• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.406-419
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• 2017

This study is to explore the essence and meaning of part-time job experience, in particular, to deduce growth experience through part-time jobs. This study is based on time-experience of phenomenological research method developed by the van Manen. For this research, the research data was collected by reviewing high school student part timer in Gyeonggi-do, those who had experience of average of two-year part time work or currently at work, and by undertaking in-depth interviews with seven of them from the March to April of 2017 with the agreements of the participants of this study. Time-experiences, i.e. part-time job experiences of youths, can be arranged as the following subjects. 'the feeling necessity part-time job and seeking it', 'adapting hard life of part-time', growth-experiencing through part-time work..The necessities for part-time job are feeling up consumption needs, aidsing domestic economy, pursuing independence, social and leisure life, self growth and preparing for the future. Adapting of part-time jobs are mastering, enduring, skillfuling work related to work adatation, and enduring ostracizing of old members, stopping and lasting, building bonds related to relationship adaptation. Growth-experiencing through part-time work are formig rational management for money, mental growth, preparing for the future. Based on these findings, the suggestion and limitation of the study were presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.6 s.105
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• pp.1-15
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to present a new viewpoint in look by closely examining fashion and look through the past, present, and future. Specifically, the concept of time is studied and fashion is considered based upon the concept of time, finally, looks in fashion related to time are analysed. For this study, the literature of retro, modern, contemporary, futuristic looks that express the past, present, and future, and the classic look, the popularity of which transcends the concept of time was considered focusing on 20th century women's fashion. Design characteristics of these looks were analyzed utilizing photographs of collection images. The results of the study are as follows: first, although the retro look of different periods regularly rotate and appear, they change and develop in new and various ways depending on the Periodic background of the time they appear in, and thus show simultaneously the cyclical and straight nature of time. Second, the modern look includes not only the moaning of time concept of the present, but also of interpreting anew the formal significance of modernism in the present. In other words, because it cyclically repeats the times of past modern periods, the look can be said to focus on the cyclical nature of time. Third, the contemporary look is a style that expresses current time most exactly as it exists, and it can be said to be the look in which current time is most vividly expressed. Fourth, the time concept in futuristic look is a subjective time that selectively accommodates and expresses the objective time of the future which has not yet come, and that can be the look's most important point. Last, the classic look possesses an objective value that transcends the concept of time, and it keeps returning, showing the cyclical nature of time. The closer this study came to the present, it could be seen that a look communicated more complex meanings, Influenced by periodic phases such as diversification, individualization, and eclecticism, and that while it could not be defined as any one look, various elements were expressed eclectically by being mixed and matched with each other, and it could utilize more natural forms, colors, and materials.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.51-60
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is analyze buying time use and it's influential factors of buying types. The major findings are follows: (1) Physiological time, household work time, earning time & leisure time are respectively similar to The Investigation of Korean Life Time(1991,1995). (2) Buying time of wives who perceived time deficit are shorter than those who did not perceive so. (3) Internet shopping time is 18minutes, direct visiting shopping time is 68minutes and those who directly visit shops pursued leisure effect. (4) Influential factors of internet shopping time are educational level, household work time, earning time & leisure time and direct visiting shopping time are husband's job, household work time, earning tile & leisure time.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.67-80
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• 1986

The use of intravenous solutions for fluid replacement has become an integral part of patient care, This widespread use of intravenous solutions has increased the risk of contamination that can lead to septicemia and phlebitis. The literature regarding contamination of in use intravenous solutions recommends a standard 24-hour time limit on the use of these fluids. But the desings of these studies did not incorporate a time variable related to contamination. In other studies, however, time was a manipulated variable: but data regarding the onset of contamination were conflicting. Because published reports conflict with regard to a time standard related to the use of intravenous therapy, additional empirical data are needed upon which to base the standards of care regulating use of intravenous therapy. This study investigated rate of contamination in simulated in-use intravenous solutions to obtain data from which to recomend a standard time period for the administration of intravenous solutions. In this study samples were drawn from 60 bottles of 5% D/W solution at predetermined time intervals over 48 hours and samples were inoculated to Thio-glychollate Broth. After 10 days' culturing in that Broth, samples were cultured on blood agar plates for 18∼48 hours to determine the rate of contamination. was found at all time Period, regardless of the presence or absence of nurse's gloving in the preparation of fluids, the location in which the experimentations were performed, the contamination level of surrounding air, or the length of time during which solutions were opened. Data from this study support the use of a 48-hour time period on which to base the standard involved in ready-to-use simple intravenous solutions without additives. In emergency departments and critical care areas where intravenous solutions are prepared in advance, the suggested time standard supported by the data generated from this study is 48 hours, not 24 hour. Data from this study support a 24-hour time standard for changing in-use intravenous solutions when the contamination results from the manipulation of intravenous infusion system by hospital personnel, or from some other exogenous sources during administration. Because contamination that does occur within 48 hours in intravenous solutions must be introduced from some exogenous sources, further empirical studies based on the identification of sources of contamination and factors that affect the rate of contamination, are needed to investigate the currently employed standard of intravenous therapy and to provide the patient with more efficient and safer intravenous thereapy.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.123-136
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to define the structure and characteristics of the time shared with parents and children. The three specific questions are asked. (1) How much time do parents and children share with? (2) What kind of effects do the demographic factors and the psychosocial factors have on the time shared with parents and children? (3) And how can the families be classified into different types according to the time shared with parents and children? For the empirically proved answers the 161 full0time housewife couples and the 174 wife employed couples in Seoul and Kyoungki-do are surveyed with a self reported time diary and a structured questionare. Such statistical methods as frequency percentage mean tobit analysis cluster analysis oneway ANOVA and Ducan's multiple range test are used to analize the data Main findings from this empirical study can be summarised like this. First the two largest parts of the time shared with parents and children are eating and TV atching. Second the eldest child's age degree of wife's education the number of children wife's employment status family income degree of the family cohesion the couple's attitude toward marriage and role salience are significantly related to the various kind of time shared with parents and children. Third the families are classified by the time shared with parents and children into three types. type 1: the family shared least time with type 2: the family shared passive leisure with type 3: the family shared active leisure with. Type 3 has very distinctive characteristics. This type of family's eldest child is youger than any other family's and this type of family has a full time housewife. And their family cohesion is higher and their couple's relationship is oriented more companionship.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.193-200
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• 2013

