• 제목/요약/키워드: tibia length

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한국 재래닭의 부화 후 성장단계별 넙다리뼈와 정강뼈 성장에 관한 연구 (The growth stage study on the femur and tibia of Korean native chicken after hatching)

  • 태현진
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제38권3호
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    • pp.181-188
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    • 2015
  • Skeletal development of chicken has been widely discussed in industrial forums and various research reports. However, these studies were emphasis on the commercial chicken strains for improve egg and meat production whereas the skeletal quiet remains as a potential weak link related to facilitating in the physical support of heavier carcasses at ever younger ages. For that, the study of standardization of skeletal development is important but it was rarely reported in Korean native chicken (KNC). The study was investigated the skeletal characteristics of KNC for international standardization. We studied in KNC at 2, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98, 112, 126, 147, 168, 196, 224, 336 and 448 days after hatch (male and female, n=13 for each group). We measured the body weight (BW), and after sacrifice measured organs and remove muscle from femur & tibia and measured bone weight. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Duncan test, correlation analysis and regression analysis of SAS 9.1. We analyzed the data of BW, femur & tibia and made growth curve also. The BW was significantly increased up to 147 days after hatch (male, $1,927.88{\pm}68.92g$; female, $1,456.00{\pm}50.11g$), and then increased gradually. At 336 days, these growth was stop (male, $2,467.00{\pm}42.84g$; female, $1,568.71{\pm}62.62g$). The growth of femur & tibia length and width was stop on 98~126 days after hatch. At 98 days, we measured the length and width of femur & tibia in male were $132.39{\pm}3.18mm$ & $25.98{\pm}0.59mm$ whereas in female at 112 days the length of femur & tibia was $116.40{\pm}1.55mm$ and at 126 days width was $21.41{\pm}0.38mm$. Our study suggests that the growth of male KNC was classified pre-puberty (0~98 days), puberty (98~336 days) and maturity (after 336 days), meanwhile female was shown similar trend however puberty period of KNC was 112 or 126 days after hatch.

한국재래계의 체형에 대한 유전력 및 유전상관의 추정 (Estimation of the Heritabilities and Genetic Correlations on Body Shape Components in Korean Native Chicken)

  • 한성욱;상병찬;이준현;정욱수;상병돈
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 1998
  • This study was carried out to get the basic and applicable data for breeding plan and selection in order to improve the body shape components in Korean native chicken. The hentabilities and genetic correlations on body shape components were estimated by sire, dam and combined components of variance. Data analyzed were records of 1,096 progenies produced from 180 dams and 26 sires from April, 1994 to September, 1995. On body shape components at 4, 8 and 16 weeks of age, the shank lengths were 55.63, 82.94 and 103.8Omm: breast girths were 15.087, 21.069, and 26.137mm: breast widths were 40.910, 54.575 and 73.088mm, respectively. The estimates of hentabilities of body shape components based on the variance of sires, dams, and combined components at 4, 8 and 16 weeks of age were O.O65~O.197, O.25O~O.794 and O.185~O.495 for shank length: O.123~O. 215, O.033~O.513 and 0.063~0.257 for breast girth; 0.024~0.158, 0.118~0.410 and 0.111~0.222 for breast width, respectively. The coefficients of genetic correlations among the body shape components at 4 weeks of age were 0.565, 0.725 and 0.678 for breast girth with breast width, shank length and tibia length : 0.690 and 0.804 for breast width with shank length and tibia length; 0.972 between shank length and tibia length.

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Tetracycline이 백서의 경골 및 하악골발육에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구 (EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE EFFECT OF TETRACYCLINE ON GROWTH OF TIBIA AND MANDIBLE IN RATS)

  • 이미대
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 1975
  • To study the effect of the tetracycline-HCl on the growth of the rats, the author made a daily injection of tetracycline-HCl in the amount of 40mg/kg of body weight to the lactating mother and weanling rats for 7 days. Lactating and weanling young rats were killed at a week intervals and removed tibia and mandible from soft tissues. The effect of the tetracycline on the growth of rats were analysed from the weight, the length of tibia and the size of mandible. The results were as follows: 1. Tetracycline inhibited the growth of young rats. 2. Inhibitory effects were greater ill the weanling group than the lactating group. 3. The inhibitory effect was marked just after the injection of tetracycline-HCl in body weight and after a week in mandible and tibia. 4. The inhibitory effect of growth nab continued for 2-3 weeks in body weight and 3-4 weeks in tibia and mandible. 5. In growth of mandible, the antero-posterior growth was more inhibited than the vertical.

