• 제목/요약/키워드: tiller development

검색결과 106건 처리시간 0.023초

A SURVEY ON THE UTILIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY

  • Lee, Y.B.;Shin, S.Y.;Oh, I.S.;Kim, H.J.;Kim, B.G.
    • 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.II
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    • pp.446-459
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    • 2000
  • This study was carried out in order to find out an effective machinery utilization strategy by conducting a survey on utilization and maintenance of agricultural machinery. The survey showed that the no. of utilization hours for power tiller in a year was 190.2hrs, 208.6hrs for tractor, 59.1hrs for rice transplanter, 74.0 hrs for combine, 44.6 cultivator and 254.4hrs for 4.4hrs for grain dryer. The period covered the time the machine was until it became unserviceable. The results are as follows: 10.0yrs for power tiller, 7.5yrs for tractor, 7.4yrs for rice transplanter and 5.4yrs for combine. This indicate that the actual period of use for power tiller and rice transplanter was longer than the expected period of duration years so there is a need for adjustment. The factors considered by the farmers for purchasing agricultural machine were: farm size(32%), machine operation (26.0%), performance(l4.0%) and post or after sales service(12.6%), according to the survey. It showed that repair cost rate in a year was classified into major agricultural machine; 4.8% for combine; 3.9% for tractor; 3.5% for rice transplanter; 2.0% for power tiller; 1.6% for grain dryer; and 1.2% for cultivator. The reasons for poor maintenance were insufficient after sales service(25%) and difficulty in buying parts(75%) because of the unavailability of parts in local shops(55%), imported models(30%) and outmoded model(15%).

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경운기의 고속 로터리 경운시스템 개발에 관한 연구 (Study on the Development of High-speed Rotary Tilling System for Power Tiller)

  • 이승규;김성태;우종구;김재영
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제26권5호
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    • pp.423-430
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study is to develop high-speed rotary tillage system for a power tiller by improving the rotary blade and the power train of transmission. Mechanical structure of gear train of rotary drive of conventional power tiller was simplified so that power can be transmitted directly from second shaft to tilling speed change shaft by rotating freely the transfer gear which changes the direction of rotation of shafts using needle bearing installed into middle shaft. A new gear train suitable for the single-edged rotary blade and high-speed rotary drive was developed with the rotational speed of rotary shaft faster than 7.5% at 1st-speed and 1.4% at 2nd-speed the one of conventional system by changing the numbers of teeth of gears of middle shaft, tilling speed change shaft and PTO shaft. Using the developed gear train for high-speed rotary drive, field tests were performed to compare tillage performances by the developed single-edged blade and by the conventional double-edged blade. The results showed that the performances by the single-edged blade compared with the one by the double-edged blade was improved about 18% in field capacity, about 34% in fuel consumption, and 9.4% in soil crushing ratio. Therefore, it may be concluded that tillage performance by the single-edged blade was improved compared to the one by the conventional blade. Evaluation of the developed system consisting of single-edged blade and gear train for high-speed rotary drive in field revealed that tillage performance of the developed system was similar to the one of field test conducted using the system consisting of single-edged blade and gear train for rotary drive of conventional power tiller However, considering the higher cone index of the upland field where evaluation was carried out compare to the one of the ordinary paddy field, it may be concluded that tillage performance of the developed rotary tilling system better than the one of conventional system.

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Effect of Shading on Rice Growth Characteristics Under Different Temperature Conditions

  • Zun Phoo Wai;Min-Ji Lee;Woon-Ha Hwang
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제69권1호
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    • pp.15-24
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    • 2024
  • Environmental factors play an important role in crop growth and development. In recent years, climate change has become a challenge that limits environmental factors. Light is an important environmental factor for photosynthesis in rice. In addition, temperature is one of the most important factors for rice production; thus, a 1℃ increase in temperature because of climate change can affect rice growth and development. Therefore, we investigated the effect of shading on the growth characteristics of rice under different temperature conditions from the vegetative stage to the flowering stage. Plants were grown at three different temperatures: 26℃/16℃ for 21℃, 29℃/19℃ for 24℃, and 22℃/32℃ for 27℃ in a phytotron. A 55% shade treatment was applied after 10 days of transplanting until the flowering stage. Plant height was not affected by the shading treatment. In the maximum tiller number response to shading, a lower tiller number and growth speed of tiller was found in the 27℃ condition. Among leaf characteristics, shading increased the flag leaf area, length, width, and effective leaf area; however, it decreased the leaf number on the main stem, especially at 27℃. In terms of stem characteristics, shading affected culm wall thickness in both varieties. Finally, regarding the panicle characteristics, lower panicle numbers, spikelet numbers per panicle, primary numbers, and secondary numbers per panicle were found under the shading treatment. Most of the desirable characteristics were affected by the shading treatment at 27℃. Overall, these results indicated that shading had a greater effect on rice plant growth at high temperature.

