• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.436-441
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• 2011

This study was performed to evaluate physico-chemical properties and antioxidant activity of pork patties with tomato powder as affected by water solubility. Fresh tomatoes were homogenized and dried in a $60^{\circ}C$ oven. Dried tomato powder was added to double deionized-water and stirred. The soluble and insoluble portions were collected by freeze-drying. Thus, total dried powder (T1) and water soluble (T2) and insoluble powders (T3) were prepared for the experiment. Pork patties containing 0.5% water insoluble powder had the highest redness and yellowness values among the treatments (p<0.05). Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance values of pork patties containing 0.5% dried tomato powder were lower than those of the control (p<0.05) and not different from those of the reference (0.01% BHT). Total bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae (VRB) tended to increase with increasing storage time from 0 to 14 d; however, these values were not statistically different among treatments. These results suggest that lipid oxidation may be suppressed by adding tomato powder to pork patties; thus, tomato powder could be used as a natural antioxidant in meat products as a partial replacement for synthetic antioxidants.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.61-70
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• 2019

This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of fish meal, bone meal, and sesame oil cake, which are readily available by-products from agriculture and fisheries, during the process of liquid fertilizer fermentation, and to examine the effects of liquid fertilizer application on seed germination and growth of tomatoes. During processing the fermentation for liquid fertilizers by using fish meal, bone meal, and sesame oil cake liquid fertilizers, the pH of the fertilizer increased in the order of bone meal > fish meal > sesame oil cake, and the concentration increased rapidly up to 30 days in all types of liquid fertilizer. The nitrogen content of the liquid fertilizers increased as fermentation progressed in the order of fish meal > bone meal > sesame oil cake. The phosphorus content increased as fermentation progressed and the highest was 1.0 % in the liquid fertilizer of sesame oil cake. The germination rate and its index of radish seeds were compared for different dilutions of each of the liquid fertilizers. Excluding the 10-fold dilution of the fish meal and oil cake liquid fertilizer, all the treatment groups showed a germination rate ≥ 95 % and the germination index tended to increase with dilution rate of liquid fertilizers. For responses of tomato growth, there were no significant differences among the liquid fertilizer treatment groups; however, the organic content, microbial density, and microbial biomass C in the soil were higher than chemical fertilizer treatment. These results demonstrated that there were differences in the characteristics of liquid fertilizers depending on the materials used, and that liquid fertilizer can be used for nutrition management for the organic crop cultivation.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.198-201
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• 2009

Bacterial wilts, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is a very destructive disease to tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) in Korea. Selection of resistant cultivar is the best way to prevent or reduce the occurrence of this disease. Thirty-nine tomato cultivars, twenty-one cherry tomato cultivars and thirteen rootstock tomato cultivars were inoculated with Ralstonia solanacearum, to evaluate tomato cultivars for resistance against bacterial wilts. Thirty-seven cultivars were highly susceptible to bacterial wilts and 61-100% of their whole tissue became wilted within 10 days after inoculation. Twenty-four cultivars showed moderate resistance and twelve were resistant to bacterial wilts. In an evaluation of 73 major commercial cultivars, 'Lilyance', 'TP-7', 'Choice', 'Dadaki', 'Akiko', 'Redstar', 'Match', 'B-blocking', 'Magnet', 'Support', 'Friend' and 'Special' were found to have a high level of resistance to bacterial wilts of tomatoes.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.917-921
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• 2014

'Hei-G' is a new tomato cultivar originating from the cross of two inbred lines, the maternal plant TKUI-3 separated from 'Kame' in 2007, and the paternal plant AL-1 developed by pedigree breeding. The new cultivar was registered as 'Hei-G' named 'JTB026 (Jeonnam-2)' based on characteristics and yield trials carried out in the spring of 3 years, from 2010 to 2012. 'Hei-G' is an indeterminate type with strong plant vigor. The fruit is round and the ripening fruit is blackish red. The average fruit weight of 'Hei-G' is about 43.4 g, and its marketable yield is $4,944kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$. The lycopene content of 'Hei-G' ($11.8mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) is higher than that of other tomatoes (e.g., cv. Rapido, 3.1 mg). In addition, 'Hei-G' is suitable for environment-friendly protected cultivation because of its resistance to powdery mildew.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.833-836
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• 2013

'Hei' is a new cultivar of red with black flesh; originated from the cross of two inbred lines, mother plant, TKUI separated from 'Kame' in 2007 and father plant, TLB separated from tomato collected in Europe by pedigree breeding method. 'Hei' was tested for specific character and productivity of lines of tomatoes in spring for 2 years, 2008 to 2009. This variety had resistance to powdery mildew. 'Hei' is an indeterminate type. The fruit shape is round and the skin color is blackish red. The average fruit weight of 'Hei' is about 127.9 g and marketable yield is $5,715kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$. Lycopene contents of 'Hei' are about $18.5mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$, high compared with other tomato ($3.1mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$). 'Hei' is suitable for environment-friendly protected cultivation because of resistance to powdery mildew.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1308-1315
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• 2014

