• 농촌계획
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2012

This study aimed to investigate the images that affect general travel behavior and satisfaction of eco-tourists of Section seven of Jeju Olle-gil and to give eco-tourists preferred images to newly constructed eco-tour sections. Adjectives were selected to evaluate images, and for analysis, a survey was carried out with 132 persons who have toured 7 section of Jeju Olle-gil. On this survey, basic travel type, overall satisfaction, image before and after experience, age, gender, satisfaction level and accompanying type were inquired. 81(61.4%) knew section 7 of Jeju Olle-gil 'in advance', and 58(39.1%), which takes up the largest portion in this question, came to choose section 7 by a word of mouth. 95(71.9%) answered that they stayed 2 nights and 3 days, and 55(41.7%) answered that they stayed at a pension as accommodation. As for accompanying type, 34(25.7%) answered they accompanied family and relatives. As for the decision of visit, 60(45.5%) replied that they decided one month prior to the visit. And as for the purpose of visit, 63 (33.8%) replied they visited to appreciate nature. The adjectives that demonstrate overall satisfaction and significance level of the tourists were 'placid', 'refreshing', 'living', 'mountainous' and 'green'. As for the satisfaction level, people were satisfied with its environment, cleanliness level and direction boards. The types of section preferred by the tourists were clay pavements, followed by sand-masa soil mixture pavement and wooden deck pavement. 'Oidolgae' section was selected as the representative section, and 10:00a.m.~12:00p.m. was preferred as visiting time. And it is also proved that people were positive in appointing photo zones.

• 농촌계획
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to provide an objective insight for factors that affect people's visiting behavior to educational farms. Second, this study aims to identify the underlying dimensions representing motivations and constraints for visiting educational farms. Third, this study explores differences among the classified groups with respect to structural relationships of each construct. Finally, identifying strategies of educational farm-related organizations could develop to reinforce visit motivations, offset visit constraints and ultimately increase behavioral intention for potential possible visitors to revisit and recommend educational farms. Empirical results of the study suggest implications for promoting the current farm villages and markets with many stakeholders in agricultural industries. Nevertheless, there are some limitations as followed: first, despite the possibility of their effects, the study did not consider other factors, which could affect revisiting behavior such as destination image, experiencing attributes etc. Second, the study needs improvements through longitudinal research because the cross-sectional research could not rule out the alternative explanations. The directions for the future study are as follows: first, future study requires time series approach instead of cross sectional approach. Secondly, future study might utilize comparative study regarding regional characteristics of educational farms or a nation-wide approach. Thirdly, future study can suggest a combined educational farms considering practical educational farm cases. Lastly, it is considered that developing evaluation measures such as quality authentication system will contribute to educational farms' stabilization.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.153-166
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was planed to evaluate clinical status of the alopecia patients who had visited Korean medicine clinic. And the result from this study would provide a standard in Korean medical diagnostic and classification method of alopecia. Methods : Clinical records of 183 patients with alopecia seen from January 2004 to April 2005 at Korean medical clinic was examined. They were classified into 4 different types according to chief complains besides alopecia by 2 Korean medical doctors. Results and conclusions : We made clinical analysis of patients of alopecia from January 2004 to April 2005. Among the alopecia patients who visit Korean medical clinic, people age between 20 and 30 had high ratio. The duration from the recognition of initial hair loss to the time of the first visit to the Korean medical clinic was less than 12 months in 20.8%(38/138), and less than 60 months in 72.2% (132/183). The condition of alopecia was more worse than other alopecia patients who visit the west medical clinic. Also the ratio with increased temperature of face or scalp is chief complaint except alopecia in alopecia patients was high in men and the ratio with dysfunction of digestive system or chronic weakness was high in women. Among the incidence of alopecia, the androgenic alopecia was most in number; 43.7%(80/183) and the sex distribution showed 83 men and 100 women.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.242-253
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• 2012

This research aims to identify the effect of message design on university students' attitude toward the BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic) and find out its educational availability and implications in environment education. For this purpose, we conducted a survey on questionnaires answered by 244 students of S university at lunch time in the school restaurant with the imaginary scenario that it is required to increase the food price due to photovoltaic-equipment. The students were divided into 9 groups and according to whether the eco-friendly message components are offered and the different rate of a rise in the foods' price. In order to look over various aspects of attitudes, the questionnaires are subdivided into 2 parts according to the classification of attitudes; the preference as an cognitive-affective attitude and the intention of visit as an behavioral attitudes. The results of this study are summarized as follows; (1) The eco-friendly message design has a significant effect on students' attitude. (2) If given explanation including information regarding eco-friendly facility and marking eco-friendly' adject, it has an positive influence on students' preference and intention of visit. (3) It is more effective to offer the information about the reason why the cost increase than just explain the eco-friendly characteristics of object as the message design strategy to attract student's positive attitude. (4) Although it is required to burden a certain scale of cost, students show higher preference and intention of visit if given the eco-friendly message design.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.201-209
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• 2013

