• 농업과학연구
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.423-429
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• 2015

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of reduced nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertigation as additional fertilizer on tomato yield and nutrient contents in excessively nutrients-accumulated soil. Shoot and root dry weights (DW), dry matter rate for shoot, root and fruit and number of fruit in both AF50 and AF100 (50 and 100% levels of additional fertilizer) treatments were increased in comparison with those in AF0 (0% level of additional fertilizer) treatment. In case of nutrient uptake by tomato, nitrogen, phosphorous (P) and potassium contents in all tomato parts (leaf, stem, root and fruit) in AF50 and AF100 treatment were lower than those in AF0 treatment. On the contrary, soluble sugar and starch contents in all tomato parts in AF50 and AF100 were higher than those in AF0 treatment. There were differences between AF0 and AF50 or AF100 in tomato growth, yield, nutrient level and contents of soluble sugar and starch. In contrast, the level and initiation point of fertigation did not significantly affect the parameters. Based on our results, the application of properly reduced level of additional fertilizer is possible to maintain the productivity of tomato and alleviate the nutrient accumulation in plastic film house soils.

• 자연과학논문집
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• 제4권
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• pp.161-177
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• 1991

This experiment was carrid out to investigate the effect of organic fertilizer and plant growth regulators application on the growth and quality of tomato. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Plant height of tomato was recorded highest when chemical fertilizer plus organic fertilizer was applied, and did not have significant effects in number of leaf. But stem diameter was positively effected by chemical plus organic fertilizer application than chemical fertilizer alone. 2. Flower formation, flower weight, anther weight and ovary weight were generally increased by organic fertilizer application. 3. Fruit-set and number of flower were significantly increased by organic fertilizer application. 4. Deformity fruit was the lowest rate at chemical plus organic fertilizer application when it was 14.7 percent, and it was increased by chemical fertilizer application. 5. Days of ripening was slightly delayed by organic fertilizer application and also flowering date shortened by chemical fertilizer application. 6. Plant growth regulators had positive effects on number of flower, flower weight, anther weight, and ovary weight, and variations of their effect by cluster were apparent. 7. Fruit-set was increased by 2,4-D 10ppm and BA 20ppm treatments but was decreased by treatments of Ethephon 10ppm and control. 8. By the BA 20ppm and 2,4-D 10ppm treatments, the rate of deformity fruit was decreased and fruit ripening date was also shortened.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.566-574
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• 2015

Yellow or transparent fruit peel color is caused by the accumulation or lack of naringenin chalcone (NG, C) in fruit peel and determines the red or pink appearance of tomato fruit, respectively. NGC biosynthesis is regulated by the SlMYB12 gene of the Y locus on chromosome 1, and DNA markers derived from SlMYB12 would be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) of tomato fruit color. To develop a gene-based marker, 4.9 kb of the SlMYB12 gene including a potential promoter region was sequenced from the red-fruited (YY) line 'FCR' and pink-fruited (yy) line 'FCP'. Sequence alignment of these SlMYB12 alleles revealed no sequence variations between 'FCR' and 'FCP'. To identify SlMYB12-linked single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 'FCR' and 'FCP' were genotyped using a SolCAP Tomato SNP array and CAPS markers (CAPS-456, 531, 13762, and 38123) were developed from the four SNPs (solcap_snp_sl_456, 531, 13762, and 38123) most closely flanking the SlMYB12. These CAPS markers were mapped using $F_2$ plants derived from 'FCR' ${\times}$ 'FCP'. The map positions of the fruit peel color locus (Y) were CAPS-13762 (0 cM) - 456 (11.09 cM) - Y (15.71 cM) - 38123 (17.82 cM) - 531 (30.86 cM), and the DNA sequence of SlMYB12 was physically anchored in the middle of CAPS-456 and CAPS-38123, indicating that fruit peel color in domesticated tomato is controlled by SlMYB12. A total of 64 SolCAP tomato germplasms were evaluated for their fruit peel color and SNPs located between solcap_snp_sl_456 and 38123. Seven SNPs that were detected in this interval were highly conserved for pink-fruited accessions and specific to transparent fruit peel traits, as depicted by a phenetic tree of 64 accessions based on the seven SNPs.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.704-711
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• 2016

