• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.174-180
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• 2013

The vibration characteristic of tire is heavily related to the noise and comfort on driving. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate modal charateristic of non-pneumatic tires with Honeycomb spokes. The modal analysis of non-pneumatic tire is investigated for geometric of non-pneumatic tire(NPT) which is designed according to the cell angle of honeycomb cell. Investigation of natural frequencies and mode shapes of non-pneumatic tire are compared regular type NPT with auxetic type NPT. The analysis is based on the finite element method and used ABAQUS program which is able to analyze of non-linear. The material of NPT is used for the Ogden energy model which is model of hyperelastic material. As a result, natural frequencies and mode shapes of non-pneumatic tires with honeycomb spokes are affected by the angle of honeycomb cell.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.20 no.2 s.70
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• pp.84-90
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• 2005

This study is to use results of the experiment on the influence to the strength by mixing powders of wasted tires into regular remicon within a range of little effectiveness in durability, applicability, economic aspect, and workability, to put it to practical use and to apply as basic data from a view of recycling wasted tires as construction materials. And the concrete, which was mixed with 10mm particles with ratio of $0.5\%\;and\;1.0\%$ respectively at 270 of mixing strength, was reduced by $27\%$ in compressive strength compared to normal concrete, whereas concrete mixed with other than 10mm particles showed lower decrease ratio compared to the former by reducing only $1.0\%\~1.5\%$. it is found that as strength increases, the less in quantity of aggregate and the more increase in quantity of cement. When considered to the above result, it is estimated that concrete mixed with wasted tire particles could be better used in conditions of compressive force rather than tensile force, and could also be used for structures with flexural strengths as well. In conclusion, higher strengths could be made using waste tire mix.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.903-912
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• 2009

This study is focused on simulation-based dimensional tolerance optimization process (DTOP) to minimize vehicle pulls by reduction of dimensional variation in front suspension system. In previous studies, the effect of tires and wheel alignment sensitivity have mainly been investigated to eliminate vehicle pulls in nominal design condition without allocating optimal tolerance level for selected components, among various factors regarding vehicle pulls such as vehicle design parameters, vehicle weight balance, tires, and environmental factors. Unfortunately, there are wide variations in the real vehicle, and these have impacted actual vehicle pulls, especially wheel alignment effects from suspension geometry variation has not been considered in the previous studies. In the tolerance design of suspension, tolerance variables with the uncertainty such as parts dimensional variation, assembly process, datum position and direction, and assembly tool tolerance has a great influence on the variation of the suspension dimensional performances. This study introduces total vehicle pull prediction model in considering major key factors for vehicle pull sensitivity. The Monte Carlo-based tolerance analysis model using Taguchi robust method is developed to optimize dimensional tolerance parameters, satisfying on the target variation level.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.330-335
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• 2001

While contacting directly with ground, the tire tread part is in shape of complex patterns of variable ASDs(anti-skid depth) for various tire performances. However, owing to the painstaking mesh generation job and the extremely long CPU-time, conventional 3-D tire analyses have been performed by either neglecting tread pattern or modeling circumferential grooves only. As a result, such simplified analysis models lead to considerably poor numerical expectations. This paper addresses the development of a systematic 3-D mesh generation of tires considering the detailed tread pattern. Basically, tire body and tread meshes are separately generated, and then both are to be combined. For the systematic mesh generation, which consists of a series of meshing steps, we develop in-house subroutines which utilize the useful functions of I-DEAS solid modeler. The detailed pattern mesh can be imparted partially or completely.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.395-406
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• 2018

This paper proposes a linear damping model of tire-soil system using semi-empirical method. A test rig was designed and developed to measure the vertical equivalent linear damping ratio of tire only and tire-soil system using Free-Vibration Logarithmic Decay Method. The test was performed with two kinds of tractor tires using a combination of five inflation pressure levels, two soil depths and four soil moisture contents in the paddy soil. The results revealed that the linear damping ratio of tires increased with decreasing tire inflation pressure; the linear damping ratio of tire-soil system also increased with decreasing tire inflation pressure and increased with the increasing soil depth (observed at 80 and 120 mm). It also increased with a relative increase of soil moisture contents (observed at 37.9%, 48.8%, 66.7% and 77.4%). The results also indicated that the damping ratio of tire-soil system was higher than that of tire only. A linear damping model of tire-soil system is proposed as a damping model in parallel which is established based on experimental results and vibration theory. This model will have a great significance in study of tractor vibration.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.675-679
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• 2001

