• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.397-406
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• 2011

Since tolerance allocation in a mobile phone camera manufacturing process greatly affects production cost and reliability of optical performance, a systematic design methodology for allocating optimal tolerances is required. In this study, we proposed the tolerance optimization procedure for determining tolerances that minimize production cost while satisfying the reliability constraints on important optical performance indices. We employed Latin hypercube sampling for evaluating the reliabilities of optical performance and a function-based sequential approximate optimization technique that can reduce computational burden and well handle numerical noise in the tolerance optimization process. Using the suggested tolerance optimization approach, the optimal production cost was decreased by 30.3 % compared to the initial cost while satisfying the two constraints on the reliabilities of optical performance.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.122-130
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• 2000

Due to the inherent dimensional uncertainty, the tolerances accumulate in the assembly of plasma cutting torch. Tolerance accumulation has serious effect on the performance of the plasma torch. This study proposes a statistical tolerance propagation model, which is based on matrix transform. This model can predict the final tolerance distributions of the completed plasma torch assembly with the prescribed statistical tolerance distribution of each part to be assembled. Verification of the proposed model was performed by making use of Monte Carlo simulation. Monte Carlo simulation generates a large number of discrete plasma torch assembly instances and randomly selects a point within the tolerance region with the prescribed statistical distribution. Monte Carlo simulation results show good agreement with that of the proposed model. This results are promising in that we can predict the final tolerance distributions in advance before assembly process of plasma torch thus provide great benefit at the assembly design stage of plasma torch.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 1984

The author carried out bovine mastitis test by California Mastitis test(CMT) for the milk from dairy cows in the surburbs of Taejeon. In order to select prefer commercial therapeutic antibacterial agents for mastitis treatment, Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from the CMT positive milk and the strains were tested for the tolerance test to the agents. The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1. The tolerance test appeared graduate tolerance in cases with continuously repeat of therapeutic agents. 2. The antibacterial agents revealed strong tolerance were D-and E-ointments. 3. The antibacterial agents revealed suspect tolerance were A-and F-ointments and ampicillin, penicillin, kanamycin and streptomycin. 4. The antibacterial agents revealed non or rare tolerance were B-and G-ointments and chloramphenicol, erythromycin and oxytetracycline. 5, It is concluded that the use of 3-day-interval in turn with antibacterial agents selected by tolerance test may be beneficial.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.7-14
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• 2023

The current study aimed to identify the level of tolerance and the level of marital happiness and the relationship between tolerance and marital happiness among married teachers in Irbid. In addition, to identify the differences in tolerance and marital happiness according to some demographic variables among married teachers in Irbid. The study sample consisted of (121) married teachers were randomly selected from the study community. For study purposes, the researcher used the tolerance scale for Shuqair and the marital happiness scale for Hedberg translated to Arabic by Alharekey. Findings showed that there were statistical correlations between tolerance and marital happiness among married teachers. The results showed no statistically significant differences between the married teachers' average scores in the degree of tolerance and marital happiness according to the gender, age, the gap between couples, and years of married.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.215-224
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• 1998

These experiments were conducted to compare the growth characteristics, cold and drought tolerances, disease tolerance and color of the 23 varieties of four different species of cool-season turfgrass introduced from the United States of America and Europe at Yonam College in 1995. Newport and Glade of 8 Kentucky bluegrass varieties were recorded better marks than others. Newport variety was recorded the good marks in the disease tolerance of summer seasons, uniformity, coverage and texture, but the bad marks in color, drought tolerance and rust tolerance and stay green of automn seasons. Glade variety was recorded the good marks in the disease tolerance of summer seasons, uniformity and coverage, but the bad marks in drought tolerance, texture and Pythium blight tolerance. Revel and Revel Jr of 5 tall fescue varieties were recorded better marks than others in color, shoot density, uniformity, coverage, and tolerance of Pythium and Fusarium blight disease. All of red fescue varieties died of disease for rainy season however texture was the finest of all the species in spring season. Dandy of 4 ryegrass varieties was recorded better marks than others in color, shoot density, coverage, drought tolerance and tolerance of Pythium and Fusarium blight disease but texture.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.239-241
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• 1989

