• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.948-953
• /
• 2010

We evaluated the bioactive compounds including carbohydrates (CH), organic acids (OA), ascorbic acid (AA), anthocyanin (AC), and ellagic acid (EA) in the achenes, epidermis, and flesh of fully ripe strawberry fruits of the 'Maehyang', 'Seolhyang', 'Keumhyang', 'Akiheme', and 'Red pearl' cultivars. The total contents of CH, OA, AA, and AC were significantly greater in the epidermis than in other tissues, while the EA content was significantly greater in the achenes than in other tissues. The AA content of the epidermis ranged from $49.1-69.2mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ FW and was significantly greater than the content of the flesh, while AA was not detected in the achenes of any of the tested strawberry cultivars. The AA contents of the epidermis and flesh of the 'Maehyang' were 69.2 and $42.2mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ FW, respectively, and were greater than those of the other cultivars. The AC contents in the epidermis and achenes of the 'Keumhyang' were $74.0mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ FW and $36.7mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ DW, respectively, greater than those of the other cultivars. The EA content of the achenes of the 'Seolhyang' was $215.5mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ DW, significantly greater than those of the other cultivars. Results indicate that the antioxidant levels and other chemical compounds of strawberry fruits vary significantly among different fruit tissues. Our results also suggest that the recently introduced Korean 'Maehyang', 'Seolhyang', and 'Keumhyang' contain higher levels of antioxidants than other major June-bearing strawberry cultivars. These cultivars are feasible selections for both growers and consumers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.117-122
• /
• 1985

The effects of various factors on the color stability of plum nectar were studied. The data showed that pH and temperature were the most important factors affecting the rate of color loss. The concentration of ascorbic acid affected the rate of color loss in plum nectar. Although the color loss could be influenced by the presence of sugars and their degradation products such as 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural(HMF), HMF did not accumulate in sufficient amounts during the storage in the plum nectar to affect appreciably the degradation rate. The pigment was very unstable in the fermented juice and its. spectrophotometric spectrum was changed differently from that of natural plum color material. Materials present in plum nectar itself apparently have an appreciable effect on the rate of color loss.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2018.04a
• /
• pp.69-69
• /
• 2018

아로니아(Aronia czarna)는 anthocyanin, polyphenol, flavonoid, cathechine, chlorogenic acid와 같은 생리활성물질이 풍부하게 존재하며 항산화, 항암, 항균, 피부건강개선, 노화방지 등 다양한 생리활성에 대한 효능이 있는 것으로 알려져 있어 건강 및 기능성식품, 화장품 등의 원료 소재로 각광받고 있다. 생물전환(Bioconversion)은 미생물 또는 효소의 생물학적 촉매 반응을 활용하여 기존 소재의 성분을 변환시키는 기술이다, 최근 생물전환을 활용한 천연소재의 생리활성 물질 기능성, 생체이용률, 안전성을 증대시키기 위한 방안으로 많은 연구가 진행되고 있으며 식품, 의약품, 화장품 등 다양한 분야에서 활성화 되고 있다. 본 연구는 젓갈로부터 분리한 균주를 유전학적 특성을 확인하기 위하여 16S rDNA 염기서열을 분석한 뒤 그중 유산균을 발효공정에 활용하였다. 전북 순창에서 수확된 아로니아 분말과 발효공정을 수행하였으며 아로니아 최적 추출조건 선정, 발효공정 전 후 추출물의 기능성 평가를 진행하기 위하여 DPPH radical scavenging activity, Total polyphenol 함량을 확인하여 항산화 효능 및 유효성분 함량을 평가하였다. 또한 대식세포인 Raw 264.7을 사용하여 MTT assay, Nitric oxide (NO) 생성 억제 효능을 확인하여 세포독성 및 항염증 활성을 평가하였다. 실험결과, 젓갈류 발효물로부터 16종의 다양한 균주를 확보하였으며, 그중 L. rhamnosus, L. plantarum, P. pentosaceus 균을 발효 공정에 활용하여 유용 균주를 선정 결과 P. pentosaceus 종 유산균 처리군에서 무처리군 대비 DPPH radical 소거능 및 polyphenol 함량이 증가됨을 확인하였다. 발효공정 후 항산화 활성은 무처리군 대비 약 119%, polyphenol의 함량은 무처리군 대비 약 119%로 증가됨을 확인되었다. 또한 Raw 264.7 세포실험 결과 발효공정 후 독성활성이 감소되는 경향을 확인되었으며, 항염증 활성이 월등히 증가됨을 확인하였다.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.500-505
• /
• 2014