Objectives: The goal of this study was to perform an economic analysis of a primary stenting with drug-eluting stents (DES) compared with bare-metal stents (BMS) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) admitted through an emergency room (ER) visit in Korea using population-based data. Methods: We employed a cost-minimization method using a decision analytic model with a two-year time period. Model probabilities and costs were obtained from a published systematic review and population-based data from which a retrospective database analysis of the national reimbursement database of Health Insurance Review and Assessment covering 2006 through 2010 was performed. Uncertainty was evaluated using one-way sensitivity analyses and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Results: Among 513 979 cases with AMI during 2007 and 2008, 24 742 cases underwent stenting procedures and 20 320 patients admitted through an ER visit with primary stenting were identified in the base model. The transition probabilities of DES-to-DES, DES-to-BMS, DES-to-coronary artery bypass graft, and DES-to-balloon were 59.7%, 0.6%, 4.3%, and 35.3%, respectively, among these patients. The average two-year costs of DES and BMS in 2011 Korean won were 11 065 528 won/person and 9 647 647 won/person, respectively. DES resulted in higher costs than BMS by 1 417 882 won/person. The model was highly sensitive to the probability and costs of having no revascularization. Conclusions: Primary stenting with BMS for AMI with an ER visit was shown to be a cost-saving procedure compared with DES in Korea. Caution is needed when applying this finding to patients with a higher level of severity in health status.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2019

Objectives : This clinical trial is performed to investigate the effect of improving the hypersensitivity reaction and the safety of powdered ethanol extract Codonopsis lanceolata (S. et Z.) Trautv. for allergic patients. Methods : This study was randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. 60 allergic rhinitis subjects were randomly assigned to Treatment group(n=30) and Control group(n=30). They were received the test substance or placebo in their $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ visit, and took it once a day, 1 powder bag per 1 time, for 8 weeks. The freeze dried powder of Codonopsis lanceolata (S. et Z.) Trautv. was mixed with 30% ethanol and the filtrate was collected thrice with constant stirring of the mixture. The placebo was prepared in the same form as the test substance by replacing with corn starch. Total Nasal Symptom Score(TNSS) questionnaires and laboratory tests were performed at the screening and last visit to evaluate the efficacy. And to assess safety, vital signs and adverse events were confirmed at every visit. Statistical analysis about the result was performed using SAS 9.4. Results : In treatment group, there was a significant decrease in B cell after taking the test substance(p<0.005). And there was a statistically significant difference between groups(p<0.005). Changes in nasal symptoms were not statistically significant between groups, and both groups showed statistically significant differences before and after the test(p<0.0001). Also there were no adverse events associated with the clinical trial product. Conclusions : This clinical trial showed that Codonopsis lanceolata (S. et Z.) Trautv. extract was helpful in improving the hypersensitivity reaction in allergic patients without significant side effects.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.168-174
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• 2016

Purpose: The management and clinical course in pediatric patients who had ingested foreign body were investigated retrospectively to evaluate the frequency and factor associated with successful removal of fishbone foreign body. Methods: Based on the medical records of patients younger than 15 years old who visited emergency room because of foreign body ingestion from January 1999 to December 2012, the authors reviewed clinical characteristics including type of ingested foreign bodies, time to visits, managements and complications. Results: Fishbone (50.1%) was the most common ingested foreign body in children. Among 416 patients with ingested fishbone, 245 (58.9%) were identified and removed using laryngoscope, rigid or flexible endoscope from pharynx or upper esophagus by otolaryngologists and pediatric gastroenterologists. The kind of ingested fish bone in children was diverse. The mean age of identified and removed fishbone group was 7.39 years old, and higher than that of unidentified fishbone group (5.81 years old, p<0.001). Identified and removed fishbone group had shorter time until hospital visit than the unidentified fishbone group (2.03 vs. 6.47 hours, p<0.001). No complication due to ingested fishbone or procedure occurred. Conclusion: Older age and shorter time from accident to hospital visit were the different factors between success and failure on removal of ingested fish bone in children.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.165-178
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• 2020

Objectives This survey study is designed to check the awareness and satisfaction of Korean herbal medicine in patients suffering from acute traffic accidents. Methods From May 1 to 20, 2020, patients who visited the hospital within 7 days after the accident and received prescription of Korean herbal medicine for the first-time symptoms were selected. Survey was conducted 10 days after the first visit to confirm the perception of Korean herbal medicine and expected to be used as a prior study to improve the quality of Korean medicine led by Korean herbal medicine. Results Most patients answered that they were aware of the prescribed Korean herbal medicine's dosage and treatment effects. 65% of the patients said they would like to receive other forms of prescription if possible. Most patients answered that portability is convenient and tastes better than normal. 48% of the respondents said that it was the first to time to take Korean herbal medicine, and 68% said that they were willing to take the Korean herbal medicine later. At the time of the first visit, the health condition assessed using EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) was 46.84, but 10 days after the treatment began, it increased significantly to 61.93. Conclusions The improvement of symptoms and high satisfaction with Korean medicine medical services contributed to the patient's willingness to visit the Korean medicine hospital again and to respond that they were willing to take further medication. EQ-VAS elevation suggests that overall patients' subjective health conditions have improved since treatment.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.95-112
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• 2003

