• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.336-344
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was performed to assay the effect of neodymium oxide on the generation of reactive oxygen species and DNA oxidative damage by intratracheal instillation. Methods: Two groups of rats were exposed to neodymium oxide($Nd_2O_3$) via intratracheal instillation with doses of 0.5 mg and 2.0 mg, respectively. At two days and at 12 weeks after exposure, the contents of neodymium oxide in the lung, liver, kidney, heart and brain, leukocyte, olive tail moment, ROS, RNS, lactate dehydrogenase, albumin, cytokine and MDA from BALF were measured. Results: Neodymium oxide contents in the liver, kidney, heart, and brain were detected at less than $1{\mu}g/g$ tissue concentration. However, in the lungs at four weeks the highest amount were detected and then found to be drastically reduced at 12 weeks. ROS and RNS in bronchoalveolar lavage increased in concentration dependently at two days, four weeks and 12 weeks after neodymium oxide instillation. However, ROS and RNS decreased with the passage of time. At two days the total number of WBC in BALF in the high concentration group was significantly increased, and at four weeks the total number of WBC were significantly increased in the low and high concentration groups(p<0.01). At two days after exposure, the LDH of the low and high concentration groups was significantly increased. At 12 weeks, only the LDH of the high concentration group was significantly increased compared to in the control group(p<0.01). As a result of Comet assay, after two days, damage to the DNA of the low and high concentration groups was observed. Conclusions: Intratracheal instillation of neodymium oxide induces the generation of ROS and DNA damage in rats.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1583-1590
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• 2020

In this study, activity of anti-oxidation of Cinnamomum loureiroi extract (CLE). In order to measure anti-oxidation effect of CLE, phenol content of CLE, radical scavenging activity of ABTS and DPPH, and decrease of ROS production. Before the experiment, against Raw 264.7 cell, a cytotoxicity was measured and the result showed no toxicity. CLE's total polyphenol amount was 397.7±8.3 mg/g and the total flavonoid amount was 101.899±0.885 mg/g. As a measurement result of ABTS radical scavenging ability and DPPH radical scavenging ability, radical scavenging ability increased depends on the concentration. CLE's effect on the ROS creation was checked and the result showed that CLE suppressed ROS creation by showing a meaningful decrease of ROS generation. From all of the results, CLE is know to have an antioxidant effect. These results will be provided as fundamental data for further development of the new material of functional cosmetics to the results above.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.1 s.69
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• pp.137-147
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• 2007

Objective : The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidative effects of Carthami Flos extract. Methods : Total antioxidant status was examined by total antioxidant capacity(TAC) and total antioxidant response(TAR) against potent free radical reactions. The effect of Carthami Flos extract was examined far details of total phenolic content concentration at which 1,1-dipheny1-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activity was inhibited, the inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation, and the effect on reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation. Results : TAC of Carthami Flos extract at the concentration of 5 mg/ml was 1.84 mM Trolox equivalent. 2. TAR of Carthami Flos extract, on the other hand, couldn't be determined due to interference from unidentified compounds. 3. Total phenolic content of Carthami Flos extract at the concentration of 5 mg/ml was 2.01 mM gallic acid equivalent. 4. Concentration of Carthami Flos extract at which DPPH radical scavenging activity was inhibited by 50% was 6.43 mg/ml as compared to 100% by Pyrogallol solution as a reference. 5. The inhibitory effect of the extract on lipid peroxidation was examined using rat liver mitochondria induced by FeS04/ascorbic acid. Carthami Flos extract at the concentration of 10 ms/ml slightly but significantly decreased TBARS concentration. The extract continued to prevent lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. 6. The effect of Carthami Flos extract on reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation was examined using a cell-free system induced by hydrogen peroxide/FeS04. Addition of 1 mg/ml of Carthami Flos extract significantly reduced dichlorofluorescein(DCF) fluorescence. Carthami Flos extract caused concentration-dependent attenuation of the increase in DCF fluorescence, indicating that the ektract significantly prevented ROS generation in vitro. Conclusion: : Antioxidant efffcts of Carffami ffor extract seem to be due, at least in part, to the prevention offree radical-induced oxidation, fellowed by inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.1 s.69
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• pp.148-158
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• 2007