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Effect of Age and Caponization on Blood Parameters and Bone Development of Male Native Chickens in Taiwan

  • Lin, Cheng-Yung;Hsu, Jenn-Chung;Wan, Tien-Chun
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제25권7호
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    • pp.994-1002
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    • 2012
  • An experiment was carried out to determine the effect of age and caponization on the development blood and bone characteristics development in male country chickens in Taiwan. A total of two hundred 8-wk-old LRI native chicken cockerels, Taishi meat No.13 from LRI-COA, were used as experimental animals. Cockerels were surgically caponized at 8 wks of age. Twelve birds in each group were bled and dressed from 8 wks to 35 wks of age at 1 to 5 wk intervals. The results indicated that the plasma testosterone concentration was significantly (p<0.05) lower in capons after 12 wks of age (caponized treatment after 4 wks) than that of the intact males. The relative tibia weight, bone breaking strength, cortical thickness, bone ash, bone calcium, bone phosphorus and bone magnesium contents were significantly (p<0.05) higher in intact males, while capons had higher (p<0.05) plasma ionized calcium, inorganic phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase concentration. The plasma testosterone concentration, relative tibia weight, tibia length, breaking strength, cortical thickness, bone ash, calcium, and phosphorus contents of intact males chickens increased significantly (p<0.05) with the advance of age. In addition, the relative tibia weight of capons peaked at 18 wks of age, and declined at 35 wks of age. The bone ash, calcium and phosphorus content increased most after 14 wks of age in male native chickens in Taiwan. Also, tibia length and cortical thickness peaked at 22 wks of age. However, the peak of bone strength was found at 26 wks of age. These findings support the assertion that androgens can directly influence bone composition fluxes in male chickens. Caponization caused a significant increase in bone loss at 4 wks post treatment, which reflected bone cell damage, and demonstrated reductions in the relative tibia weight, breaking strength, cortical thickness, bone ash, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium contents, and increases in plasma ionized calcium, inorganic phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase concentration.

Reconstruction of Large Femur and Tibia Defect with Free Vascularized Fibula Graft and Locking Plate

  • Kim, Min Bom;Lee, Young Ho;Baek, Jeong Kook;Choi, Ho Sung;Baek, Goo Hyun
    • Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.68-74
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: The reconstruction of femur and tibia defects following tumor resection remains a surgical challenge. The clinical outcome of free vascularized fibula graft (VFG) reconstruction with locking plate for massive femur and tibia defects of more than 10 cm that were secondary to skeletal tumor resection is reported. Materials and Methods: Thirteen patients with a mean follow-up of 3.3 years were reviewed. Seven patients received vascularized fibula grafts in the femur and six in the tibia. The mean bony defect of the femur and tibia was more than 10 cm and the length of the grafted fibula was more than 15 cm. All defects were stabilized with long locking plates. Results: All patients were free of disease at final follow-up; All VFGs were transferred successfully. All patients had a successful outcome with bony union. Stress fractures of the grafted fibula had occurred but the locking plate stabilized the fracture and healed until the last follow-up. All patients were able to walk without a brace after a mean of 9 months postoperatively. Conclusion: VFG with locking plate is a reliable reconstructive procedure for massive femur and tibia defects.

족관절 골절 환자에서 원위 경비 인대 결합 손상 유무에 따른 경골의 비골 구에 대한 해부학적 차이 (Anatomical Differences of the Fibular Incisura of the Tibia between Ankle Fracture with Syndesmotic Injury and without Syndesmotic Injury)

