• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.486-508
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• 2007

This study identifies key determinants of participation in UCC services. Incorporating insights from the flow theory, we examine the effects of psychological factors of social presence, self expression, arousal, and challenge as well as web-site characteristics variables of media easiness, contents usability, and immediateness. We have done a sample survey of internet users and collected 260 responses. Using Windows SPSS/PC 12.0 Package, we have performed statistical analyses including a correlation analysis, a factor analysis, and a multiple regression analysis. The result of the study is as follows. Psychological variables of perceived social presence, self expression, arousal, and challenge all show positive significant effect on participation in UCC service. Among web site characteristics, media easiness, which consists of a web structure that is easy-to-use, user friendliness, and personalized service, demonstrates a positive significant effect on participation in UCC services. Immediateness also has a positive significant effect. Some of the practical implications of the result are follows. We should improve user access to platforms of UCC service by opening up platforms. This will heighten perceived challenge which has the strongest influence on participation in UCC services. We need to focus on multimedia services and adjust to the cultural code of netizen who crave for visual expressions and on the spot on-line activities. Also suggested is that contributions made by participants need to be acknowledged through such provisions as profit sharing. Needs for individualized service, which is an aspect of media easiness, should also be addressed. Participants tend to value individuality while at the same time accepting broader trends. Information services need to be customized for individuals. In UCC centered internet businesses, netizen consumers are presumer. They are consumers and producers at the same time, and consumer needs should also be explored for the success of internet businesses.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.1C
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• pp.102-110
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose a VLSI structure of real-time image compression and reconstruction processor using 2-D discrete wavelet transform and implement into a hardware which use minimal hardware resource using ASIC library. In the implemented hardware, Data path part consists of the DWT kernel for the wavelet transform and inverse transform, quantizer/dequantizer, the huffman encoder/huffman decoder, the adder/buffer for the inverse wavelet transform, and the interface modules for input/output. Control part consists of the programming register, the controller which decodes the instructions and generates the control signals, and the status register for indicating the internal state into the external of circuit. According to the programming condition, the designed circuit has the various selective output formats which are wavelet coefficient, quantization coefficient or index, and Huffman code in image compression mode, and Huffman decoding result, reconstructed quantization coefficient, and reconstructed wavelet coefficient in image reconstructed mode. The programming register has 16 stages and one instruction can be used for a horizontal(or vertical) filtering in a level. Since each register automatically operated in the right order, 4-level discrete wavelet transform can be executed by a programming. We synthesized the designed circuit with synthesis library of Hynix 0.35um CMOS fabrication using the synthesis tool, Synopsys and extracted the gate-level netlist. From the netlist, timing information was extracted using Vela tool. We executed the timing simulation with the extracted netlist and timing information using NC-Verilog tool. Also PNR and layout process was executed using Apollo tool. The Implemented hardware has about 50,000 gate sizes and stably operates in 80MHz clock frequency.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.295-304
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• 2013

Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) has recently been one of the most active research fields in Korea as well as in foreign countries, because it can contribute to a longer life and economic efficiency of structures. Although precast-type UHPC fabricated in a factory is preferable in terms of quality control and reduction of construction period, there exist, even in the precast structure, some parts that need to be cast in-place such as the joints between precast segments. In the cast-in-place UHPC, however, it is probable that an optimum curing condition can hardly be realized in contrast to the factory production. In this study, therefore, the trend of compressive strength development of UHPC was experimentally investigated by assuming various inferior curing conditions that may be anticipated at a construction site. Concrete specimens were fabricated and cured under different conditions with the variables such as curing temperature, delay time before the initiation of curing, duration of curing time and moisture condition. The strengths were compared with those of the specimens cured by standard high temperature steam. Through the analysis of the test results, some minimum requirements for curing have been proposed that are required when the UHPC is cast in-place. It is expected, through this study, that practical use of UHPC in construction sites can be increased.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.2 s.111
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• pp.115-131
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• 2007