Biological control using the plant growth-promoting Rhizobacterium (PGPR) has received significant attention in recent years. PGPR has been linked with promoting growth in economically important crops, such as potatoes, tomatoes, and rice. Bacillus mojavensis KJS-3 (Moja-3), isolated from food waste, possesses antifungal properties against Aspergillus terreus, A. fumagatus, A. flavus, and Fusarium redolense, and it may have potential in the development of products for industrial applications. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effects of spraying the PGPR Bacillus mojavensis KJS-3 on the growth of altari radish (leaf number, leaf length, leaf weight, root length, and rhizome length, adjacent portion diameter, and weight) and lettuce (leaf number, length, width, and weight). Three different concentrations of the foliar spray treatment of B. mojavensis KJS-3 were applied to the altari radish and lettuce: the recommended standard concentration of $1{\times}10^9cfu/g$, half the standard concentration of $0.5{\times}10^9cfu/g$, and double the standard concentration of $2{\times}10^9cfu/g$). The B. mojavensis strain foliar spray treatment increased the growth of the leaves and roots of the altari radish and increased the growth of the lettuce leaves. For both plants, the recommended concentration of B. mojavensis KJS-3 produced better growth than half the standard concentration, and the growth was similar with the double dose. This study demonstrates positive effects of Moja-3, suggesting it may be a potential new bio-fertilizer for improving the growth of altari radish and lettuce.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.164-169
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• 2012

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to monitor the residue of pesticides and to assess their risk in domestic agricultural products, such as fruit vegetables, tomatoes, oriental melons and root vegetables, garlic, potatoes and onions. METHODS AND RESULTS: 250 samples containing both general and environment-friendly certified agricultural products were collected from traditional markets and supermarkets in 6 cities. 132 pesticides except for herbicides were analysed using the multi-residue methods by GC/ECD, GC/NPD and HPLC/UVD. 17 kinds of pesticides were detected from 42 samples, which were 32 general, 1 organic, 4 pesticide-free and 5 low pesticide agricultural products. Among those, myclobutanil detected in 1 potato and procymidone detected in 10 oriental melons were unregistered pesticides for using in Korea. Fenbuconazole detected in 1 potato and phorate detected in 1 tomato were exceeded over the MRLs established by Korea Food and Drug Administration. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, a risk assesment was conducted using a percentage of acceptable daily intake(%ADI). %ADI ranged from 0.0064% to 4.6035%, and showed these values have no effect on human health.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.106-113
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• 2020

BACKGROUND: Bumblebees have been shown to be very effective pollinators for most greenhouse tomatoes. Neonicotinoid insecticides are one of the most widely used pesticides in tomato crops in Korea. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was carried out to investigate the toxicity of four neonicotinoid insecticides (clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam) to bumblebees based on the OECD guidelines (No.246, 247). The 48 hr LD₅₀ (㎍ a.i. /bumblebee) values in the acute contact toxicity tests were determined as follows: clothianidin, 0.467; dinotefuran, 3.741; imidacloprid, 3.967; and thiamethoxam, 0.747. The 48 hr LD₅₀ values in the acute oral toxicity tests were determined as follows: clothianidin, 0.005; dinotefuran, 0.056; imidacloprid, 0.325; and thiamethoxam, 0.018. The acute contact and oral toxicity of the test insecticides to bumblebees from most to least toxic was clothianidin > thiamethoxam > dinotefuran > imidacloprid. CONCLUSION: This study provided the basic toxicological data of neonicotinoid insecticides for bumblebees. In the near future, acute toxicity and mixture toxicity of other pesticides to bumblebees could be determined using this method.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.650-656
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• 2013

Endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) plays a pivotal role in augmenting Protein C activation through the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. EPCR activity is markedly changed by ectodomain cleavage and released as the soluble protein (sEPCR). EPCR shedding is mediated by tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ converting enzyme (TACE). Lycopene found in tomatoes and tomato products has anti-oxidant, anti- cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. However, little is known about the effects of lycopene on EPCR shedding. We investigated this issue by monitoring the effects of lycopene on the phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ and on the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-mediated EPCR shedding. Data showed that lycopene potently inhibited the PMA, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$ and CLP-induced EPCR shedding by suppressing TACE expression. Furthermore, lycopene reduced PMA-stimulated phosphorylation of p38, extracellular regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Given these results, lycopene should be viewed as a candidate therapeutic agent for the treatment of various severe vascular inflammatory diseases via inhibition of the EPCR shedding.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.140-146
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• 2014

This paper presents a case study to develop e-learning contents of agricultural safety based on the assessment of risks of 4 selected crops and stock farming: rice, potatoes, apples, tomatoes and stock raising. The aged farmers, who are main workforce of current Korean agriculture and relatively more vulnerable to various risks of agricultural work compared to younger workers, were considered as the main users of the contents in developing them. The safety guidelines were presented as simple as possible and the interfaces were designed to be simple and easy to use so that the older users can use it without much difficulty. In making the scenarios of the contents, risk assessments were carried out for each crop and stock farming with the focus being on occupational diseases rather than accidental injuries. To make the contents more attractive to the farmers, the functions requiring active responses from the users, such as answering simple questions, were included in the contents. Usability evaluation by experts of ergonomics and agricultural tasks were carried out in modifying the draft version, whereas formal usability test was not included in the case study. Though there are some limitations in the developed contents in the aspects of evaluation of usability and effectiveness, this case study shows the structured procedure of developing e-learning safety contents based on the risk assessments on agricultural tasks. The developed e-learning contents are expected to be used practically and easily in educating and training older farmers about safety and health of agricultural tasks.