Automatic Estimation of Tillers and Leaf Numbers in Rice Using Deep Learning for Object Detection

  • Hyeokjin Bak;Ho-young Ban;Sungryul Chang;Dongwon Kwon;Jae-Kyeong Baek;Jung-Il Cho ;Wan-Gyu Sang
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.81-81
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    • 2022
  • Recently, many studies on big data based smart farming have been conducted. Research to quantify morphological characteristics using image data from various crops in smart farming is underway. Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. Much research has been done to predict and model rice crop yield production. The number of productive tillers per plant is one of the important agronomic traits associated with the grain yield of rice crop. However, modeling the basic growth characteristics of rice requires accurate data measurements. The existing method of measurement by humans is not only labor intensive but also prone to human error. Therefore, conversion to digital data is necessary to obtain accurate and phenotyping quickly. In this study, we present an image-based method to predict leaf number and evaluate tiller number of individual rice crop using YOLOv5 deep learning network. We performed using various network of the YOLOv5 model and compared them to determine higher prediction accuracy. We ako performed data augmentation, a method we use to complement small datasets. Based on the number of leaves and tiller actually measured in rice crop, the number of leaves predicted by the model from the image data and the existing regression equation were used to evaluate the number of tillers using the image data.

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수도(水稻)의 등숙생리(登熟生理)에 관(關)한 연구 -II 진흥(振興)과 IR667의 경별(莖別) 등숙분석(登熟分析) (Studies on Ripening Physiology of Rice Plant -II Analysis of Ripening Structure at Tiller Level in Jinheung and IR667)

  • 박훈;권항광
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.75-82
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    • 1972
  • 등숙기간(登熟期間)(출수전(出穗前) 10일(日)부터 출수후(出穗後) 30일(日)까지)의 기상요인(氣象要因)의 등숙율(登熟率)에 주는 영향(影響)은 군락단위(群落單位)나 그 군락(群落)의 경단위(莖單位)에서 동일(同一)하다는 가설(假說)을 제기(提起) 검토(檢討)한 결과긍정(結果肯正)되었으며 경별(莖別) 등숙구조(登熟構造)를 분석(分析)하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 등숙적온(登熟適溫)(등숙(登熟)에 지장없는 등숙기간(登熟期間)의 평균기온(平均氣溫))은 진흥(振興)에서 $21^{\circ}C$ IR667-수원 214에서 $22^{\circ}C$였다. 2. 최소등숙일사량(最少登熟日射量)(등숙(登熟)에 충분(充分)한 등숙기간(登熟期間)의 최소평균일사량(最少平均日射量) $cal\;cm^{-2}\;day^{-1}$)은 진흥(振興)에서 240보다 크지 않고 IR677에서 270보다 크다. 3. 진흥(振興)은 주간(主稈)얼자의 제(第)1 분얼경까지 주간(主稈)의 등숙율(登熟率)과 같았으나 IR667은 주간(主稈) 제(第) 4얼자부터 등숙률(登熟率)이 감소(減少)하며 주간(主稈)의 입수(粒數)가 IR667에서 더욱 많으므로 IR667의 수량(收量)은 주간비율(主稈比率)을 높임으로서 이룩될 수 있다. 4. 수원(水原)에서 최종출수한계일(最終出穗限界日)은 진흥(振興)은 8월30일이고 IR667은 8월25일로 나타났다.

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맥류의 분벽별 생육상 및 생산능력의 변이에 관한 연구 (Growing Process of Tillers in Wheat and Barley and Its Contribution to Grain Production)

