• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.157-164
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• 2024

The standard radiation protection method in the angiography suite involves the use of a thyroid shield, a lead apron, and lead glasses. However, exposure to substantial amounts of ionizing radiation can cause cataracts, tumors, and skin erythema. A newly developed curtain-type radiation protection device consists of a curtain drape composed of a five-layer bismuth and lead acrylic head-shielding plate, with both bearing an equivalent 0.25 mm lead thickness. In this study, a quality assurance phantom was used as the patient to create radiation scatter from the radiographic source, and an anthropomorphic mannequin phantom was used as the interventionalist to measure the radiation dose at seven different anatomical locations. Thermoluminescent dosimeters were used to measure the radiation dose. The experimental groups consisted of all-sided or one-sided curtain set-ups, the presence or absence of a conventional shielding system, and the orientation of beam irradiation. Consequently, the curtain-type radiation protection device exhibited better radiation protection range and capabilities than conventional radiation protection systems, especially in safeguarding the forehead, eyes, arms, and feet, with minimal radiation exposure. Moreover, the mean shielding ratios of the conventional shielding system and curtain-type radiation protection device were measured at 51.94% and 93.86%, respectively. Additionally, no significant decrease in the radiation protection range or capability was observed, even with changes in the beam orientation or one-sided protection. Compared with a conventional shielding system, the curtain-type radiation protection device decreased radiation exposure doses and improved comfort. Therefore, it is a potential new radiation protection device for veterinary interventional procedures.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.435-442
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• 2007

The number of thyroid diseases treated with radioiodine(I-131) is increasing steadily. The sharp increase in patients who require high dose radioiodine therapy greatly increased the need for new therapy rooms. Accordingly, interest in radiation exposure is rising as well, and is a major psychological stress factor for the patient and those who come in close contact with the patient. This study aimed to minimize the radiation exposure on discharge. Based on various previous reports, the decision for discharge should be individualized depending on many factors related to the patient's living or working environment. Educating patients repeatedly on the importance of sufficient oral hydration, while the adequate amount was relative to the patient's individual condition, greatly lowered the detected radiation measurement within the same admission period. In some cases, the period of admission could be abbreviated.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2010

Purpose: According to increment of thyroid cancer recently, patients of high dose radioiodine therapy were accumulated. Taking into consideration the acceptance capability in the current facility, this study is to calculate the maximum value of high dose radioiodine therapy in patients for treatment. Materials and Methods: The amount and radioactivity of waste water discharged from high dose radioiodine therapy in patients admitted at present hospital as well as the radiation density of the air released into the atmosphere from the high dose radioiodine therapy ward were measured. When the calculated waste water's radiation and its density in the released air satisfies the standard (management standard for discharge into water supply 30 Bq/L, management standard for release into air 3 $Bq/m^3$) set by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, the maximum value of treatable high dose radioiodine therapy in patients was calculated. Results: When we calculated in a conservative view, the average density of radiation of waste water discharged from treating high dose radioiodine therapy one patient was 8 MBq/L and after 117 days of diminution in the water-purifier tank, it was 29.5 Bq/L. Also, the average density of radiation of waste water discharged from treating high dose radioiodine therapy two patients was 16 MBq/L and after 70 days of diminution in the water-purifier tank, it was 29.7 Bq/L. Under the same conditions, the density of radiation released into air through RI Ventilation Filter from the radioiodine therapy ward was 0.38 $Bq/m^3$. Conclusion: The maximum value of high dose radioiodine therapy in patients that can be treated within the acceptance capability was calculated and applied to the current facility, and if double rooms are managed by improving the ward structure, it would be possible to reduce the accumulated treatment waiting period for radioiodine therapy in patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.181-186
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• 2016