Tomatoes are considered as one of the main components of daily meals in most households. Thus, it is important to invest in studies enhancing their yield and nutritional value. The study evaluated the effect of wood vinegar (WV) on tomato under greenhouse conditions. Data on fruit number, fruit weight, and plant height were recorded. Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of tomato were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, respectively. FRR-CF+500x-WV significantly increased the fruit number (86.11%) and fruit weight (81.78%) over the control. Results were comparable to HRR-CF+250x-WV, indicating that conventional fertilizer and WV may have synergistic effect on each other. TPC and scavenging effect on DPPH radical was improved by 250x-WV application. The increase in the phenolic compounds can be attributed to WV as a direct source or as a factor triggering the plants to produce more secondary metabolites with the purpose of increasing natural defenses. The significant effect obtained by applying the full recommended rate of conventional fertilizer on the carotenoid content was due to the availability of the major nutrients needed by the plant. Correlation analysis showed that carotenoids have negative correlation with TPC and DPPH. However, TPC and DPPH showed that these are positively correlated with each other. Tomatoes are excellent source of antioxidants associated with the reduction of some human diseases and improved health. The results provided evidence that WV alone and/or its combination with conventional fertilizers has favorable effects on the quality of tomato.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2021

BACKGROUND: Tomato genome editing using CRISPR-Cas9 is being actively conducted in recent days, and lots of plant researches have been aiming to develop high valued crops by editing target genes without inserting foreign genes. Many researchers have been involved in the manipulation of the crop ripening process because fruit ripening is an important fruit phenotype for increasing fruit shelf life, taste, and texture of crops. This paper intends to evaluate target sgRNA to edit the two ripening-related genes encoding pectate lyase (PL) and phytoene synthase (Psy) with the CRISPR-Cas9 system. METHODS AND RESULTS: The CRISPR-Cas9 expression vector was cloned to target the PL (Solyc03g111690), Psy1 (Solyc03g031860), and Psy2 (Solyc02g081330) genes, which are the ripening genes of tomatoes. Tomatoes injected with Agrobacterium containing the CRISPR-Cas9 expression vector were further cultured for 5 days and used to check gene editing efficiency. As a result of the target gene sequence analysis by the next generation sequencing method, gene editing efficiency was calculated, and the efficient target location was selected for the PL and Psy genes. CONCLUSION: Therefore, this study was aimed to establish target sgRNA data that could have higher efficiency of the CRISPR-Cas9 system to obtain the delayed ripening phenotype of tomato. The developed method and sgRNA information is expected to be utilized in the development of various crops to manage its ripening processes.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.245-251
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Selection an suitable light source is essential in the year-round production of horticultural crops in closed production systems such as plant factory with controlled environments. This study was investigated to confirm the effects of artificial light sources on growth of cherry tomato'CF Jelly'(Lycopersicon esculentum var.) under high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS), metal-halide lamps (MH), and LEDs. METHODS AND RESULTS: Light intensity of the light sources was controlled at 220±30 µmol/m²/s with 12 hrs of photoperiod for a day. Flower development was significantly faster in HPS and MH treatments compared to the LEDs. There was no significant difference between the leaf number and leaf shape under the HPS and MH treatments. Reproductive growth of cherry tomato was significantly promoted by the LEDs treatment of blue plus red lights. Fruit yield per plant also increased under the LEDs compared to the others. CONCLUSION(S): Growth, flowering, and fruit setting of the cherry tomato were accomplished by the artificial lights under plant factory conditions. The HPS treatment showed negative effect on fruit quality in terms of blossom-end rot incidence compared to the LEDs or MH treatment. Effect of the LEDs on promotion of fruit weight and yield was also proved. Additional research should be carried out for improving sugar metabolism or decreasing disease in the fruits under plant factory system using only artificial lights.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.78-89
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• 2020