  • 남윤일;하용웅
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.115-121
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    • 1983
  • 점파 조건하에서 맥류 분벽의 발생과 유무효화, 분벽 벽자간 유수의 분화 발육, 질소 함유율의 변이 및 생산능력에 관하여 조사하였든 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 주간과 1차의 1, 2, 003 분벽은 분벽 최성기까지 거의 100% 발생하였으나 004 분벽은 60-88%정도 발생하였고, 2차 분벽은 발생 비율도 낮고 품종간 차도 컸다. 2. 단위면적당 수수를 구성하는 유효분벽의 비는 소맥에서는 주간이 100%, 1차의 1, 002는 90-95% 003 분벽은 70-85%이었고 004 및 1P분벽은 8-49%였으며, 대맥도 주간 및 1차의 1,002 분벽은 소맥과 비슷한 정도였으나 고위 분벽의 유효화는 소맥에 비하여 낮았다. 3. 분벽별 엽의 출현은 소맥에서는 주간 7엽위부근까지는 동신엽 이론대로 증가하였으나 그 이상의 엽위에서는 엽의 출현에 조만이 인정되었고 엽수도 이론치보다 벽자에서는 1엽 정도 더 출현되었다. 그러나 대맥에서는 이론치와 차가 인정되지 않았다. 4. 유수의 분화, 발육은 품종에 따라 또 분벽 차위에 따라 현저한 차이가 있었으며 그 차이는 대맥보다 소맥이 더욱컸다. 5. 출수 및 개화기는 주간이 가장 빠르고 분벽들은 주간에 비하여 벽자에 따라 1-6일 정도 지연되었는데, 개화기는 출수기에 비하여 분벽간에 더 큰 차이가 있는 경향이었다. 6. 소맥 엽신의 질소 함유량은 생육초기에 높고, 생육이 진전되면서 감소하였으며, 벽자간에는 고위 분벽의 엽신일수록 높았다. 7. 단위면적당 전종실중에 기여하는 각 분벽의 비율은 소맥에서는 주간과 1차의 1, 002 분벽간에는 큰 차이없이 각각 약 20-26%를 점유하였으나, 대맥은 주간의 기여도가 가장커서 전종실중에 대하여 약 ⅓, 다음은 1, 2, 003 분벽의 순으로, 수량 구성의 주체는 주간과 1차의 1, 2, 3호 분벽이었다.

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광도 변화에 따른 다산벼의 분얼경 발생 특성 (Characteristics of Tillering as Affected by Light intensity in Dasanbyeo, an Indica/Japonica High Yielding Rice Cultivar)

  • 김덕수;양원하;신진철;김제규;류점호
    • 한국농림기상학회지
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    • 제4권3호
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    • pp.151-158
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    • 2002
  • 우리나라에서 개발된 다수성 벼인 다산벼는 단위면적당 수수가 자포니카 품종에 비해 적어서 수량에 제한요인이 되고 있어 다수성 벼의 분얼특성을 구명 하고자 1999년 작물시험장 인공기상연구동에서 Indica$\times$Japonica 인 다산벼와 자포니카 품종인 화성벼를 공시하고, 광 강도를 220$\mu$㏖/s/$m^2$, 600$\mu$㏖/s/$m^2$, 1220 $\mu$㏖/s/$m^2$로 처리하여 다수성 벼의 수량 향상을 위한 품종 육성 및 재배 기술 개발의 기초 자료를 제공하고자 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1 광도에 따른 경수 증가는 220$\mu$㏖/s/$m^2$에서는 다산벼가 화성벼보다 빨랐으며, 600$\mu$㏖/s/$m^2$에서는 비슷하였고, 1220$\mu$㏖/s/$m^2$에서는 다산벼가 화성벼보다 경수 증가 속도가 늦어, 다산벼가 약광하에서 광합성량 및 광 이용효율이 높을 것이라는 것을 시사하였다. 2. 분얼경 발생은 220$\mu$㏖/s/$m^2$~1220$\mu$㏖/s/$m^2$에서 1차 분얼경이 다산벼는 5~7개, 화성벼는 2~7개로 다산벼가 화성벼보다 변이가 적었고, 2차 분얼경은 다산벼가 2~13개, 화성벼가 2~12개로 두 품종의 변이 정도가 비슷하였다. 3. 광도에 따른 분얼경 최초 발생시기는 다산벼, 화성벼가 1220$\mu$㏖/s/$m^2$에서는 10, 7일, 600$\mu$㏖/s/$m^2$에서는 6, 4일, 220$\mu$㏖/s/$m^2$에서는 이앙후 각각 18일로 두 품종 모두 늦어, 약광은 유묘기에 분화되었던 분얼아를 휴면으로 유도할 수 있음을 시사하였다. 4. 유효경비율은 1220~220 $\mu$㏖/s/$m^2$에서 다산벼는 47~55%, 화성벼는 100~72%로 다산벼가 화성벼보다 낮았다. 이것은 다산벼는 무효분얼이 많다는 것을 시사하는 것으로 품종 육성시 유효경비율을 높여야 할 것이다.