By the turn of the century, our society has been gradually more interested in environmental problems than any other time. Ecological change spurred by industrial pollution is occurring beyond the borders of nations, and has emerged as a global issue. Such change is resulting in exhaustion of natural resources and energy, and serious climatic change. In this study, main focus regarding the process of the fashion product design system was placed on the sustainable fashion design of organic cotton as a positive and alternative suggestion. It is expected that the results of this study contribute to the fashion design planning not only for future generation but also for the present time. This study researched on brands that produced their fashion products using organic cotton. The following cases proved to possess sustainability in their product system. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: Firstly, sustainable design in organic cotton products has been a progressive ere-design in 2000s. It is mainly focus concerned with recycling and re-use of materials to protect environment. It is not chemical dependant and takes a particular care in eliminating waste water and energy in the dyeing process. It is an environmentally sustainable design better than all the other design processes. Secondly, it is a design that cares for the common good of society and the global system of fair trading. The fair trading of organic cotton products induced a change in the structure of production system, while defending human rights. It also gave benefits by promoting development in local society and progress in traditional skills. Not to mention that it contributed to building up the concept of transparency in the global economic system. Lastly, the brands emphasize their social responsibility and management ethics to observe environmental policy which is established to protect our nature and people. Their public information reminds customers of the importance of protecting the environment from diverse pollution. Moreover, they hold social events to promote public awareness for environmental Issues. This study dealt only with the organic cotton, a small subset of the subject of sustainable design. It can be extended and applied to various other sustainable fashion design as a solution for global environmental issues.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.353-359
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• 2020

In this study, the controller structure and control algorithm of medical robot bed developed for pressure ulcer prevention and healing are described. The existing pressure ulcer prevention mattress is operated manually and the remaining maximum body pressure exceeds the pressure of ulcer generation, so there is always room for pressure ulcers. However, the system developed in this study does not generate the pressure ulcers because the body pressure drops to zero when the keyboard of the bed descends using the active electric driving keyboard. In addition, even if the bed is raised and the pressure above the critical body ulcer pressure is abnormal, the device and the control algorithm are designed so that the lasting time is within the pressure ulcer generation critical time and the pressure ulcer itself is not generated. The bed key board motor is a motor designed with the BLDC servos suitable for medical use and these can communicate each other easily through CAN(Car Area Network). The system is new medical robot bed that is effective in preventing pressure ulcers and will be distributed to many patients suffering from pressure ulcers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.333-340
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• 2017

Timelapse is an imaging technique that captures motion at regular intervals and then projects it at normal speed. We looked at Timelapse advertising images of global brands and presented a model for analyzing components and expression methods of Timelapse, a new image technique. In previous research, literature research, Internet data survey, and YouTube data were investigated. Continuous photography has been developed as an imaging technique, and we have examined the current production status applied to domestic and foreign documentary, domestic and foreign drama, film, and advertisement. In 2015-2016, I will analyze the techniques of iPhones (2016), Ralph Lauren Polo Ads (2015), and Canon EOS (2013) videos that use Timelapse techniques in their recent advertisements. The results show that the Timelapse component is a static element, the static motif is mainly an artificial structure, the place is outdoor, the color is taken at a time showing the characteristics of the place, and the layout is all centered. The dynamic motif is a moving object. The dynamic line consists of a story based on the object. The time is about 11-15 seconds, the longest is about 1 minute and 30 seconds, and the editing is mainly focused on the product with the brand logo emphasized. In conclusion, it is the role of the image to pay attention to the advertisement and catch the eye. In order to motivate the buyer's mind, it is necessary to direct and edit such as Timelapse, which stimulates the emotions inherent in the mind and stimulates the non-verbal symbols. Future research is likely to reveal various attempts at temporal editing of images.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 1992

Since 1960's along with industrialization and urbanization, economic growth has been . achieved, however, at the same time, environmental condition has been seriously deteriorated. . Currently, volume of wastewater has been increasing at annual rate of 7% in sewage and 20% in industrial wastewater. However, the nation's sewage treatment serves only 33% of the municipal wastewater as of 1991. Major portion of air pollutants comes from combustion of oil and coal which comprise 81% of total energy use and emission gases from motor vehicles increasing at an accelerated rate. It is known that Korea generates the highest amount of waste per capta. Nevertheless, it is not sufficient to reduce the volume of waste by means of resources recovery and recycling. Recognizing the importance of global environmental problems such as ozone layer depletion, global warming and acid rain, international society has been making various efforts since the 1972 Stockholm conference. In particular, it is expected that the Rio conference which has adopted the Rio declaration and Agenda 21 will form a crucial turning point of the emerging new world order after the Cold War confrontation. To cope with such issues as domestic pollution and global environmental problems, the fundamental national policy aims at harmonizing "environmental protection and sustainable development". The Ministry of Environment has recently set up a mid-term comprehensive plan which includes annual targets for environmental protection. According to the government plan, gradual improvement of various environmental conditions and specific measures to achieve them is planned in time frame. Additional sewage treatment plants will be constructed in urban areas with the target to treat 65% of the nation's municipal sewage by 1996. Supply of clean fuels such as LNG will also be expanded starting from large cities as a cleaner substitute energy for coal and oil. In parallel with expansion of LNG, emphasis will be placed on installation of stack monitoring system. Due to the relatively limited land, government's basic policy for solid waste treatment is to develop large scale landfill facilities rather than small sized ones. Thirty three regional areas have been designated for the purpose of waste management. For each of these regions, big scale landfill site is going to be developed. To increase the rate of waste recycling the government is planning to reinforce separate collection system and to provide industries with economic incentives. As a part of meeting the changing situation on global environmental problems after UNCED, and accommodation regulatory measures stipulated in the global environmental conventions and protocols, national policy will try to alter industrial and economic structure so as to mitigate the increasing trends of energy consumption, by encouraging energy conservation and efficiency. In this regard, more attention will be given to the policy on the development of the cleaner technology. Ultimately, these policies and programs will contribute greatly to improving the current state of national public health.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.35C no.6
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• pp.39-47
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• 1998

