• 한국연초학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 1994

Burley tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) KB 108 was developed from a single cross between KB 104 and TC 591 which was developed from a cross between Burley 49 and Tobacco Introduction 1406. It was tested for its resistance to black shank, potato virus Y(PVY), TMV and agronomic characteristics under field conditions. KB 108 has resistance to tobacco mosaic virus(TMV) and necrotic strain of potato virus Y(PVY-VN) with secreting glandular trichomes. It has also moderate resistance to black shank caused by phytophthora parasitica val. Nicotianae. KB 108 has an up-right plant growth habit similar to Burley 21. It flowers about 1-2 days later than Burley 21. The leaf width and length of KB 108 are approximately 3 cm wider and longer than those of Burley 21. The yield of KB 108 was higher 4%, nearly equal in value per kg compared to Burley 21.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.123-128
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• 1985

The incitant of soft rot on burley tobacco leaves in the curing vinylhouse was identified as Erwinia carotovra subsp. carotovora on the basis of its physiological characters. The bacterium yew best at $25^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$, but no growth was detectable at $40^{\circ}C$ in the nutrient broth for 24 hours period. Burley tobacco leaves inoculated with the bacteria (Ecc) produced typical soft rot lesions when the incubation temperature was 25 to $30^{\circ}C$ and the relative humidity was more than 8075, however, the lesion development was suppressed when the temperature was $40^{\circ}C$ and the relative humidity was below 80%. Significant negative correlation was found between hanging space in the curing vinylhouse and the incidence of soft rot on the tobacco leaves harvested in a rainy day regardless of streptomycin treatment.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.285-289
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• 1989

연초주요재배지역(煙草主要栽培地域)인 수원(水原), 충주(忠州), 대구(大邱) 및 전주(全州)에서 1976년(年)부터 1985년(年)까지 토양수분변화(土壤水分變化)에 밀접한 관계를 갖는 강우양(降雨量), 일조시간(日照時間) 및 증발량(蒸發量)의 생육단계별(生育段階別) 분포량(分布量)과 잎담배(Burley 21)수량(收量)과의 상호관계(相互關係)를 비교검토(比較檢討)하였다. 연초식물(煙草植物)의 증산(蒸散)으로 수분(水分)이 가장 많이 소모(消耗)되는 이식후(移植後) 40일(日) 에서 60일(日) 사이는 5월(月) 중순(中旬)에서 6월(月) 상순(上旬)의 한발기에 해당되었으며 이러한 생육중반기(生育中半期)의 기상요인(氣象要因)들은 전생육기간(全生育期間)(80일(日))의 기상요인(氣象要因)들보다 잎담배수양(收量)과 훨씬 더 밀접한 상관(相關)을 보였다. 특(特)히 이식후(移植後) 41일(日)에서 80일(日)사이의 기상요인(氣象要因)들과 고도의 유의성있는 상관(相關)을 나타내는 빈도가 높았다. 이와같은 결과(結果)로부터 연초식물(煙草植物)의 증산(蒸散)에의해 수분요구풍(水分要求豊)이 현저하게 증대(增大)되는 생육중반기(生育中半期)는 잎담배생산성(生産性)에 민감하게 영향을 주는 중요생육시기(重要生育時期)라는 것이 입증되었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 1992

Extracts of Panax ginseng root significantly induced tolerance of Fusarium oxysporum to heavy metal, mecury, as the fungal mycelial growth was less inhibited by mercury chloride on potato dextrose medium(PDA) amended with ginseng root than on the PDA with no ginseng amendment. The most favorable concentration of ginseng root powder in detoxification of mercury chloride was 1%. The induced tolerance of F. oxysporum to mercury chloride appeared to be rather due to absorption of ginseng components, and was not related to stimulation of mycelial growth of the fungus per so by ginseng treatment. Ginseng components responsible for inducing tolerance of the fungus to mercury were involved in the water fraction of the ginseng root extract, although the water fraction had no effect on enhancement of the mycelial growth on the medium without mercury chloride. The hexane fraction of ginseng root extract, by which the mycelial growth was stimulated, was not related to the inducement of the tolerance to mercury chloride. However, more tolerance to mercury chloride was noted in PDA with both the water and hexane fractions combined than with either of the two fractions. Six-year-old ginseng roots were more effective in detoxification of mercury chloride than 4-year-old ginsng roots, and American ginseng (P quinquifolium) had no or little effect on inducing tolerance of the fungus to mercury chloride. This method may be used to screen other natural materials for test in the detoxification of mercury chloride.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.174-181
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• 2013

The plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Ochrobactrum lupini KUDC1013 elicited induced systemic resistance (ISR) in tobacco against soft rot disease caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. We investigated of its factors involved in ISR elicitation. To characterize the ISR determinants, KUDC1013 cell suspension, heat-treated cells, supernatant from a culture medium, crude bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and flagella were tested for their ISR activities. Both LPS and flagella from KUDC1013 were effective in ISR elicitation. Crude cell free supernatant elicited ISR and factors with the highest ISR activity were retained in the n-butanol fraction. Analysis of the ISR-active fraction revealed the metabolites, phenylacetic acid (PAA), 1-hexadecene and linoleic acid (LA), as elicitors of ISR. Treatment of tobacco with these compounds significantly decreased the soft rot disease symptoms. This is the first report on the ISR determinants by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) KUDC1013 and identifying PAA, 1-hexadecene and LA as ISR-related compounds. This study shows that KUDC1013 has a great potential as biological control agent because of its multiple factors involved in induction of systemic resistance against phytopathogens.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.188-194
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• 1998

This experiment was conducted to introduce phosphinothricin acetyl -transferase(PAT) gene, resistant to basta and non-selective herbidide, into tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum cv.BY4). For shoot formation,tobacco leaf disks were placed on the MS medium supplemented with 2.0mg/L BA and 0.1mg/L NAA. In this medium condition, tobacco leaf disces were cocultivated with A. tumefaciens MP90 containing NPT IIand PAT resistant to kanamycin and Basta, respectively. Shoots were obtained in the medium containing antibiotics, and those were transferred to rooting medium supplemented with 0.1mg/L NAA and antibiotics. The plants obtaining roots were transplanted into soil. Phenotype of transgenic tobacco plant was mostly as normal plant. However, about 5% was abnormal plant, which did not set seeds. PCR analysis and southern blot were performed to determine transformation. As the results, it was confirmed that PAT gene was stably integrated into tobacco genome.When herbicide, basta, was sprayed to the plants confirmed by PCR, the transgenic plants showed normal growth, whereas normal plants died. Therefore, the result of this experiment show that tobacco transformation for the resistance to basta, non-selective herbicide, was successful because PAT gene was stably integrated into tobacco.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 1995

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), TMV-common strain, causes severe damage on flue-cured tobacco in Korea. As the results, breeding programs were conducted to transfer the TMV resistance from NC567 to other cultivars. Advantage of F1, hybrid may not lie only in their heterotic value but also in directly combining of valuable dominant traits, e.g. for disease resistance, either in pairs or as groups already assembled in the two parents. A new TMV resistant flue-cured tobacco variety KF114 was developed from a cross as maternal parent MSNC567 and NC82 at the Suwon Experiment Station. KF114 was more vigorous growth characteristics in early stage than that of NC82, standard variety in Korea, and other characters were similar to those of NC82. It os high resistance to TMV, but bacterial wilt(Pseudomonas solanacerum) and black shank (Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae) is comparable to NC82. It should adapt well to the flue-cured production area and can reduce premature flowering under unfavorable weather conditions. Yield of KF114 is 1% to 5% higher, and nearly equal in value per KG compared with NC82. This variety, F1 hybrid, met acceptable standards for chemical and physical characteristics of cured leaf and high ranked good smoking taste by panel members in Korea Ginseng and Tobacco Research Institute.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.53-56
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• 1994