Cardiac angiography(CA) or cardiac intervention(CI) is one of the major examination methods applied to the detection of cardiovascular diseases using X-rays. These CA and CI procedures require radiation exposure to patients and physicians. We evaluated the radiation dose to cardiac operator during the each case of CA and CI procedures. The number of patients is 113 patients in CA and 34 patients in CI. Mean fluoroscopy time, mean cine time, and mean total cumulative dose area product(DAP) in patients during CA and CI was 165.9 sec vs. 1200.0 sec, 30.31 sec vs 107.5 sec, and $37130.3mGy.cm^2$ vs $213312.6mGy.cm^2$, respectively. Mean dose of thyroid, over chest apron and under chest apron in operator during CA and CI was 15.84 uSv vs 89.81 uSv, 20.16 uSv vs 123.20 uSv, and 0.30 uSv vs 2.40 uSv, respectively. Mean effective dose of operator during CI was about 6 times greater than during CA. Also there was significant inter-relationship between fluoroscopy or cine time and effective dose in operator during CA and CI(p=0.001 and p=0.001, respectively).

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.333-338
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• 2016

Background: In case of radiation emergencies, internal exposure monitoring for the members of public will be required to confirm internal contamination of each individual. In-vivo monitoring technique using portable gamma spectrometer can be easily applied for internal exposure monitoring in the vicinity of the on-site area. Materials and Methods: In this study, minimum detectable doses (MDDs) for $^{134}Cs$, $^{137}Cs$, and $^{131}I$ were calculated adjusting minimum detectable activities (MDAs) from 50 to 1,000 Bq to find out the optimal in-vivo counting condition. DCAL software was used to derive retention fraction of Cs and I isotopes in the whole body and thyroid, respectively. A minimum detect-able level was determined to set committed effective dose of 0.1 mSv for emergency response. Results and Discussion: We found that MDDs at each MDA increased along with the elapsed time. 1,000 Bq for $^{134}Cs$ and $^{137}Cs$, and 100 Bq for $^{131}I$ were suggested as optimal MDAs to provide in-vivo monitoring service in case of radiation emergencies. Conclusion: In-vivo monitoring program for emergency response should be designed to achieve the optimal MDA suggested from the present work. We expect that a reduction of counting time compared with routine monitoring program can achieve the high throughput system in case of radiation emergencies.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.102-109
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• 1993

A PC-computer program RADAP has been developed in this study to perform a quick real-time analysis of dose assessment following an accident in a nuclear facility. RADAP uses an interactive LKagrangian puff model in simulating the transport and diffusion of radioactive plume in the atmosphere. For real-time analysis, RADAP treats one or multiple puffs of ground-level releases, simultaneously. It is assumed to maintain a Gaussian distribution within the puff and the diffusion coefficients are computed using the USNRC's normal sigma curve method. The program, however, does not consider the spatial variations but the temporal variations in wind conditions. Whole body and thyroid doses for 3$\times$31 grid are directed to output files, and they are also displayed through computer graphics on VGA or EGA color monitor. The results show that RADAP can be an excellent tool for quick estimation of accidental doses.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.577-581
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• 2020

A 22-year-old Thai man from the Northeast region presented with acute eye swelling, itching, and discharge on his left eye. He was suspected of having gnathostomiasis and treated with albendazole and prednisolone for 3 weeks. Nine months later, he was treated with high-dose oral prednisolone for the preliminary and differential diagnoses with thyroid-associated orbitopathy and lymphoma. He had been administered prednisolone intermittently over a few years. Then he developed a painless movable mass at the left upper eyelid and recurrent pseudotumor oculi was suspected. The surgical removal of the mass was performed. A white pseudosegmented worm revealed a definite diagnosis of ocular sparganosis by a plerocercoid larva. Molecular diagnosis of the causative species was made based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene. Proper technique of extraction and amplification of short fragments DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue successfully identified parasite species. The result from the sequencing of the PCR-amplified cox1 fragments in this study showed 99.0% sequence homology to Spirometra ranarum. This is the first report of S. ranarum in Thailand.