A fourth-order $\Sigma$-$\Delta$ modulator is designed and implemented in 0.6 $\mu\textrm{m}$ CMOS technology. The modulator is verified by introducing nonlinear factors such as DC gain and slew rate in system model that determines the transfer function in S-domain and in time-domain. Dynamic range is more than 110 dB and the peak SM is 102.6 dB at a clock rate of 2.8224 MHz for voiceband signal. The structure of a ∑-$\Delta$ modulator is a modified fourth-order ∑-$\Delta$ modulator using direct feedback loop method, which improves performance and consumes less power. The transmission zero for noise is located in the first-second integrator loop, which reduces entire size of capacitors, reduces the active area of the chip, improves the performance, and reduces power dissipation. The system is stable because the output variation with respect to unit time is small compared with that of the third integrator. It is easy to implement because the size of the capacitor in the first integrator, and the size of the third integrator is small because we use the noise reduction technique. This paper represents a new design method by modeling that conceptually decides transfer function in S-domain and in Z-domain, determines the cutoff frequency of signal, maximizes signal power in each integrator, and decides optimal transmission-zero frequency for noise. The active area of the prototype chip is 5.25$\textrm{mm}^2$, and it dissipates 10 mW of power from a 5V supply.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.1003-1012
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• 2005

The most significant difference of embedded systems from general purpose systems is that embedded systems are allowed to use only limited resources including battery and memory. Especially, the number of applications increases which deal with multimedia data. In those systems with high data computations, the delay of memory access is one of the major bottlenecks hurting the system performance. As a result, many researchers have investigated various techniques to reduce the memory access cost. Most programs generally have locality in memory references. Temporal locality of references means that a resource accessed at one point will be used again in the near future. Spatial locality of references is that likelihood of using a resource gets higher if resources near it were just accessed. The latest embedded processors usually adapt cache memory to exploit these two types of localities. Processors access faster cache memory than off-chip memory, reducing the latency. In this paper we will propose the enhanced dynamic allocation technique for structure-type data in order to eliminate unused memory space and to reduce both the cache miss rate and the application execution time. The proposed approach aggregates fields from multiple records dynamically allocated and consecutively remaps them on the memory space. Experiments on Olden benchmarks show $13.9\%$ L1 cache miss rate drop and $15.9\%$ L2 cache miss drop on average, compared to the previously proposed techniques. We also find execution time reduced by $10.9\%$ on average, compared to the previous work.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.14D no.4 s.114
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• pp.381-388
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• 2007

Consumers changed to the subject to produce a digital contents as data transmission technique is advanced and a digital machine is diffused variously. Users are interested greatly in a user creative movie (UCM) production among various online contents. The UCM production method which uses the music and picture is the method that users make the UCM more easily. However, the UCM production service has the problem that any association does not exist in the music and picture and that the picture changes according to fixed time interval without the relation at a music rhythm. To solve this problem, we propose the UCM production method which uses a music analysis and picture analysis in the paper. A music analysis finds a picture change time according to the rhythm and a picture analysis finds the association of the picture. A music analysis finds strong parts of the sound which uses Root-Mean-Square (RMS). And a picture analysis classifies the picture as a scenery picture and people picture which uses structure simplicity of the picture(SSP) and face region detection. A picture analysis got correct result of 86.4% in the experiment and we can finds the association at each picture and arranges the sequence which the picture appears. Therefore, if we use a music and picture analysis at the UCM production, users may make natural and efficient movie.