• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.18-22
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• 2017

It takes lots of time and labor if a worker have to measure the water quality at a certain but designated time every day in an un-automated aqua farm. In addition, if the equipment is soaked in the sea water consistently, it will be contaminated by diverse floating matters and barnacles, and it often becomes mal-functional within 2~3 months. Therefore, we need to develop a system with which the sensed data could be checked in real time and operated automatically, while preventing the contamination of the sensor, a crucial component for water quality measuring equipment, as much as possible, and increasing the replacement cycle. We have developed a non-cleaning water quality measuring equipment and its software which are used in the fishery household of offshore aqua farms. By providing the workers with a mobile application which has a function of monitoring the water quality in real time, they can check the situation directly without going to the fishery household.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.125-139
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• 1998

This study investigates work loads and coping strategies of the married female production workers(MFPW). The data of 370 MFPW in manufacturing sector in Taegu are collected by using a questionare in August 1995 The findings of this study are as follow: 1) The results of objective work loads assessed time dairy show that the average working hours is 14.25 hours during weekdays. The respondents spend 11.5 hours and 2.75 hours on doing paid and household work respectively,. The shortage of phisiological and leisure time due to spending excessively long time on work. 2) MFPW perceive the severe subjective work loads in the areas of personal family and social life. The perceived burden from paid work itself is relatively low due to the nature of their job. 3) The coping strategies MFPW actually adopted are limited mostly to those from an individual domain such as shortening the time for sleep leisure or household labor.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.73-91
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in home management part in the home economics textbooks for middle school from the 1st to the 7th curriculum period. The part of home management in the all of home economics textbooks published in every curriculum period was analyzed using several external criteria of textbook. The major findings of this study were as follows : 1. The part of home management was divided into even specific areas including 'definition and process of home management'. 'time management'. 'household labor/work management'. 'family financial management'.'purchasing'. and 'consumer protection'. 2. The part of home management has been included in the middle school home economics textbooks since the 1st curriculum period. The proportion of this part in the whole textbook varied with range from 5.1% to 31.8%. 3. The areas emphasized in the beginning of curriculum period were 'family financial management'and 'household labor/work management'. and 'utilization of family resource and environment management'were the areas emphasized in the later curriculum period. 4. The titles of the middle and small unit have begun to use recent words and have represented the including contents since the 4th curriculum period. 5. The numbers of illustrations. tables. pictures. and activities have increased since the 6th curriculum period. 6. Other unrelated areas such as computer and career preparation were included in the home management part in the 1st. 2nd. and 5th curriculum period.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.279-299
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• 2015

This study examines the impact of Long-Term Care Insurance(LTCI) on family caregivers(especially focused on female household members) labor supply in South Korea. When public care and informal care are substitutes, LTCI will change allocation of time of family caregivers to spend more time to paid work. The impact of LTCI on labor supply depends on each country's institutional level of public care services. If public care can not substitute for informal care, labor supply of family caregivers will not rise significantly. The conclusions of vigorous empirical study from western countries' are incompatible and problem of endogeneity in terms of methodology has been raised consistently. The dataset of this study are used the third and ninth waves of Korea Welfare Panel. As a result, the introduction of LTCI had no effect on labor supply of household members. Robust findings suggest the positive effects of caregiving on labor market outcomes in simple comparison t-test, but not in fixed-effect regression. Compared with western countries, South Korea's public care services can be interpreted as a supplement to only part that remained at the level does not substitute informal care. These findings may suggest that if LTCI become much more prevalent in the future, senior citizens and family members will be able to choose the LTCI arrangement that best suits their needs.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.165-186
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• 2012

Studies on time-use have generally concentrated on the amount of time used by each member of a household in Korea. The quality of family relationships could be associated with the amount and types of interactions between family members. This study examined the time that adults spend with their family members on various activities. The purpose of this study is to explore a typology of family time and investigate the characteristics of each type. The data source was the 2009 Time-Use Survey conducted by the Korean National Statistics Office. The people involved in each activity were surveyed for the first time in the 2009 survey in Korea. The data from this study included 10,902 diaries that were filled on weekdays by married adults from ages 20 to 59 years. Data from rural households were excluded. Time use was divided into three categories: family meals, household work and family leisure time. These activities were analyzed using t-test, chi-square analysis and cluster analysis. Family time was classified into four types based on three categories. The four types were named "leisure sharing", "household work sharing", "overall sharing" and "non-sharing". The most common type was non-sharing. The characteristics of each type depended on gender and paid work time. Based on these results, family and labor policies should be developed to increase the work-life balance. Policies that focus on men over 40 years are especially recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.283-309
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• 1992