  • 김형년;김수범;박용욱
    • 대한족부족관절학회지
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.150-155
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: This study was performed to compare the anatomic differences of the fibular incisura of the tibia between ankle fractures with and without syndesmotic injuries. Materials and Methods: 42 patients were involved in this study: Group I was composed with 14 cases of ankle fractures with syndesmotic injuries; Group II was composed with 14 cases of ankle fractures without syndesmotic injuries; Group III was composed with 14 cases of volunteers. The height averaged 170.1 cm (range, $159{\sim}181$ cm) in group I, 168.9 cm (range, $156{\sim}184$ cm) in group II, and 170.4 cm (range, $161{\sim}77$ cm) in group III. The mean height did not show a statistically significant difference between groups (p>0.05). All patients were taken axial computed tomography. The length of anterior and posterior facets, angle between anterior and posterior facet, and depth of the fibular incisura of the tibia were measured. Results: The mean length of the anterior facet was 11.5 mm (range, $9.2{\sim}15.7$ mm) in group I, 12.2 mm (range, $7.3{\sim}17.0$ mm) in group II, and 10.3 mm (range, $8.7{\sim}14.0$ mm) in group III (p>0.05). The mean length of the posterior facet was 12.3 mm (range, $9.0{\sim}14.5$ mm) in group I, 11.0 mm (range, $7.3{\sim}16.2$ mm) in group II, and 13.0 mm (range, $9.2{\sim}15.9$ mm) in group III (p>0.05). The mean angle between anterior and posterior facet was 139.1 degrees (range, $125.5{\sim}154.0$ degrees) in group I, 144.2 degrees (range, $134.7{\sim}152.6$ degrees) in group II, and 131.5 degrees (range, $117.6{\sim}144.4$ degrees) in group III (p<0.05). The mean depth of the fibular incisura of the tibia was 4.1 mm (range, $3.2{\sim}15.8$ mm) in group I, 4.6 mm (range, $3.1{\sim}7.1$ mm) in group II, and 3.1 mm (range, $1.5{\sim}4.0$ mm) in group III (p<0.05). Conclusion: There are some statistical differences of angle between anterior and posterior facet and depth of the fibular incisura of the tibia between ankle fractures with and without syndesmotic injuries.

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음양곽(淫羊藿) 약함(藥緘)이 난소적출 흰쥐의 골다공증에 미치는 영향 (Effects of the Herbal-acupuncture with Epimedii Herba Extract on Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized ddY Mice)

  • 강민완;홍권의;김영일
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.1-14
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    • 2009
  • Objectives & Methods : The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of herbal-acupuncture with Epimedii Herba extract (EH-HA) at $KI_{10}$ (Eumgok) on osteoporosis in ovariectomized (OVX) ddY mice. We carried out several experimental items to analyze the changes in body weight, uterine weight, uterus index, tibial length, the ash bone weight, tibial BMD, serum ALP, serum osteocalcin, serum Ca, and the levels of Ca, P, Ca/P ratio in tibia, and we performed histological and histomorphological analysis as well. Results: 1. The tibial length and ash bone weight were insignificant, while BMD was significantly increased by in EH-HA in comparison with control group. 2. Serum ALP and serum osteocalcin were decreased and serum Ca was increased by in EH-HA in comparison with control group, But all were insignificant. 3. Ca and P level in tibia were significantly increased in EH-HA in comparison with control group, while Ca/P ratio was insignificant. 4. Osteoclast like cell in tibia was significantly decreased in EH-HA in comparison with control group. 5. In the histological study in tibia, TBV was significantly increased, TBT was insignificantly increased and GPL was significantly decreased in EH-HA in comparison with control group. Conclusions: These results suggest that EH-HA at $KI_{10}$ has a therapeutic effect on osteoporosis in OVX mice.

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칼슘공급원으로서 건멸치, 두부, 탈지분유의 체내이용성 연구 (Comparison of the Bioavailability of Calcium from Anchovy, Tofu and Nonfat Dry Milk(NFDM) in Growing Male Rats)

  • 이성현
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제27권5호
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    • pp.473-482
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    • 1994
  • This study was to compare the bioavailability of calcium from anchovy and tofu to those of calcium from calcium carbonate(CaCO3)as the control diet and non-fat dry milk(NFDM). Rats weighing 50-60g were placed on experimental diets and deionized water at free access for 4 weeks. Diets contained 0.2% calcium from calcium-carbonate, NFDM, anchovy, tofu or 0.5% calcium as obtained were as follows : 1) No significant differences in the apparent absorption of calcium(62.5%-71.0%) were observed in the rats fed four different calcium sources at the level of 0.2% while 0.5% calcium diet group apparently absorbed calcium less efficiently(52.2%). 2) Bone length of tibia and femur was not significantly different among the groups, though 0.5% calcium of control group showed slightly longer length. 3) Tibia fat-free dry weights of 0.2% calcium of NFDM and anchovy diet groups were not significantly different from that of 0.5% calcium of control group. For femurs NFDM, anchovy and tofu groups were similar in their fat-free dry weight to that of 0.5% calcium group. 4) For calcium contents tibia contents tibia from anchovy treated group showed higher value than calcium-carbonate and tofu groups and the value was not significantly different from that of 0.5% calcium group. In femur NFDM, tofu and calcium-carbonate groups were not significantly different in their calcium content but 0.5% calcium group had higher level of calcium than 0.2% calcium groups. 5) The normalized values(NV) show that there was no significant differences in NV among 0.2% CaCO3 anchovy and tofu groups, while NV of NFDM group was significantly lower than that of calcium-carbonate group. NV of 0.5% calcium group was a little more than 50% of those in 0.2% calcium groups. Though the values obtained for the calcium bioavailability were somewhat variable among experimental products, it was demonstrated that anchovy and tofu are as good as NFDM for the dietary calcium provider when calcium intake is at marginal level.