This study investigated the effects of the steeping condition and salinity stress on the quality properties of germinated black soybean. The absorbed water content increased drastically in six hours with the increase in the steeping time and the temperature. The pH decreased as the steeping temperature increased. A gradual increase in the dissolution of the anthocyanin was observed with the steeping time. The adequate steeping conditions were found to have been six hours at $25^{\circ}C$, which showed the needed absorbed water content within a short time. The germination percentage of the black soybeans decreased with the increase in the NaCl concentration. The pinitol and total phenolics contents showed the highest values under the concentrations of 0.7% and 0.3-0.5% NaCl, respectively. The flavonoid content was highest at the 0.1% NaCl concentration. Consequently, the salinity stress during the germination of the black soybeans enhanced the pinitol content and lowered the blood sugar, which gives it an advantage as a functional food material.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.535-547
• /
• 2015

In this study, the chemical properties and phenolic compound of blueberry, bokbunja and mulberry and their pomace were determined to develop them as functional food materials. Water content of individual whole berry was ranged from 84.25-86.20%, and water content was significantly high in whole berries rather than their pomace (p<0.01). Additionally, each berry and its pomace's pH was 3.32-5.18. Among them, whole mulberry showed the highest pH which is 5.18 (p<0.01). Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were the greatest in blueberry pomace and they were 24.81 mg/g and 2.13 mg/g, respectively (p<0.01). However, mulberry pomace generated the greatest anthocyanin content compared to others (p<0.01). In phenolic compound profiles, cyanin chloride was detected in mulberry and bokbunja. Epigallocatechin, gallocatechin and isorhamnetin were found only in blueberry. Catechin (hydrate) and epicatechin were greater in pomaces than whole berries except blueberry (p<0.01), otherwise, significantly great rutin (trihydrate) and quercetin contents were found in whole berries as compared to their pomace except blueberry (p<0.01). Gallic acid was significantly greatest in mulberry (p<0.01) and quercetin 3-D-galactoside was significantly greatest in blueberry (p<0.01). Apigenin and luteolin were traced in mulberry, and mulberry pomace showed greater apigenin and luteolin contents than whole mulberry (p<0.01). Naringenin was greater in pomaces than whole berries (p<0.01). As a result, it was found that all berry extracts used in this study were able to be applied as functional food materials and their pomace contained high phenolic compound enough to be a good source of phytochemical for nutraceutical use.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2015

Much attention has been focused on the activity of the natural antioxidants present in fruits and vegetables, because potentially these components may reduce the level of oxidative stress. Especially, mulberry leaves containing many natural components are considerable resource for natural antioxidants. The antioxidant capacity of mulberry leaves was investigated with minilum L-100 device and ARAW-KIT (anti-radical ability of water-soluble substance), in comparison to the ascorbic acid. The antioxidant capacity of 16 varieties was 3303.4 nmol at opening stage of five leaves in spring. The highest stage of antioxidant capacity (3708.0 nmol) and yield rate was just before the coloration stage with anthocyanin in fruits, whereas the lowest stage was middle of June (2231.6 nmol) and about two months growing stage after summer pruning (2064.6 nmol). But after summer pruning, the antioxidant capacity of mulberry leaves increased gradually until just before fallen leaves stage. Even if samples were same variety, antioxidant effect of those showed different results according to collected regions. Also, antioxidant effect of mulberry leaves were higher than that of branches. The antioxidant capacity of yield-type mulberry leaves and fruits (Morus alba L., M. bombycis Koidz, and M. Lhou (Ser.) Koidz) collected from In-je, Won-ju and Yang-yang regions, Kang-won province, Korea, was investigated. The results indicated that total antioxidant capacity of yield-type mulberry leaves was 2711.2 nmol. In the antioxidant capacity analysis of Jeollabuk-Do genetic resources, autumn's mulberry leaves showed higher antioxidant capacity than that of spring's it. To investigate the effect of tea on antioxidative capacity, five kinds of tea(coffee mix, green tea added brown rice, mulberry leaf tea, Polygonatum odoratum tea and black tea added lemon) were selected and analyzed. Their's anti-oxidative capacity were 2,531.01 nmol, 1,867.42 nmol, 1,053.72 nmol, 292.71 nmol and 188.91 nmol, respectively. The antioxidative capacity of drinking water soaked with mulberry leaf showed 891.96 nmol.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.167-174
• /
• 2022