This study examines work and family life of married women employed in a manufacturing industry. Data were gathered from the use of fact-to-face interview method from a sample of 230 married working women. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows : (1) With high rates of change of job, most of the respondents remain unstable in their working situation. It was shown that the important factors influencing job satisfaction of married women are women's life cycle, degree of contribution of wife's income toward total family income, and husband's attitude toward wife's empolyment. The degree of job satisfaction is also strongly influenced by labor structural factors such as pay, work environment and fringe benefits. (2) The amount of household labor time was limited by job-related factors rather than by family-related factors, because among these working women employment itself is necessarily for their subsistance. (3) It was shown that wives participated more actively in their marital communications than their husbands. Most of the respondents showed the syncratic type of the decision making patterns, but this results does not necessarily mean wives exercised an equal power with their husbands. The economic factors and the emotional instability of the husband are the ones mostly influencing marital conflicts of the employed women. It was found that the respondents easily revealed marital conflicts related to personal problems of their husbands(such as extramarital affairs, gambling and alchoholism). However, they tried to overcome the structural conflicts related to authoritarian attitudes of their husbands or economic problems without any complaints. (4) Mothers have difficulty in controlling their adolescent children, due to the weakening of parental authority. Although most of the respondents perceived their employment as having negative impacts on their children, they still have high expectations toward their children. Inspite of low degree of father role expectations and facther role performance of their husbands, most of the respondents anticipated expressive roles as well as traditionally instrumental role from their husbands. Finally, these findings would help us determine family welfare policies in Korea. Improvements in paid and household labor structure of married women should be accomplished at the national level. Also, the acting programs for parent education, marital councelling services, and law enforcement for equal employment between men and women should be provided in our society.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.1 s.79
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• pp.129-140
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to understand the labor division between men's housework and market work and to research the change of men's contribution to housework. And it was also examined what kinds of valuables work on a change in men's market work and housework. The information about men's change in the labor division was collected from the biggest 5 news papers in Korea for last five years for this study. And either men's new participation trend to household work did. Words searched for this study were men, labor, family, home, housewife, work, household work, father etc. Korean men have experienced a overloaded breadwinner role and have worked most in the world since 1960s. But Korean men's working time was continuously decreased a little every year. As Korean Companies had fired many worker during IMP economic crisis period, Korean men had to work more than before because of decreased fellows and they should have concentrated on their work at the sacrifice of private life and family-sharing time. On the other hand, some men were started to participate to do housework as a results of long-unemployment and early retirement after this periods. 5 day working system be in forced gradually since 2003 especially make men come back home and interest on housework. So Korean men's housework participation is gradually increasing by the practical application of sex-equitable politics such as 5 day working system and men's suspension regime for baby care. father's increased participation to children education and care, men's new family-oriented life style, dual-sexuality education system, and socially changed perception to husband housemaker. These interrelated trends demands us to shape a new labor division pattern in the family that make change the breadwinner/homemaker conception by the gender role. Now, all of family, men, women, and children have to join housework. It would help women, men, and all families make more human and equitable relationship.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1996

Researchers have largely overlooked the direct effects of household responsibil-ities on earnings in stead focusing attention the effect of woman's employment on the division of household labor or on family life. Given that a substantial proportion of married women already work outside the home and their numbers are likely to be increae to some extent those concerned with the well-being of employed-married women and of their households may focus their attention on how best to provide good policy to manage woman's dual roles. The purposes of the study are as follows; 1) To find out factors which affect women's housework time. 2) To examine the relationship between housework and market work. Data are obtained from 259 households with employed-married women living in Seoul. The results of this study are as follows: 1) women's wages are reduced by time spent on housework. Women's housework time is insignificantly related to women's wages. 2) women's occupation statues is signific ntly positively related to their wages. 3)women's age and other family income are generally negatively related to their housework time,. The results of this study indicate that housework has a direct effect on wages by reducing the amount of energy and efforts available for market work lowering economic status of women.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.85-93
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to assess gender differences in the quantity and quality of leisure time. It uses time diary for a nationally representative sample of Koreans(10 years old over) collected in 2004 by KNSO. This time use surveys provide information about a primary activity and a secondary activity (that is simultaneous activity accompanying the primary activity). The results was that married women experience less of leisure time and more contaminated leisure time by a secondary activity(especially household labor) than married men. This research presents that men and women have different quantity and quality of leisure time, and gender discrepancies persist in the experience of leisure time.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.161-182
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• 2002

The self-employment can provide work time flexibility. Work time flexibility would be a critical factor for married females' labor supply considering allocation of their time to market work and household work. This study used the 1998 and 2000 Korea Labor and Income Panel Survey for the empirical analyses. Applying the bivariate probit model with partial observability, this study analyzed factors related to the choice of participation in labor market and choice of self-employment. Also, this study examined the effects of marriage and the presence of younger children on changes in decisions related to labor supply using the multinomial logit model: exit from the labor market, increasing and decreasing work hours. The presence of the younger children showed a significantly negative effect on the participation in labor market while positive, but insignificant, effect on self-employment. Compared with females working for others, self-employers without employees and unpaid family workers are less likely to exit labor market rather than increasing work hours. The self-employment would be a good alternative to evade females' career interruption and therefore to enhance the potential human resources.