Naloxone partially antagonized the analgesic effect of a large dose of morphine and inhibited the development of an acute type tolerance. Ginseng total saponins did not antagonize the analgesia of a large dose of morphine but inhibited the delrelopment of acute and delayed types tolerance. The morphine analgesia and the development of acute type tolerance were affected by the opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone, but the development of acute type tolerance was not. Ginseng total saponins partially inhibited the development of the delayed type tolerance that was not inhibited by naloxone, but also partially suppressed the development of the acute type tolerance that was completely inhibited by naloxone. These results imply that the partial inhibition of the development of the acute and delayed types tolerance by ginseng total saponins is not mediated by the opioid receptors.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.439-446
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare Grit, failure tolerance and psychological well-being between elementary science gifted and general students. The subjects of this study were 48 science gifted students and 70 general students in the 5th and 6th grade of elementary school in Gyeonggi province. The results of this study were as follows: First, Grit, failure tolerance and psychological well-being of science gifted students were higher than those of the general students, there was a statistically significant difference. Second, science gifted students showed higher correlation between grit and failure tolerance, grit and psychological well-being than general students. Grit of science gifted students had a positive correlation with all sub-factors of academic failure tolerance and psychological well-being. In general students, there was a positive correlation with all sub-factors of Grit, academic failure tolerance, and psychological well-being except for the emotion sub-factor of academic failure tolerance. Thirdly, as a result of the regression analysis on the elements of failure tolerance affecting the Grit, science gifted students showed emotional factor but general students had behavioral factors. Also, as a sub-factor of psychological well-being on Grit, both science gifted and general students showed autonomy.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.12
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• pp.1165-1172
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• 2007

Self/non-self discrimination and unresponsiveness to self is the fundamental properties of the immune system. Self-tolerance is a state in which the individual is incapable of developing an immune response to an individual's own antigens and it underlies the ability to remain tolerant of individual's own tissue components. Several mechanisms have been postulated to explain the tolerant state. They can be broadly classified into two groups: central tolerance and peripheral tolerance. Several mechanisms exist, some of which are shared between T cells and B cells. In central tolerance, the recognition of self-antigen by lymphocytes in bone marrow or thymus during development is required, resulting in receptor editing (revision), clonal deletion, anergy or generation of regulatory T cells. Not all self-reactive B or T cells are centrally purged from the repertoire. Additional mechanisms of peripheral tolerance are required, such as anergy, suppression, deletion or clonal ignorance. Tolerance is antigen specific. Generating and maintaining the self-tolerance for T cells and B cells are complex. Failure of self-tolerance results in immune responses against self-antigens. Such reactions are called autoimmunity and may give rise to autoimmune diseases. Development of autoimmune disease is affected by properties of the genes of the individual and the environment, both infectious and non-infectious. The host's genes affect its susceptibility to autoimmunity and the environmental factors promote the activation of self-reactive lymphocytes, developing the autoimmunity. The changes in participating antigens (epitope spreading), cells, cytokines or other inflammatory mediators contribute to the progress from initial activation to a chronic state of autoimmune diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.256-265
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• 2016

Software based fault tolerance techniques are designed to allow a system to tolerate software faults in the system. Fault tolerance techniques are divided into two groups : software based fault tolerance techniques and hardware based fault tolerance techniques. We need a proper design method according to characteristics of the system. In this paper, the concepts of software based fault tolerance techniques for Dual Flight Control Computer are described. For software based fault tolerance design, we classified software failure, designed a way for failure detection and the way of recovery. Eventually the effectiveness of software based fault tolerance techniques was verified through the Software Test Environment(STE).

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.14 no.spc
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

The flaw tolerance evaluation requirement prescribed in Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) §29.571 Amendment 55 was established in 2012. As a result, there are not many datas of flaw tolerance evaluation. This paper introduces the series of processes and evaluation methods carried out for certification based on the flaw tolerance evaluation. An initial flaws were artificially formed on the main rotor actuator and then the damage tolerance test was performed, which was twice life time of design requirements, to demonstrate that the main rotor actuator of the rotorcraft is sufficiently capable of flaw tolerance.