• 셀메드
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.28.1-28.27
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• 2014

Linderae Radix, the dry roots of Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm, has long been used as traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of inflammatory diseases. The total alkaloids are believed to be the active components responsible for anti-inflammation of Linderae Radix. Here, the total alkaloids of Linderae Radix were extracted and isolated, including 12 isoquinoline alkaloids and 1 furan sesquiterpene. Within the alkaloids, norisoboldine, boldine, linderaline, isoboldine, reticuline, N-methyllaurotetanine, norjuziphine were found to be the major ingredients. In lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells, application of Linderae Radix extract, or total alkaloids, suppressed the transcription of proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-$1{\beta}$ and interleukin-6. Out of the 12 alkaloids, norisoboldine, boldine, and isoboldine were tested in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophages, and norisoboldine was the strongest alkaloid in suppressing the cytokine expressions. The current studies suggested that the identification of alkaloids from Linderae Radix could provide a plausible explanation for herbal therapeutic functions.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.65.1-65.1
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• 2003

Natural benzo[c]phenanthridine and protoberberine alkaloids which have been attractive to synthetic organic chemists and biochemists over the last 2 decades since such compounds have shown interesting biological properties such as antitumor, antiviral and antimicrobacterial activities. For the systematic research on these alkaloids, several total syntheses of these alkaloids have been reported. However, the bulk of reported benzo[c]phenanthridine synthetic studies to date have involved multistep sequences for assembly of the target molecules as well as lack of generality for synthesizing substituted molecules. (omitted)

• KSBB Journal
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.195-200
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 Eschscholtzia californica의 이차 대사산물인 benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids의 생산량을 향상시키기 위해 주요 영양성분인 질소원 농도를 조절하여 배지의 조성을 최적화하였다. 그 결과, 질산과 암모늄 이온의 초기 농도 비율은 세포 성장과 alkaloids 생산량 증대에 중요한 영향을 미치는 인자로서 작용함을 볼 수 있었다. 총 질소 농도를 standard MS배지의 총 질소원 농도와 동일하게 유지하고 (60 mM), 농도 비율 다양하게 조절했을 때, 세포 성장과 alkaloids 생산량은 질산과 암모늄 이온을 각각 단독으로 이용할 때 보다 효율적으로 증대함을 볼 수 있었다. 최대 성장 (9.84 g DCW/L)과 alkaloids 생산량 (60.72 mg/L)은 50 : 10의 비율에서 나타났으며, 농도 비율의 감소는 세포 성장을 억제하고 alkaloids 생산량을 감소시켰다. 또한, 질산과 암모늄 이온이 세포 성장과 alkaloids 생산량에 미치는 영향력을 보다 명확히 확인하기 위해 질산 이온과 암모늄 이온 농도를 각각 조절한 결과, 암모늄 이온이 증가할수록 alkaloids 생산량은 비슷하나, 세포 성장은 감소하였으며, 또한, 질산 이온의 농도를 증가시킬수록 세포 성장은 비슷한 값을 나타내었지만, alkaloids 생산량은 다양한 차이를 나타내었다. 본 실험에서 세포성장과 alkaloids 생산량에 적합한 농도는 50 : 25 (mol/mol) 비율에서 나타났으며, 본 실험을 통해 Eschscholtzia californica의 현탁 세포배양에서 질소원 농도의 조절을 통한 외부 환경조절은 세포 성장과 alkaloids 향상에 매우 효과적이며, 소량의 암모늄 이온의 첨가 시 질산 이온 농도조절은 세포 성장을 억제하지 않으면서 alkaloids 생산량을 유도하는데 적합한 이온임을 확인하였다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2001

This study was carried out to evaluate the uncertainty in the analysis of total alkaloids and reducing sugar content in flue-cured tobacco. The sources of uncertainty associated with the analysis of total alkaloids and reducing sugar were the weighing of sample, the preparation of extracting solution, the addition of extracting solution into the sample, the preparation of standard solution, the precision of calibration curve for standard solution, the reproducibility of analysis, and the determination of water content in tobacco, etc. For the calculating uncertainties, Type A of uncertainty was evaluated by the statistical analysis of a series of observation, and Type B by the information based on supplier’s catalogue and/or certificated of calibration. It was shown that the main source of uncertainty was caused by the calibration curve of standard solution, the reproducibility of analysis, the volume measurement of 1$m\ell$, and the purity of nicotine reference material in the preparation of standard solution. The uncertainty in the addition of extracting solution, the sample weighing, the volume measurement of 100$m\ell$, and the determination of water content of tobacco contributed relatively little to the overall uncertainty. The expanded uncertainty of total alkaloids and reducing sugar in flue-cured tobacco at 95% level of confidence was $\pm$0.12% and $\pm$0.54%, respectively.

