• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2003

With increasing population densities in cities, underground facilities and entertainment locations are proliferating at a rapid pace in efforts to maximize the use of land. The purpose of this study is to evaluate CO concentration level of subway stations having underground platforms in Busan Metropolitan City, from September to November 2000, over seven times. The places of inquiry include Yonsan-dong station, Somyon station, Busan station, Nampo-dong station and Dusil station. The samplings were conducted at three points of each station, i.e. gates, ticket gates, and platforms. The component of CO concentration is the main elements of indoor air quality evaluation. The total concentrations and average concentrations of CO were the higher at the Somyon station. The distribution of CO concentrations at each station, generally was higher at gate than ticket gates and platforms. The I/O ratios(I-platforms, 0-gates) were expressed highly than 1 at the Yonsan-dong station, Busan station, Nampo-dong station and were lower than 1 at the others.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is designed to estimate the air quality of subway stations that have the underground platforms in Pusan Metropolitan City, from September to November 2000, over seven times. The subjects include Yonsan-dong station, Somyon station, Pusan station, Nampo-dong station, and Tushil station. The samplings were conducted at three points of each station, i.e. gate, ticket gates, and platforms. The major materials for analysis were CO, NO, NO$_2$, and $O_3$. The experiment was conducted at 7:00 pm with KIMOTO HS-seven Handy sampler and Tedlar Bag of SKC INC(U.S.A). In order to more fully understand station environments, we also measured temperature at each point. The results showed that $O_3$ average concentration at Yonsan-dong station was higher than others with 38~51 ppb. The average concentration of NO was high at ticket gate and platform at Somyon station(119 ppb, 122 ppb), Nampo-dong station(102 ppb, 100 ppb). These results show that the air pollution of stations with underground shopping malls was higher than others. At Somyon station having a junction station, NO and NO$_2$ concentration level of platform-2(noncrowded) was higher than platform-1(crowded). This is most likely due to the accumulation of air pollutants and inadequate ventilation systems.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.207-215
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to estimate the air quality of subway stations having underground platforms in Busan Metropolitan City, from September to November 2000, over seven times. The places of the investigation include Yonsan-dong station, Somyon station, Busan station, Nampo-dong station, and Dusil station. Samplings were conducted at three points in each station, i.e. gates, ticket gates, and platforms. CO, NO, $NO_2$, and $O_3$ were the main components of air for this analysis. In order to more fully understand station environments, we also measured an air temperature at each point. The results showed that the $O_3$ average concentration of Yonsan-dong station was higher than others with 38~51 ppb. The average concentration of NO was high at the ticket gate and platform at Somyon station (119 ppb, 122 ppb) and Nampo-dong station (102 ppb, 100 ppb). These results show that the air pollution of stations with underground shopping malls were higher than others. At Somyon station having a junction station, NO and $NO_2$ concentration levels of platform-2 (noncrowded) were higher than platform-1 (crowded). This is most likely due to the accumulation of air pollutants and inadequate ventilation systems. To find the relationship of the indoor (platform) and outdoor (gate), we analyzed the I/O ratio. The averages of CO and $O_3$ were both higher than one: 1.16 and 1.82, respectively. In the correlations between each material and the others, NO vs $NO_2$ was the highest with R=0.63. In the correlations between indoor and outdoor, $O_3$ was the highest with R=0.64.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 D
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• pp.729-731
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• 2000

RF-ID system is being used in such diverse applications as access control, highway toll collection, personnel identification, and subway system. Especially for subway system that typically see high volumes of passenger at specific times of the days. it's critical to find a way to collect fares without unnecessarily delaying passengers. In the study, we discuss the possibility of removing all ticket gate machines in stations. This paper presents the discrimination method of card group for subway station without enter and exit gates using RF-ID system.