기능성 성분이 향상된 토마토 품종 개발을 위해서는 성분 정량분석법과 토마토 유전자원 간 대사성분 변이에 대한 정보의 확보가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 토마토 유전자원23개 계통과 12개 상용 F₁ 품종을 이용하여 수용성 비타민 7종(vitamin C, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9)과 폴리페놀계 성분 5종(quercetin, rutin, kaempferol, myricetin, and naringenin chalcone)에 대한 함량을 비교 분석 하였다. HPLC와 LC-MS 분석 결과, 수용성 비타민과 폴리페놀계의 주요 성분으로 vitamin C와 naringenin chalcone이 각각 검출되었으며 품종 간 높은 수준의 함량 변이가 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 반면에 vitamin B1, quercetin 과 kaempferol은 전 품종에 있어 함량이 가장 낮았다. 대사성분 함량과 토마토 과실특성 간 상관관계에 있어 서 과크기(과중)와 높은 유의성이 관찰되었는데 대부분의 성분에 있어 방울토마토 품종이 완숙용 토마토 품종보다 높은 함량을 보였다. 하지만 naringenin chalcone을 제외하고 대사성분과 과색 간의 상관관계는 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았다. 본 결과는 토마토 육종과정에 활용될 수 있는 효율적인 대사성분 정량분석법을 제시할 뿐만 아니라 기능성 성분 고함량 육종소재 선발에 중요한 정보를 제공한다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제50권
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• pp.239-247
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in enhancing plant performance and bioactive compound concentrations in tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). This factorial pot experiment included nine replications over 120 days of cultivation. Three AMF species (Rhizophagus prolifer, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and Acaulospora mellea) were utilized as inoculum, while non-mycorrhizal controls with or without synthetic NPK fertilizer were compared. Interestingly, C. etunicatum KS-02 inoculations effectuated the best fruit growth and weight, which were statistically higher than those of the control without AMF. However, only fruit fresh weight was higher in plants inoculated with C. etunicatum KS-02 than those treated with the synthetic NPK fertilizer. In addition, C. etunicatum KS-02 inoculations induced a ≥ 11% increase in DDPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) activity, lycopene content, and carotenoid content compared to the control. This study is the first to report Claroideoglomus species' effectiveness in promoting growth, fruit yield, and bioactive compound production in L. esculentum Mill. These findings substantiate the significant potential of C. etunicatum KS-02 for tomato cultivation without the adverse effects of excessive synthetic fertilizer use.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.451-456
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• 1998

지속적농업을 위한 고성능토양을 개발하기 위하여 방울토마토를 공시작물로 계분 및 돈분퇴비를 3년간 연용하면서 방울토마토의 생육 및 수량, 그리고 연용후 토양이화학성을 조사하였다. 계분 및 돈분퇴비의 사용량과 시용 횟수가 증가할수록 토마토의 생육량 및 과실수량은 유의성 있게 증가하였으며, 뚜렷한 경향은 없으나 대체로 과실의 당도와 과실 개체당 중량 역시 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 계분 및 돈분퇴비만 사용할 경우 가비중과 경도는 현저히 낮고 공극율은 높았으며, 유기물과 치환성 칼륨의 함량은 높은 반면 치환성 칼슘의 함량이 낮아 일부 토양의 물리성과 화학성이 적정범위에 미달하거나 초과하는 불균형이 나타났다. 결론적으로 퇴비와 화학비료의 조화있는 활용을 통한 지력증진이 필요하다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.194-198
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• 2007

시설 토마토 과실의 상품성을 향상시키기 위하여 칼륨 엽면처리 농도 및 시기를 분석한 결과, 0.5% 칼륨 엽면처리구에서 과중이 $200{\sim}400g$인 상품과 비율이 75.5%로 대조구에 비해 29.5%증가하였다. 처리시기는 착과기가 가장 좋았는데, 착과기에 0.5% 칼륨를 엽면처리하면 상품과 비율이 대조구에 비해 5.9% 증가하였고 상품수량은 10% 증가하였다.