Objective : The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of Mori Folium extract. Methods Total antioxidant status was examined by total antioxidant capacity(TAC) and total antioxidant response(TAR) against potent free radical reactions. The effect of Mori Folium extract was examined by measuring total phenolic content, concentration at which 1,1-dipheny1-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activity was inhibited, inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation, and the effect on reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation. Results : 1. TAC and TAR of Mori Folium extract at the concentration of 5 mg/ml were 1.61 and 1.24 mM Trolox equivalents, respectively. 2. Total phenolic content of Mori Folium extract at the concentration of 5 mg/Ml was 1.70 mM gallic acid equivalent. 3. Concentration of Mori Folium extract at which DPPH radical scavenging activity was inhibited by 50% was 2.29 m9/m4 as compared to 100% by Pyrogallol solution as a reference. 4. The inhibitory effect of the extract on lipid peroxidation was examined using rat liver mitochondria induced by FeSO$_4$/ascorbic acid. Mori Folium extract at the concentration of 10 mg/ml significantly decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) concentration. The extract prevented lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent 5. The effect of Mori Folium extract on reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation was examined using a celt-free system induced by hydrogen peroxide FeSO$_4$. Addition of 1 mg/ml of Mori Folium extract significantly reduced dichlorofluorescein(DCf) fluorescence. The extract caused concentration-dependent attenuation of the increase in DCF fluorescence, indicating that the extract significantly prevented ROS generation in vitro. Conclusion ; The antioxidant effects of Mori Folium extract seem to be due, at least in part, to the prevention offree radical-induced oxidation, fllowed by inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.311-318
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• 2012

The correlation between osteoporosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress was investigated. Thus, interest in food and plants with antioxidant effects that can reduce damage caused by ROS during bone metabolism is heightening. In this study, the antioxidant effect of Taraxacum mongolicum on proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells under H2O2-induced oxidative stress was studied to investigate its protective effect against oxidative stress and its availability as an antioxidant material related to bone diseases. As a result, total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents of T. mongolicum were 33.65 mg/g and 4.45 mg/g, respectively. The T. mongolicum extract increased proliferation of both MC3T3-E1 cells and differentiated osteoblasts under $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress conditions. In addition, two differentiation markers, alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization level in the T. mongolicum extract, tended to increase. These results indicate that T. mongolicum extract suppressed the damage to osteoblasts under oxidative stress and that it is potential antioxidant materials for preventing bone diseases.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.110-116
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• 2022

Objective: Sperm vitrification leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage the functional parameters of sperm. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant effect of Nigella sativa extract on motility, plasma membrane function, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), DNA damage, and intracellular ROS production. Methods: A total of 20 sperm samples were used. Samples were divided into six experimental groups, including groups with aqueous extract from N. sativa seeds at concentrations of 1% to 6%, a cryopreserved control group, and a fresh control group. Results: Statistical analysis showed significantly higher total sperm motility at concentrations of 3% to 6% than in the vitrified semen control group. Additionally, progressive motility and all motion characteristics at all concentrations were significantly higher than in the vitrified semen control group. The presence of N. sativa seed extract also improved the quality of the sperm parameters assayed in all experimental groups (1%-6%; intracellular ROS production, DNA damage, MMP, and sperm membrane function) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Higher concentrations of N. sativa led to improvements in all sperm parameters and sperm quality. These findings indicate that N. sativa seed extract is effective for improving the quality of sperm after vitrification.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.889-899
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• 2017

To investigate the quality characteristics of domestic $ros{\acute{e}}$ wines marketed in Korea, 11 kinds of wines were purchased at the Korea Wine Festival in 2016. The color, physiological activity, aroma component and sensory evaluations were conducted. The hue value of $ros{\acute{e}}$ wines ranged from 0.592 to 1.990, with the Ro7 of Delaware having the highest value. The brightness of $ros{\acute{e}}$ wines ranged from 42.96 to 94.99, the redness from 3.20 to 59.37, and the yellowness from 8.43 to 24.83. Of the 11 $ros{\acute{e}}$ wines evaluated, 1 was a dry wine and 10 were sweet wines. The average sugar content of the sweet wines was 73.89 mg/mL. Among the organic acid contents, malic acid ranged from 0.214 to 2.903 mg/mL, and lactic acid content ranged from 0 to 3.423 mg/mL. Malolactic fermentation differed, depending on the source. The total polyphenol content of $ros{\acute{e}}$ wines ranged from 50.55 to 99.55 mg%, the anthocyanin content was 2.12 to 213.30 mg/L, and the DPPH radical scavenging activity of $ros{\acute{e}}$ wines was between 73.75 to 90.41%. A total of 41 volatile components were detected, including 7 alcohols, 22 esters, 4 terpenes, 3 acids and 5 other compounds. Of these, 9 compounds had odor activity value(OAV) greater than 1; these were identified as 1-propanol (alcohol, pungent), 3-methyl-1-butanol (harsh, nail polish), ethyl butanoate (strawberry, lactic), isopentyl acetate (fresh, banana), ethyl hexanoate (green apple, fruity), ethyl octanoate (pineapple, pear, floral), ethyl decanoate (fruity, fatty, pleasant), linalool (flower, lavender) and limonene (lemone, orange). As a result of the sensory evaluation, the Ro5 wine made from Campbell Early grape, and having a good color, flavor and taste, was the most preferred.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.55-61
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• 2011

