• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.5 s.262
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• pp.403-406
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• 2006

Infarction of the lung usually results from pulmonary arterial obstruction. Pulmonary infarcts often become infected from bronchial contamination and may become lung abscesses, empyema, or bronchopleural fistula causing sepsis. Diagnosis is important for intensive therapy, since infection is prone to spread. Resection of the infarcted lung should be considered early in an attempt to control infection. A sixty-seven-year-old man was hospitalized with dyspnea. A computed tomographic scan of the chest showed left lower lobe infiltration and mild pleural effusion with pleural thickening. There was a thrombus in the left pulmonary artery leading from the lower lobe to the upper lobe artery. At operation, the left lower lobe was found to have complete hemorrhagic infarction. The left lower lobectomy was performed. The remaining thrombus was removed after the left main pulmonary arteriotomy. He has been followed up for 15 months and has done well with no recurrence of thrombus and infarction of the lung.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.620-626
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• 2017

Objective : Although venous thromboembolism (VTE) is frequently related to dehydration, the impact of dehydration on VTE in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is not clear. This study investigated whether dehydration, as measured by blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/creatinine (Cr) ratio, influences the occurrence of VTE in patients with AIS. Methods : This is a retrospective study of patients with AIS between January 2012 and December 2013. Patients with newly diagnosed AIS who experienced prolonged hospitalization for at least 4 weeks were included in this study. Results : Of 182 patients included in this study, 17 (9.3%) suffered VTE during the follow-up period; in two cases, VTE was accompanied by deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Patients with VTE were more frequently female and had higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, more lower limb weakness, and elevated blood urea nitrogen BUN/Cr ratio on admission. In a multivariate analysis, BUN/Cr ratio >15 (odds ratio [OR] 8.75) and severe lower limb weakness (OR 4.38) were independent risk factors for VTE. Conclusion : Dehydration on admission in cases of AIS might be a significant independent risk factor for VTE.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.597-600
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• 2004

We report a rare case of pulmonary artery sarcoma mimicking pulmonary artery thromboembolism in a 57-year-old man who suffered with 2-month dyspnea and exacerbated for 1 week. He was transferred from private clinic and he was diagnosed as acute pulmonary artery thromboembolism on the basis of chest CT. Chest CT, pulmonary artery angiogram, and perfusion scan were examined. We performed surgical excision with aid of CPB. The final pathologic report was that the mass was a pulmonary artery sarcoma. We experienced one case of pulmonary artery sarcoma and reported it with reference.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.239-246
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• 1999

Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular diseases complicated with atherosclerosis and thromboembolism. Increased plasma homocystein level develops from genetic defect of enzyme for homocystein metabolism or vitamine deficiency, has direct toxic effect for vascular endothelium and makes damages to antithrombotic action of vascular endothelial cell. Most of hyperhomocysteinemia is asymptomatic, but rarely develops cardiopulmonary or cerebrovascular accidents. In case of thromboembolism with unknown cause, the hyperhomocysteinemia should be considered as one of the many etiologies. The authors, first in korea, report a case of multiple thromboembolisms of deep vein of lower extremity, pulmonary vessels, superior sagittal and transverse sinus of brain in a patient with the hyperhomocysteinemia with a review of literature.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.197-213
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• 1995

The present experiment was desinged to investigate the effects of Sopungtang water extracts on the Cardiovascular System in the Experimental Animals. Thus, the changes of blood pressure and heart rate were measured after oral administration. Measurments of Mortality rate were observed for measuring the effect of Sopungtang water extract. Sopungtang water extract against pulmonary thromboembolism induced by collagen the mixture(0.1ml/10g, 2mg/kg B.W) plus serotonin(5mg/kg B.W) in mouse. The effects of Sopungtang water extract were examined by observing the change of collagen-induced platelet aggregation, coagulation activity, ex vivo and in vitro fibrinolytic activity of euglobulin fraction in rats. The results were summarized as followings. 1. Sopungtang dropped the blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rat. 2. The drug increased the auricular blood flow in rabbit. 3. The drug relaxed the artery contraction by pretreated norepinephrine in rat. 4. The drug inhibited the death rate of mouse which was led to thromboembolism by serotonin and collagen. 5. The drug inhibited the platelet aggregation in rat. 6. The drug prolonged the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time on the test of plasma coagulation factor activity in rat, but was not valuable. 7. The drug increased the antithrombin activity in rat and the fibrinogen lyses time was reduced and lyses area was increased. 8. Sopungtang reduced fibrinogen lyses time of rat in vitro assay. According to the above mentioned results, Sopungtang increased the blood flow and dropped the blood pressure by the dilation of blood vessel. And the drug presented the antithrombin acivity, inhibited the platelet aggregation.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.195-200
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• 2016

