for cytokeratin (CK) 7 and negative for CK 5/6. Based on the clinical implication and gross findings, histopathology and immunohistochemistry, this case was diagnosed as metastatic ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma in the American cocker spaniel.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.159-162
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• 2021

A 5-year-old, intact male, poodle dog with right external auditory canal obstruction and subaural mass was presented. Physical examination revealed that right external auditory canal opening was absent and right head tilt was identified. Aspiration in right subaural mass revealed a small amount of dark brown exudate. Streptococcus canis and Staphylococcus spp. were identified on the microbial culture. Radiography of the skull was revealed absence of air-filled ear canal at the right external ear canal (EEC) level. Computed tomography (CT) revealed well capsulated, hypoattenuated mass in the right EEC region. On the contrast enhanced CT images, rim enhancement around the mass and ear canal obstruction were identified. Fluid attenuated material filled with right bulla. Mild thickening of the right tympanic bulla wall with mild lytic lesion of the ventral wall were found. Based on the images findings, the case was tentatively diagnosed as right external auditory canal atresia with otitis media. Total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy was performed. The entire ear canal was removed, numerous hair in the canal and the thickening wall were founded. Right ear canal was sent for histopathological evaluation and found to otitis externa. The patient was followed up for two weeks and there were no complications. This report described the CT diagnosis of right EEC atresia with otitis media rarely reported in small breed dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.184-186
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• 2004

A castrated male, 6 year-old Shih-Tzu, weighing 4.6 kg with a discharge from the external ear canal and a mal-odor was referred to Verterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Seoul National University. Radiographic findings were narrowing and focal loss of an air density in the left ear canal and bilateral thickening of the osseous bullae. For more detail examination, computed tomography was used. In computed tomographic findings, bilateral thickening of the bulla wall and increased opacity of the bulla space were observed. Thus this dog was diagnosed as bilateral otitis media. Then surgical correction, total ear canal ablation, was performed successfully and the patient showed a good prognosis thereafter. It is considered that computed tomography might serve as an useful imaging tool for otitis media and that it supplies information not obtained with a conventional radiography.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2003

The clinical results of 10 consecutive total ear canal ablation combined with lateral bulla osteotomy (TECA-LBO) in six dogs with chronic otitis externa and media were evaluated by the postoperative recovery and long-term follow-up. All dogs were selected for TECA-LBO on the basis of following five clinical symptoms. First, medical treatment couldnt improve clinical signs at least for eve. 2 months. Second, tympanic membrane was completely disappeared. Third, radiopacity was increased in tympanic cavity. Forth, petrous temporal bone was sclerosed. Fifth, ear canal calcification was progressed. And all cases were satisfied all five clinical symptoms. At 14. days after operation, the preoperative symptoms of chronic otitis externa and media which were scratching ear, pain, and hardening ear canal were resolved, and postoperative swelling, erythema, head tilt, and exudate from Penrose drainage were not existed In all cases. Loss of eye blink was happened in 4 cases, but these were disappeared between 14 days a(ter operation except one case on 3 months. All dogs were discharged form hospital at 14 days after operation. Between 3.5 and 6.5 months after discharging from hospital, para-aural abscessation was happened only in all Cocker spaniels. But this complication was solved by ventral bulla osteotomy (VBO). The dogs which didn't show para-aural abscessation after TECA-LBO didn't show scratching, pain, hardening of ear and hearing ability was improved, at 7.5 months after TECA-LBO. And the dogs which showed para-aural abscessation after TECA-LBO also didn't show scratching, pain, hardening of ear and hearing ability was also improved, at 7.5 months after VBO. In conclusion, After TECA-LBO, all dogs were recovered well without complication within 2 weeks except Cocker spaniel. And loss of eye blink can be cured naturally within 2 weeks after surgery. And para-aural abscessation can be happened between 4 and 7 months after TECA-LBO, so surgeon must follow-up until 8 months.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.353-356
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• 2002

A 9-year-old male Yorkshire terrior with recurrent chronic otitis externa and otitis interna was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University. Radiographic findings indicated mineralization around the right ear canal. A tan nodular mats, 1 cm in diameter. was noted near the tympanum after total ear canal ablation. Cytologically. the imprint smear of the cut surface of the mass produced clusters of cells with abundant and weakly basophilic cytoplasm, one small round nucleus and one or two nucleoli, mixed with both degenerate and non degenerate neutrophils. The location of the nuclei was eccentric, and some cells contained somewhat coarse black granules in their cytoplasms, on which the mass was diagnoted as ceruminous gland adenoma or hyperplasia associated with inflammation. Histopathologic examination of the tumor was compatible with a diagnosit of ceruminous gland adenoma. The patient is responding well to sugery and antimicrobial treatment.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.234-236
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• 2016

A 14 kg, 9-year-old, spayed female, Cocker Spaniel was presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University with a history of head tilt and circling. Otitis externa and media were diagnosed by computerized tomography, and total ear canal ablation was performed. In preanesthetic evaluation, systemic hypertension and second-degree atrioventricular block were observed, but there was no regurgitation through the heart valves. Systemic hypertension was managed with amlodipine (0.1 mg/kg, PO, BID) for the anesthesia. The dog was premedicated with cefazolin (22 mg/kg, IV) and midazolam (0.2 mg/kg, IV). Anesthesia was induced with alfaxalone (2 mg/kg, IV) and maintained with isoflurane and 100% oxygen following intubation. During surgery, vital signs (heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, end tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure and body temperature) were maintained within normal ranges, but bradycardia was observed and corrected with glycopyrrolate (5 ug/kg IV, twice). During subcuticular suture, electrohemostasis was applied at the incision line, which was close to the trigeminal nerve. In no time at all, heart rate dramatically decreased from 110 to 60 beats per minute. No additional treatment was done because mean blood pressure was maintained above 70 mmHg. The heart rate recovered according to the decrease of end tidal isoflurane concentration and there were no complications associated with the anesthesia and surgery. Sudden bradycardia after electrical stimulation around the trigeminal nerve was considered as trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR). It is recommended to be careful of bradycardia from TCR when electrocautery is used in the craniofacial area during surgery.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.499-503
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• 2009

A 12-year-old, female, Maltese dog was presented with otic signs, such as pruritus and malordorous discharge. Medical treatment of otitis externa had been carried out for several months at primary animal hospital. Radiography, ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), fine needle aspiration (FNA), and histopathological examination were performed for the diagnosis of ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma. Total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy were performed for excision of the tumor. Facial nerve paralysis developed after surgery is getting better through the acupuncture therapy.