Objectives: Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS) are continuously produced at a high rate as a by-product of aerobic metabolism. Since tissue damage by free radical, ROS such as hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$), nitric oxide(NO) increases with age. Several lines of evidence provided that ROS appears to cause to develop aging-related various diseases such as cancer, arthritis, cardiovascular disease. In this study, we have conducted to investigate the pharmacological effects of red ginseng for the development possibility to pharmacopuncture drug sources or healthy aid foods. Methods: For our aims, it was investigated the biological activities of Red Ginseng ethanol extracts (RGEE) by measuring total polyphenol contents, total flavonoid contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and cell viability of MCF 10A and SK-MEL-2 in vitro with MTT assay method. Results: The total polyphenol contents of RGEE was 3.06${\pm}$0.11mg/g in 10mg/ml, the total flavonoid contents of RGEE was 1.35${\pm}$0.01mg/g in same concentration. The ABTS radical scavenging activity was about 80% and that of DPPH activity was 65% in 50mg/ml of RGEE. The cell viability of SKMEL-2, skin cancer cell line was decreased and that of MCF 10A, skin normal cell line was increased. Conclusions: We conclude that RGEE may be useful as potential functional foods or pharmacopuncture drug sources on the diseases induced by oxidant stress.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.31-43
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• 2023

Objective : Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is caused by excess alcohol intake. In the liver, alcohol breakdown results formation of toxic byproducts that lead to damage to tissue. This study is to investigate the therapeutic effects of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Puerariae Radix combination (PP) on ALD. Methods : PP was analyzed for polyphenolic compounds and free radical scavenging activity. ALD mouse model was induced by feeding ethanol and water (Control), silymarin (50 mg/kg), low-dose (PP: 100 mg/kg) or high-dose (PP: 200 mg/kg) was orally administrated to ALD mice for 14 days. The serum was assessed with levels of AST, ALT, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride. Liver tissues were evaluated for ROS levels, degree of liver damage and protein expression. Results : The 3:1 (Paeoniae Radix Alba:Puerariae Radix) ratio showed the best antioxidant values for the experiment. In ALD model, levels of AST, ALT, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly increased in the Control and the levels were decreased by treatment of PP. In addition, increased ROS, ONOO^- and MDA levels in the Control were reduced in the PP groups. Western blot analysis figured out that proteins related to ROS and cholesterol metabolism were higher in ALD than in PP-treated ALD. Antioxidant enzyme expression was low in the control group and increased by PP treatment. Conclusion : Our results suggest that PP has the potential to be a medicine in ALD in terms of regulating oxidative stress and adjusting lipid metabolism.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.833-838
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• 2015

To develop a value-added product from individually quick-frozen oyster Crassostrea gigas extract (IQFOE), we prepared two types of oyster sauce (OS): bottled OS (BOS) and retort pouched OS (ROS). We investigated processing conditions, quality metrics and flavor compounds in each type of sauce. We found that the most appropriate base formular for both BOS and ROS consisted of 40.0% IQFOE (Brix $30^{\circ}$), 15.0% sugar, 6.0% salt, 4.0% monosodium glutamate, 4.0% soy sauce, 3.5% starch, 3.0% yeast extract, 3.5% wheat flour and 21.0% water. The crude protein, salinity and amino-nitrogen contents of the BOS and ROS were 8.2 and 8.3%, 9.3 and 9.2%, and 539.2 and 535.2 mg/100 g, respectively. In commercial oyster sauces (COS), these values were 4.7-6.5%, 9.7-12.0%, and 244.7-504.2 mg/100 g, respectively. The total free amino acids content of ROS was 7,346.9 mg/100 g, and the main free amino acids were glutamic acid, taurine, proline, glycine and alanine. The inosinic monophosphate (IMP) content of the ROS was 131.6 mg/100 g, and the primary inorganic ions were Na, K, S and P. The present BOS and ROS have favorable organoleptic qualities and storage stability compared with COS, and are suitable for commercialization as high-flavor seasoning sauces.