In modern society, interest in antioxidants is increasing as the stress caused by oxidants increases. However, the demand for synthetic antioxidants is decreasing because some studies have confirmed that they are harmful when consumed in large quantities; thus, studies on antioxidants derived from natural substances are actively being conducted to replace synthetic antioxidants. Blueberry, known as one of the world's top ten long-lived foods, is a plant of the Vaccinium (Ericaceae) family, and various pharmacological activities of blueberry including antioxidant activity have been studied. Vaccinium oldhamii (VO) is a deciduous broad-leaved shrub in the same genus as blueberries, and in this paper, we summarize the studies on the efficacy analysis of VO extracts and purified products. The content of phenolic compounds in VO fruits was proportional to antioxidant and anti-influenza activity such as the inhibition of NO production, and the total content of polyphenols and anthocyanin was higher than that in blueberries. VO fruit extracts showed anti-inflammatory activity and anti-cancer activity against human acute leukemia; in contrast, VO branch extracts showed anti-inflammatory activity, activity to inhibit osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption due to inflammatory response, and anti-cancer activity against several human cancer cell lines. Compared to blueberries, VO showed higher phenolic compound content, antioxidant activity, and various physiological activities. In addition, VO is considered to have sufficient value as an alternative crop to blueberries, such as it can be grown natively in Korea, with simple mass cultivation and no need to pay royalties for commercialization.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.234-241
• /
• 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and Korean mint (Agastache rugosa Kuntze) with microbubble in a closed-type plant production system (CPPS) with a deep flow technique (DFT). Lettuce and Korean mint were grown in CPPS for 23 days. Microbubble was treated for 5 minutes daily at 9:00, 13:00, and 17:00 for 16 days. The leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, and fresh and dry weights of lettuce and Korean mint were significantly lower in microbubble than in the control. The total root length, root surface area, and the number of root tips of lettuce and Korean mint were significantly lower in the microbubble than in the control. In the case of average root diameter, there was no difference between the treatments of lettuce. However, Korean mint significantly increased in thickness in the microbubble treatment, indicating variations among the different crops. The results of the research indicated that microbubble treatment in the DFT inhibited plant growth by inducing abiotic stress in lettuce and Korean mint.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.642-653
• /
• 2023

This study was conducted to determine the quality properties, phytochemical compounds, and antioxidant activities of cookies prepared by replacing wheat flour with 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% aronia powder. The moisture content of the cookies decreased as the amount of aronia powder added increased. In contrast, the ash, crude protein, and crude fat content of the cookies did not differ between the control cookie and the cookies prepared with 2-6% aronia powder. The spreadability, leavening rate, loss rate and pH decreased with increasing aronia powder content. Compared to the control cookie, the lightness of the cookies decreased, but the redness and yellowness of the cookies increased as the amount of aronia powder added increased. The total polyphenol content of the cookies increased with increasing aronia powder content. The antioxidant activity of the cookies increased significantly as to the amount of aronia powder added increased compared to that of control cookie. Based on the these results, it is concluded that adding aronia powder to cookies increases antioxidant activity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.479-494
• /
• 2016

The aim of this study is to select the superior resources of high yield, high content of functional material optimal to mechanical harvesting by the evaluation of crop growth and yield characteristics in sorghum germplasm. One hundred accessions of sorghum germplasm were used in this experiment. Days from seeding to heading date showed the range from 68 to 94 days with the highest frequency proportion was the group from 80 to 85 days, which occupied 34% (34 plant resources) of 100 germplasm. Ear types of 100 sorghum germplasm could be classified as 7 types of broom-tillering, half broom-tillering, extreme open-loose type, open-loose type, intermediate type, compact type, extreme-compact type of which intermediate type was the highest ratio of 28% (28 plant resources) of 100 germplasm. Yield showed the range from 106 to 365 ㎏/10a with the highest frequency proportion of it was the group from 150 to 200 ㎏/10a, which occupied 44% (44 plant resources) of 100 germplasm. Among 100 sorghum germplasm, 18 ideal resources of high yield and short plant height appropriate for mechanical harvesting were selected. In order to evaluate high content of functional substance, selected 18 resources were analyzed for total polyphenol content, DPPH radical scavenging activity and total anthocyanin content. Finally, we selected 5 resources of short plant height, high yield, high content of total polyphenol and high DPPH radical scavenging activity among 18 genetic resources.