• CELLMED
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.10.1-10.12
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• 2022

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of Sharbat Afsantin in Polycystic Ovarian Disease. Methods: An open observational study was carried out in the Department of Ilmul Qabalat wa Amraze Niswan. Diagnosed cases(n=30) of PCOD were included in the study. Patients with thyroid dysfunction, systemic diseases, on hormonal treatment in last three months, pregnancy and lactation were excluded. Research drug (Sharbat Afsantin) was administered orally in a dose of 25ml twice daily for 15 days/cycle for three consecutive cycles. Outcome measures were, changes in subjective parameters (duration of cycle, duration and amount of flow and weight reduction) and objective parameters {pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) score, basal metabolic index (BMI), modified Ferriman Gallwey (mFG) score, acanthosis nigricans scale and pelvic ultrasonography}. Data were analyzed using paired Student 't' test. Results: Changes in duration of cycle, duration and amount of flow were achieved in 83.3%, 50% and 40% patients respectively and weight reduction in 30% patients. Changes in PBAC score and BMI were achieved in 50% and 30% patients respectively and 30% patients showed normal findings on pelvic ultrasonography. Conclusion: Sharbat Afsantin can be used as an alternate remedy in PCOD patients, as it has significant effect to regularize menstruation by reduction in BMI and probably by improving insulin resistance in PCOD. No adverse effect of Sharbat Afsantin was noted during the trial.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.343-349
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• 1995

Background : For biological dosimetry of radiation exposure, both observing hematologic change and calculating Ydr by chromosomal analysis as biological indicators are widely used. However, due to the lack of studies on biological dosimetry of radiation dose absorbed in the body such as in the cases of radioactive iodine therapy, the maximal and safe dose is not well known, nor is the extent to which the body can safely endure radiation exposure. Purpose : To investegate the practical applicability of hematologic changes and Ydr as an indicator for estimating radiation exposure, to patients with thyroid diseases after doses of radioactive iodine. Material and Methods : 5 patients with hyperthyroidism and 35 patients who have had thyroid cancer operation were under treatment with radioactive iodine, changes in number of lymphocytes were tracked and Ydr was calculated for more than 2 months by chromosomal analysis in peripheral lymphocytes. Results ; 1) The number of lymphocytes began to decrease 2 weeks after doses of radioactive iodine, and reached the nadir after 6 and 8 weeks, then gradually recovered. 2) The nadir count of lymphocytes was reversely correlated with the administered dosage of radioactive iodine. 3) Ydr was generally stable between 2 and 8 weeks. 4) The maximal value of Ydr was correlated with the administered dosage of radioactive iodine. 5) Ydr value at the 2nd week increased with augmented dosage of radioactive iodine. 6) Ydr value at the 2nd week was correlated with fall of lymphocyte count. Conclusion : Patients must be closely observed, because temporary bone marrow suppression and slight chromosomal aberration can be produced by even generally used dosages of radioactive iodine for diagnosis and therapy. Maximal percent fall of lymphocyte count, Ydr at the 2 week interval and maximal Ydr can be used as the biological predictor of administered dosage of radioactive iodine.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.3734-3740
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• 2014

The aim of this study was provide basic information and establish the criteria in radiation therapy planning by measuring the absorbed neutron dose of normal tissues and lesions according to the number of portals. From September 2013 to January 2014, 20 patients who were diagnosed with prostate cancer and were previously treated with radiation therapy were replanned retrospectively to measure the absorbed neutron dose distribution according to the number of portals. The absorbed neutron dose was measured in each of the 5, 7 and 9 portals using a 15 MV energy, which meant a therapeutic dose of 220 cGy. The optical stimulation luminescence dosimeter was separated by 20cm and 60cm away from the center of the field of view. As a result, the average radiation dose in the abdomen appeared to have a positive relationship with the number of portals, which was statistically significant (p<.05). The average radiation dose was $4.34{\pm}1.08$. The average radiation dose in the thyroid was $2.71{\pm}.37$. Although it showed a positive relationship with the number of portals, it did not have statistical significance. The number of portals and the neutron dose depending on the position showed a significant positive relationship, particularly in the abdomen. As a result of linear regression analysis, as the number of the portal increased in steps, the average volume of the neutrons increased significantly (0.416 times). In conclusion, efficient selection of the number of portals is needed considering the difference in the absorbed neutron dose in the normal tissues depending on the number of the portals.