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전방십자인대의 최적 재건을 위한 등장성 해석 (Analysis of Isometry of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament for Optimal Ligament Reconstruction)

  • 박정홍;서정탁;문병영;손권
    • 대한기계학회논문집A
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.457-464
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    • 2006
  • The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is liable to a major injury that often results in a functional impairment requiring surgical reconstruction. The success of reconstruction depends on such factors as attachment positions, initial tension of ligament and surgical methods of fixation. The purpose of this study is to find isometric positions of the substitute during flexion/extension. The distance between selected attachments on the femur and tibia was computed from a set of measurements using a 6 degree-of-freedom magnetic sensor system. A three-dimensional knee model was constructed from CT images and was used to simulate length change during knee flexion/extension. This model was scaled for each subject. Twenty seven points on the tibia model and forty two points on the femur model were selected to calculate length change. This study determined the maximum and minimum distances to the tibial attachment during flexion/extension. The results showed that minimum length changes were $1.9{\sim}5.8mm$ (average $3.6{\pm}1.4mm$). The most isometric region was both the posterosuperior and anterior-diagonal areas from the over-the-top. The proposed method can be utilized and applied to an optimal reconstruction of ACL deficient knees.

한국재래오골계의 제형질에 대한 유전모수 추정에 관한 연구 IV. 체형에 대한 유전력 및 유전상알 추정 (Studies on the Estimation of the Genetic Parameters on All Traits in Korean Native Ogol Fowl IV. Estimations of the Heritabilities and Genetic Correlations on the Body Conformations)

  • 한성욱;상병찬;김홍기
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 1991
  • 본 연구는 한국재래오골계의 체형에 대한 효율적인 개량을 위한 육종목표의 설정과 선발을 수행하는데 필요한 기초자료를 얻고자 1987년 6월 18일부터 1989년 4월 6일까지 사육되어온 한국재래오골계의 부가계 20수와 모가계 150수에서 생산된 450수 자손 의 검정자료를 분석하여 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1 체형측정치에 있어서 8주, 24주 및 300일령시의 정강이 길이는 각각 $7.817\pm$0.363, $9.576\pm$0.390$9.646\pm$0.389cm이었으며, 흉폭은 각각 $3.469\pm$0.234, $4.310\pm$0.345$4.752\pm$0.343cm이었고, 흉위는 각각 $22.819\pm$1.082, $36.719\pm$1.793$39.008\pm$1.709cm이었으며, 경골장은 각각 9.141$\pm$0.558, 13.183$\pm$0.499및 13.560$\pm$0.552cm 이었다. 2. 체형에 대한 8주령부터 300일령까지 유전력 추정치는 부분산성분, 모분산성분 및 부모분산성분에서 정강이 길이는 각각 0.235~0.290, 0.589~0.890 및 0.437~0.565이었고, 흉폭은 각각 0.185~0.237, 0.444~0.536및 0.314~0.392이었으며, 흉위는 각각 0.218~0.552, 0.499~0.746 및 0.486~0.558 이었고, 경골장은 각각 0.391~0.432, 0.281~0.543및 0.340~0.446이었다. 3. 체형 측정치간의 유전상관은 정강이 길이와 흉폭, 흉위 및 경골장간에 각각 0.237~0.863, 0.277~0.729 및 0.378~0.915로 정의 계수이었고, 흉폭과 흉위 및 경골장간에 각각 0.637~0.889, 0.384~0.903으로. 대체로 높은 추정치이였고, 흉위와 경골장간에는 0.905~0.990으로 아주 높은 정의 계수이었다.

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