The research is to discuss the current resource recycling and recovery policy, which was enacted by Environmental Protection Administrative (EPA) in Taiwan. For the past few years, the solid waste generated in Taiwan has greatly increased about 5 % per year. In addition to the construction of landfill sites and incineration plants, 4 R techniques (Reduction, Reuse, Recycle and Recovery) were also publicized among the citizens and then promulgated to furthermore manage these increased solid waste. Although the regulations have been carried out to a great success, they still need to be revised and updated since solid waste contains varieties of different materials. Therefore, this research discusses the current regulation and makes suggestion for future regulation revision. From the results of this study, energy recovery was suggested to be emphasized in the regulation. Energy could be recovered from materials such as waste tires, and all kinds of plastic containers. Waste tires and most of the plastic containers made of hydrocarbon species, which contains great heating values, should be considered as one of the alternatives for the resource recycling.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.193-197
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• 2005

Influences of microstructure on high-cycle fatigue (HCF) limit of high carbon $(>0.7wt.\;\%)$ steel filaments used for tires have been investigated. A series of the fatigue tests was carried out depending on carbon content by using Hunter-type tester at a frequency of 60 Hz at a tension/compression stress of 900 to 1500 MPa. Microstructural changes of the filaments were identified in the lateral direction by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the mechanical properties, such as fatigue limit and tensile strength, were improved with increasing carbon content, which was mainly attributed to decreased lamellar spacing and cementite thickness. However, the fatigue ratio, which is defined as the ratio of the fatigue limit to the tensile strength, was reduced in a higher carbon range of 0.8 to $0.9\;wt.\%$, while the fatigue ratio was nearly constant in a lower carbon range of 0.7 to $0.8\;wt.\%$. Overall mechanical properties of the filaments, depending on carbon content, have been discussed in terms of the microstructural parameter change of lamellar spacing and cementite thickness. In addition, the variation of cementite morphology on the fatigue crack propagation of high carbon $(0.9wt.\;\%)$ filaments will be discussed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.660-667
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• 2016

Maintaining proper tire air pressure is an essential element in ensuring vehicle safety. UHP Tires that boast of many safety features are increasing in the market. In particular, the development of "Self-Inflating Tire" technology is accelerating around the globe. Self-inflating tire refers to a technique for maintaining appropriate tire pressure. An internal regulator senses when tire inflation pressure has dropped below the set air pressure. The tire boosts air through the valve when rolling and compressed air enters into the tire. This procedure keeps the tire air pressure at an appropriate level and increases tire safety. Flow analysis of the internal tube is required to examine self-inflating tires. In this study, a method of tube flow analysis using the FSI Method is proposed. The valve system is also implemented to optimize the regulator and sensor.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.719-724
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• 2011

A Non_Pneumatic tire (NPT) has spoke to replace air of the pneumatic tires. A NPT appears to have advantages over the conventional pneumatic tire in terms of flat proof and maintenance free. And a NPT can also be used in the space environment since it uses no air for inflation. In this study, the static contact pressure of NPTs with auxetic honeycomb spokes is investigated as a function of vertical loading and is compared with that of a pneumatic tire. The finite element based numerical simulation of the local stress of an airless tire is carried out with ABAQUS for varying vertical force and honeycomb spokes geometries.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.321-327
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• 2006

The previous paper described the logic tuning, the vehicle manufacture and the evaluation in the HILS system for the purpose of the development of a Steer-By-Wire(SBW) system. This paper describes the content of applying to a new HILS system, the vehicle manufacture and the result of the evaluation performed in Independent-type SBW(I-SBW) system. Here, the SBW indicates the method of steering both tires by using one motor as the steering gear actuator, similar to the conventional steering system. On the other hand, the I-SBW means the method of steering both front tires independently by using dual motors as the steering gear actuator. As a result, the layout and the kinematical mechanism of the I-SBW system are quite different from those of the typical steering mechanism. Nevertheless, there is no change in the steering column motor system. In the report, we first describe the structure and control logic of the I-SBW system, and then the control effect on this system as applied for both the HILS system and a vehicle. Furthermore, our HILS system involves the actuator mechanism which realizes the reaction force of the road surface with a minimized frictional force in operation. Therefore, it is possible for us to tune the control logic via the HILS system and confirm the effect of the tuned control logic by applying it to a vehicle with the I-SBW system.