Construction duration in construction project is an important factor which affects project cost. Advanced countries have reduced project cost by time shortening. Even though domestic construction companies have tried to time shortening, they yet failed to find systematic method for time shortening. Typically, duration of structural framework is affected by stripping time of form. Therefore, it need to shorten the stripping time of form for time shortening of structural framework. In this study, specimens of high-early-strength concrete were manufactured with variety conditions and compressive strength was tested. This study proposed stripping time of side and slab forms using test results. The stripping time of form was shortened when using high-early-strength concrete in structural framework by the test results. The result of this study will be useful for time shortening of structural framework.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.861-871
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• 2005

This study was carried out to get more operational characteristics of Anoxic(anaerobic)-Oxic-Anoxic-Oxic $(AO)_2$ sequencing batch biofilm reactors (SBBRs) at the low TOC concentration, The operating time in anoxic (anaerobic) time to oxic time was I : I. Experiments were conducted to find the effects of the aeration time distribution on the organic matters and nutrients removal. Three lab-scale reactors were fed with synthetic wastewater based on glucose as carbon source. During studies, the operation mode was fixed. The first aeration time to the second aeration time in SBBR-I was 2 : 3, and those in SBBR-2 and SBBR-3 were I : 4 and 3 : 2, respectively. The organic removal efficiency didn't show large difference among three reactors of different aeration time distribution. However, from these study results, the optimum aeration time distribution in the first and the second aeration time for biological nutrient removal was shown as 3 : 2. The release of phosphorus was inhibited at the second non-aeration period because of the low TOC concentration and the nitrate produced by the nitrification at the first aeration period.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.3 s.89
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• pp.167-176
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• 2006

An minimum path algorithm for integrated networks with departure time constraints require considering arrival time of arriving mode, transfer time. waiting time, and departure time of next mode. Integrated network with diverse modes commonly include departure time constraints. Because public mode suck as train and airplane have fixed service schedule which provide passengers. This study developed the k-path algorithm in integrated network with time varying conditions and departure time constraints. We proposed the extended method based on entire path deletion method, and examined the application of the proposed algorithm through case study.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.254-261
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• 2003

In mold and die shops, NC machining process mainly affects the quality of the machined surface and the manufacturing time of molds and dies. The estimation of NC machining time is a prerequisite to measure the machining productivity and to generate a process schedule, which generally includes the process sequence and the completion time of each process. It is required to take into account dynamic characteristics in the estimation, such as the ac/deceleration of NC machine controllers. Intensive observations at start and end points of NC blocks show that a minimum feedrate, a key variable in a machining time model, has a close relation to a block distance, an angle between blocks, and a command feedrate. Thus, this study addresses regression models for the minimum feedrate estimation on short and long NC blocks considering these parameters. Furthermore, machining time estimation models by the four types of feedrate behaviors are suggested based on the estimated minimum feedrate. To show the validity of the proposed machining time model, the study compares the estimated with the actual machining time in the sculptured surface machining of several mold dies.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.87-98
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• 2016

A single machine scheduling problem for jobs with stochastic processing time is considered in this study. Shortest processing time (SPT) sequencing according to the expected processing times of jobs is optimal for schedules with minimal expected mean flow time when all the jobs arrive to be scheduled and their expected processing times are known. However, SPT sequencing according to the expected processing time may not be optimal for the minimization of the mean flow time when the actual processing times of jobs are known. This study evaluates the complexity of SPT sequencing through a comparison of the mean flow times of schedules based on the expected processing times and actual processing times of randomly generated jobs. Evaluation results show that SPT sequencing according to the expected flow time exhibits chaotic variation to the optimal mean flow time. The relative deviation from the optimal mean flow time increases as the number of jobs, processing time, or coefficient of variation increases.