• 생약학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 1973

Korean ergot sclerotia which were collected from Agropyron semicostatum $N_{EES}$, Miscanthus sinensis $A_NDERS$ var. purpurascens $R_{END}$, M. sacchariflorus $B_{ENTH}$. et HOOK,. M. sinensis $A_{NDERS}$., Eulalia speciosa $O.{\;}K_{UNTZ}$, Themeda triandra $F_{ORSK}$. var. japonica $M_{AKINO}$, and Phalaris arundinacea L. were investigated for their alkaloid constituents. Quantitative determinations of alkaloids were carried out using a modified procedure of van $U_{RK}$ and $M_{ICHELON}-K_{ELLEHER}$ methods. The results showed that the two ergots from Agropyron semicostatum and Phalaris arundinacea contained total alkaloids up to 0.137 per cent. The alkaloids of these two ergots are mostly water-insoluble alkaloids. The ergots parasitizing Reed Canary grass was found to contain both water-soluble and water-insoluble alkaloids. The TLC and PPC tests for the ergot alkaloids from Agropyron semicostatum and Phalaris arundinacea revealed that they contain at least two alkaloids, respectively, and that the ergot from Themeda triandra $F_{ORSK}$. var. japonica has one. The lipid contents of the seven ergots ranged from 13 to 29 per cent.

• 약학회지
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• 제12권3_4호
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• pp.85-88
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• 1968

To select sclerotia to be used for strain isolation, water-soluble and water-insoluble alkaloids contents of the sclerotia of ergot fungus were determined. The sclerotia parasitic on the genus Elymus were found to contain greater amount of the alkaloids, up to 1.44%, than the sclerotia from the genus Agropyron. The major portion of the total alkaloid contents was the water-insoluble alkaloids. No correlation was found between the alkaloid contents and the lipid contents of the sclerotia analyzed.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.347-352
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• 1987

버어리 21을 공시품종으로 하여, 시비량을 전량기비구에서는 표준시비 외 증비 2처리와 기 추비구에서는 표준량을 기비로 하고 추비 2 처리를 두어 질소수준 및 시비방법과 수확시기의 차이가 엽중전질소 및 전알카로이드함량에 미치는 영향을 밝혀서 전질소화합물이 낮은 잎담배를 생산코자 본 시험을 수행하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 질소 증비에 따라 부풀성이 저하되었다. 2. 질소량을 증시 할수록 성숙이 지연되었고 엽중전질소 및 알카로이드함량도 증가되었으며, 기비 보다도 추비에 의해서 그 영향이 크게 나타났다. 3. 엽중 전질소함량은 적심 전이 가장 높았고, 이후 생육기간이 길수록 감소되었는데 상위엽에서 감소폭이 더 컸다. 4. 엽중 알카로이드함량은 적심기부터 증가하여 생육기간이 길수록 점차 더 증가되었고, 상위엽에서 증자폭이 더 컸다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.761-769
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• 2013

하동지역에서 생산되는 잎 녹차(우전, 세작, 중작, 대작)에 함유되어 있는 catechin류, alkaloid류 및 theanine를 HPLC를 이용하여 분석을 함과 동시에 녹차 추출물을 이용하여 총 페놀 물질과 항산화능을 측정하였다. Catechin류와 alkaloid류, theanine, 총 페놀 화합물의 함량은 물 추출물 보다 80% 알코올 추출물에서 더 높았다. 총 catechin과 alkaloid의 함량은 80% 에탄올로 추출한 우전(172.33 mg/g, 30.80 mg/g)에서 가장 높았다. Theanine의 함량도 80% 에탄올 추출물에서 높았고 55.36에서 37.48 mg/g의 범위였다. 녹차의 총페놀 화합물은 우전에서 가장 높았고, DPPH법, FTC법 및 TBA법을 이용한 항산화 활성 측정에서도 우전에서 높은 결과를 나타내었다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.23-30
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• 1982

Six flue- cured cultivars of Nicotiana tabacum L., 15 possible $F_1$ hybrids and $F_2$ Populations among them, and 15 haploid Populations from Fl hybrids and haploids from Parents, were evaluated. Comparisons of the $F_1$, hybrids and $F_2$ Populations with the Parents indicated that heterosis values were small but significant for yield, plant height, days to flower, leaf length and width and total alkaloids from-6.0% to 5.4% in $F_1$ hybrids, and from -3.4% to 3.6% for Plant height days to flower leaves per plant in $F_2$ populations, respectively. There were positive correlations for yield, plant height, days to flower, leaves per plant and total alkaloids between diploid and haploid populations. Increase or decrease ratio of haploids to diploids of total alkaloids was appeared to 30.3%. Those for yield, leaf length and width, value arid reducing sugar were ranged from -4.1% to -27.6%.

• 생약학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.168-173
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-helicobacter activity of the ethanol extract of Sohamhyoongtang (Coptidis Rhizoma, Pinelliae Tuber and Trichosanthis Semen) and Coptidis Rhizoma total alkaloids, which is one of the components of Sohamhyoongtang. Crude ethanol extract of Sohamhyoongtang (ESHHT) and Coptidis Rhizoma total alkaloids (CRTA) were used for this experiment. Five different types of H. pylori (including H. pylori 26695) were used as test strain. To determine anti-helicobacter activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by agar dilution method. The effect of ESHHT and CRTA on the gene expression of H. pylori was investigated by quantitative realtime-PCR (qRT-PCR). MICs of ESHHT against five H. pylori strains were $250{\sim}500{\mu}g/ml$ and MICs of CRTA against five H. pylori strains were $50{\sim}200{\mu}g/ml$. Four representative virulence genes of H. pylori, cagA, ureA, ureB and ureI were tested as target genes for qRT-PCR. According to the qRT-PCR results, both ESHHT and CRTA markedly repressed the expression of cagA gene of H. pylori 26695 (6.91 and 20 folds respecively). These results showed that the ESHHT and CRTA demonstrated antihelicobacter properties, suggesting their potential use in gastritis or duodenal ulcer.