Objectives： Oral health care program for the elementary school children (ESOHCP) should be met the first priority because dental caries are highly sensitive and prevalent among them. This study was performed to enhance the efficiency of ESOHCP, and their oral health promotion. Methods： The Subjects were 346 students (3rd grade 163, 6th grade 185) of one elementary school in Busan. Dental IQ and actual oral health status； the decayed, mixing and filling teeth were checked through questionnaire and oral health examination from April to June 2002. Dental IQ was presented out of one hundred, and data analysis was done using SAS (ver 8.1) program. Results： The students' cognitive level about the causative and preventive factor of dental caries was relatively high. However, the practical aspects of preventive behavior - tooth brushing； three times per day (20％), three minutes per time (22％), oral health examination； one time per three months (10％) left much to be desired. And, only 27％ of the subjects had experienced in school oral health education. The mean level of dental IQ was 79 out of 100, and 51 ％ and 42％ of them had the decayed and teeth with filling, respectively, with the rate of DMFT 82％, DT 43％, FT 57％. The level of dental IQ was higher in case of having his (her) own tooth brush (p＝0.072), standard tooth brushing (p<0.001) three times per day, post meal, three minutes per time, present experience of oral health examination (p<0.001) and dental clinic visit (p<0.001). The grade of caries was more serious in case of 6th grade (p＝0.059), an absence of his (her) own tooth brush (p＝ 0.090), present experience of oral health examination (p＝0.021), and an absence of regular dental clinic visit (p＝0.003). The frequency of oral health examination (γ＝ 0.620), tooth brushing； times per day (γ＝0.445), post meal (γ＝0.355), expending times per brushing (γ＝0.352), right cognition to the treatment of caries (γ＝0.401), positive attitude to dental treatment (γ＝0.387), the frequency of dental clinic visit for the past one year (γ＝0.152) showed significant correlation with dental IQ. In the multivariate analysis, dental IQ was influenced by the frequency of oral health examination, right cognition to the cause of caries, times of teeth brushing per day, right cognition to the treatment of caries, etc., with adjusted R2＝0.857. Conclusion： Though the students' cognitive level about the causative and preventive factor of dental caries was high, the practical aspects of preventive behavior left much to be desired. Ant the current ESOHCP considered to be still inefficient. However, frequent dental visits had apparent correlation with hish level of dental IQ. The specialized and practical program should be needed for the efficient ESOHCP. Harmonized effort from educational, health and dental society is essential.

• 대한간호
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.59-76
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• 1997

The purposes of this study were to identify the contents and satisfaction level of the patients received home care service, and to compare the differences of the contents by the characteristics of the patients. Seventy eight patients received home care service from 1st Jan. to 30th Sept., 1996 were data-collected to analyze the contents and outcomes of home care service. Sixty-nine patients currently receiving home care service were participated to evaluate the satisfaction level of home care service. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, $x^2$ test, and ANOVA by SPSS $PC^+$ program. The findings of this study were as follow : 1. The contents & outcomes of home care service 1) The mean age of the subjects was 64.4 years: 58% of them were female. Those who living in Seoul were 83% and the rest of the subjects was living in Kyung-Gi. 2) The subjects who had one diagnosis were 41%. Over 60% of them had the disease of neurologic & sensory system. 3) The mean number of visit was 6. Only one visit was 22%. The mean time of care was 79 minutes. Duration of visit from 31 minutes to 60 minutes were 47 %. The subjects who terminated the visit because of death were 67.3%. 62% of the persons who referred them to the home care service were nurses. 4) The pain after the service was more relieved than before. The amounts of intake, the degree of bed sore, edema & fracture after the service were more improved than before. Health status after the service was improved in general. 5) There were significant differences between initial and last conscious level in tracheostomy care & oxygen inhalation care. There was significant difference between initial and last degree of activity in blood sugar check. 6) There were significant differences on the number of visit in assessment of the status, evaluation & observation, vital sign check, skin care, injection, medication, bed sore care, colostomy care, relaxation therapy for pain relief, patient education, family care, exercise therapy, position change, supply of disinfected equipments and infection control. There were significant differences on visiting time in nasogastric tube care, drainage tube care and oxygen inhalation care. 2. The satisfaction level of home care service 1) 50% were male. Over 60 years of the subjects was 61 %. Those who living in Seoul were 82%. 2) The subjects who had one or two diagnosis were 32% respectively. 55% of the persons who referred them to the home care service were nurses. 3) Total level of satisfaction of home care service was very high. 4) The older the age, the higher the satisfaction level. The larger the number of visit, the higher the satisfaction level. 5) The subjects who were in cloudy state were higher level of satisfaction than in alert or coma state. The subjects whose activity were normal or who needed assistance were higher level of satisfaction than bedridden or immobilized subjects. These findings suggested that the patients had substantial need for posthospital care. They tended to be elderly and to have experienced the wide range of health problems associated with aging, chronicity, including limitations in activities, and other serious health problems. So, the nationwide home care systems beyond the limit of demonstration program by local association and the development of the effective financial system of home based health care are necessary for the clients who are in need of home care.