Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association (유기물자원화)

Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association (유기성자원학회)
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Effect of Liquid Fertilizer Application using Fish-meal, Bone-meal and Sesame oil-cake on Seed Germination and Growth of Tomato

어분, 골분 및 참깨박을 이용한 발효액비 제조에 따른 무 발아 및 토마토 생육에 미치는 영향

  • An, Nan-Hee (Organic Agriculture Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Lee, Sang-min (Organic Agriculture Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Cho, Jung-Rai (Organic Agriculture Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Lee, Cho-Rong (Organic Agriculture Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Kong, Min-jae (Organic Agriculture Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
  • 안난희 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 이상민 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 조정래 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 이초롱 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 공민재 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과)
  • Received : 2019.11.15
  • Accepted : 2019.12.16
  • Published : 2019.12.20
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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of fish meal, bone meal, and sesame oil cake, which are readily available by-products from agriculture and fisheries, during the process of liquid fertilizer fermentation, and to examine the effects of liquid fertilizer application on seed germination and growth of tomatoes. During processing the fermentation for liquid fertilizers by using fish meal, bone meal, and sesame oil cake liquid fertilizers, the pH of the fertilizer increased in the order of bone meal > fish meal > sesame oil cake, and the concentration increased rapidly up to 30 days in all types of liquid fertilizer. The nitrogen content of the liquid fertilizers increased as fermentation progressed in the order of fish meal > bone meal > sesame oil cake. The phosphorus content increased as fermentation progressed and the highest was 1.0 % in the liquid fertilizer of sesame oil cake. The germination rate and its index of radish seeds were compared for different dilutions of each of the liquid fertilizers. Excluding the 10-fold dilution of the fish meal and oil cake liquid fertilizer, all the treatment groups showed a germination rate ≥ 95 % and the germination index tended to increase with dilution rate of liquid fertilizers. For responses of tomato growth, there were no significant differences among the liquid fertilizer treatment groups; however, the organic content, microbial density, and microbial biomass C in the soil were higher than chemical fertilizer treatment. These results demonstrated that there were differences in the characteristics of liquid fertilizers depending on the materials used, and that liquid fertilizer can be used for nutrition management for the organic crop cultivation.

본 연구는 농가에서 손쉽게 구할 수 있는 농축수산 부산물인 어분, 골분, 참깨박을 대상으로 액비 발효과정 중 이화학성 특성과 제조된 액비 처리에 따른 무 종자 발아 및 토마토 처리에 따른 작물 생육과 토양 환경에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 수행하였다. 어분, 골분, 참깨박 액비 제조 시 발효기간 동안 액비의 pH는 발효가 진행될수록 골분 > 어분 > 참깨박 액비 순으로 높아졌으며 EC농도는 액비 3종 모두 30일까지 급격히 증가하다가 이후 변화가 적은 것으로 나타났다. 액비의 질소 함량은 발효가 진행될수록 모두 증가하였으며 어분 > 골분 > 참깨박 액비 순으로 높았다. 인산 함량도 발효가 진행될수록 증가하였으며 참깨박 액비가 1.0 % 로 가장 높게 나타났다. 액비 종류별 희석배수에 따른 무 종자의 발아율과 발아지수 결과는 어분과 참깨박 액비 10배 희석 처리구를 제외하고는 모든 처리구에서 95 % 이상의 발아율을 나타냈으며 발아지수는 액비가 희석될수록 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 액비 처리에 따른 토마토 생육 및 수량은 액비 처리간에 유의한 차이는 없었으며 화학비료 처리구에 비해 토양 중 유기물 함량, 미생물 밀도 그리고 미생물체량이 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과로부터 유기자원을 활용한 액비 특성은 재료에 따라 차이가 있으며 유기농작물 재배 시 액비 시용으로 양분관리가 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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