This study was aimed at finding out the effect of herbicide quinclorac (3, 7-dichloro-8- quinoline carbxylic acid) on tobacco culture in paddy soil. Herbicides quinclorac(Pozol, Pulta and Tomata) was randomly applied to subdivided paddy soil in Sep. 1992, and tobacco seedlings were transplanted to the field when seedling averaged 2cm in height in April 1993. Experiment plots were divided into non - treatment, standard(3kg/10a) and two times(6kg/10a) in amounts for each three herbicides. The symptoms of damage from herbicide were sighted when the plants had developed 8-9 leaves at 30 day after transplanting in standard amount plots, and when the plants had developed 4-5 leaves at 20 days after transplanting in two times treatments. The new leaves from damaged plants were bended out, and leaf color changed from green to dark - green, and then gradually advanced to abnormal narrow leaves. Standard treatments of herbicides showed a decrease of 18% in price per kg, 18% in yield and 33% in value per 10a than those of non - treatment, while two times treatments showed a decrease of 33%, 29%, 52% compared with non - treatment, respectively.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 담배식물의 생장과 glutathione reductase와 catalase의 활성에 미치는 p-CA, BA 및 SA의 영향을 연구하였다. 담배식물의 생장에 미치는 p-CA, BA 및 SA의 영향을 알아보기 위하여, $10^{-5}$ mM p-CA, BA 및 SA가 각각 함유된 MS배지에서 배양한 후 20일부터 50일까지 10일 간격으로 담배의 생장을 비교하였다. 3가지 물질 모두에 의해 50일에서 생장이 가장 잘 되였다. Glutathione reductase의 활성에 미치는 효과를 측정한 결과, BA의 활성은 대조구보다 감소하였으며, p-CA 역시 활성이 감소하였고, SA의 활성은 증가하였다. 또한 모두 40일에서 가장 활성이 높았다. Catalase의 활성에 미치는 효과를 측정한 결과, SA의 활성은 증가하였으며, BA와 p-CA의 활성은 감소하였다. 또한 모든 실험구에서 40일에 활성이 가장 양호하였다. 결론적으로 p-CA와 BA는 담배식물의 생장을 촉진시켰으며, 50일에서 생장이 가장 양호하였으나 항산화 효소의 활성을 억제하였다. SA는 담배식물의 생장을 억제시켰으나 항산화 효소의 활성은 촉진시켰으며, 40일에서 가장 활성이 양호하였다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.183-187
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• 1999

식물배양세포를 이용하여 효율적인 제초제 검정시스템을 확립하기 위하여 다른 작용기작을 가진 몇가지 제초제를 사용하여 담배 PM세포에 대한 반응성을 세포생장과 배지의 이온전도도를 측정하여 조사하였다. 담배 PM세포는 0.7 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.3 mg/L kinetin, 30 g/L sucrose를 함유한 MS배지에서 $25^{\circ}C$, 광조건에서 현탁배양 (100rpm)하였다 계대배양시 약제를 처리한 후 12일째의 세포생장과 배지의 이온전도도를 측정한 결과, 이온전도도 측정결과는 세포생장의 것과 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 담배 PM세포에 대한 각 화합물의 반응성은 약제의 작용기작을 반영하면서 다양하였다. PET 저해화합물인 atrazine은 담배 PM세포에 가장 강한 활성을 나타내었다 (IC50, 1 $\mu$M). GS 저해제인 glufosinate, 세포분열저해제인 butachlor, carotenoid 생합성저해제인 fluridone은 농도에 비례하여 저해활성을 나타내었다. 그러나 오옥신활성을 지닌다고 알려진 quinclorac은 억제활성을 나타내지 않았다. 따라서 배지의 이온 전도도 측정은 간편하면서 재현성이 좋은 신규 제초제의 탐색방법으로 유용할 것으로 시사된다.