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common and life-threating condition in cancer patients. Low molecular weight heparins (LMWH), such as dalteparin, are recommended in the treatment of VTE. Also, rivaroxaban, an orally administered direct factor Xa inhibitor, was approved for the treatment of VTE. It showed similar efficacy to standard therapy (LMWH or warfarin) and was associated with significantly lower rates of major bleedings. However, in the real world, bleeding has been reported to occur frequently in cancer patient receiving rivaroxaban. The goal of this research was to analyze bleeding risks between rivaroxaban and dalteparin for treatment of VTE in cancer patients. Methods: Medical records of oncology patients who were treated with rivaroxaban or dalteparin for VTE from July 2012 to June 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Data collected were as follows: age, sex, weight, height, cancer types and stages, ECOG (eastern cooperative oncology group) PS (performance score), VTE types, concurrently used medications, study drug information (dose and duration of therapy), INR (international normalized ratio), PT (prothrombin time), and platelet counts. Bleeding was classified into major bleedings, clinically relevant non-major bleedings, and minor bleedings. Results: A total of 399 patients were included in the study. Of these patients, 246 were treated with rivaroxaban and 153 with dalteparin. Bleeding rates were significantly higher in the rivaroxaban group than in the dalteparin group (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.09, 95% CI 1.22-3.60) after adjusting for confounders. In addition, rivaroxaban remained independently associated with 1.78-fold (95% CI 1.14-2.76) shorter time to bleeding compared to dalteparin after adjusting other factors known to be associated with poor outcomes. Conclusion: This study suggested that rivaroxaban was associated with an increased risk of bleedings in cancer patients.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2 s.32
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• pp.203-213
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• 1996

Experimental studies were done to research the clinical effect of Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangamibang on viscousity of mucin solution, pulmonary thromboembolism, oxygen consumption in $O_3$ - exposed and Lung TBA in rats and mice. The result was obtained as follows: 1. In the effect of Insamyounpaesan and I nsamyounpaesangami-bang on the rate of viscousity sampled from mucin, Insam-younpaesan and Insamyounpaesangamibang were revealed to have a significant effect of decreasinf the rate of viscousity (p<0.05). 2. In the effect of Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangami-bang on sodium arachidonic acid induced pulmonary thrombo-embolism, Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangarnibang were revealed to have an effect of increasing the number of survival(p<0,05), but were not significant. 3. In the effect of Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangami-bang on ADP induced pulmonary thromboembolism, Insam-younpaesangamibang were revealed to have an effect of increasing the number of survival(p<0.05), but were not significant. 4. In the effect of Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangami-bang on oxygen cansumption values in rats exposed, Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangamibang were revealed to have a significant effect on the care of lung damages (p<0.05), but were not significant by Duncan's multiple comparision test. 5. In the effect of Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangami-bang on the lung TBA values in rats exposed $-O_3$, Insam-younpaesangamibang were revealed to have a significant effect (p<0.05) on the care of lung damages. In connection with the results of the studies, Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangamibang are concluded to be effective on the treatment of cough and lung and respiratory organ damages.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.146-154
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• 2017

Objective : The semi-jailing technique (SJT) provides stent-assisted remodeling of the aneurysm neck during coil embolization without grasping the coil delivery microcatheter. We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of SJT using a Neuroform3 stent for coiling of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms. Methods : We collected the clinical and radiological data between January 2009 and June 2015 of the wide-necked aneurysms treated with SJT using a Neuroform3 stent. Results : SJT using a Neuroform3 stent was attempted in 70 wide-necked aneurysms (68 patients). There were 56 unruptured and 14 ruptured aneurysms. The size of aneurysm ranged from 1.7 to 28.1 mm (mean 6.1 mm). The immediate angiographic results were complete occlusion in 55 aneurysms (78.6%), neck remnant in 7 (10.0%), and aneurysm remnant in 8 (11.4%). Overall, periprocedural complications occurred in 13 patients (19.1%), including asymptomatic thromboembolism in 7 (10.3%), symptomatic thromboembolism in 4 (5.9%), and symptomatic hemorrhagic complications in 2 (2.9%). Conventional angiography follow-up was obtained in 55 (78.6%) of 70 aneurysms (mean, 10.9 months). The result showed progressive occlusion in 7 aneurysms (12.7%) and recanalization in 1 aneurysm (1.8%). At the end of the observation period (mean, 17.5 months), all 54 patients without subarachnoid hemorrhage showed excellent clinical outcomes (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] 0), except two (mRS 1 or 2) and seven of 14 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage remained symptom-free (mRS 0). Conclusion : In this report of 70 aneurysms, SJT using a Neuroform3 stent for coiling of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms showed good technical safety, as well as favorable clinical and angiographic outcomes.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.360-364
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• 2016

Background Venous thromboembolism, a spectrum of diseases ranging from deep venous thrombosis to pulmonary embolism, is a major source of morbidity and mortality. The majority of cases described in plastic surgery involve abdominoplasty. Risk assessment and prophylaxis are paramount in such patients. General recommendations were recently developed, but the evidence in the literature was insufficient to prepare exhaustive guidelines regarding the medication, dosage, timing, or length of the prophylaxis. Methods A thromboprophylaxis protocol was developed for patients undergoing abdominoplasty. The protocol consisted of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative measures. Enoxaparin was administered as chemoprophylaxis in selected patients. The study involved 253 patients. The patients were analyzed for age, body mass index, enoxaparin dosage, risk factors, and complications. Results Deep venous thrombosis was documented in two cases (0.8%). No pulmonary embolism occurred. Three patients (1.2%) presented mild subcutaneous abdominal hematoma within the first postoperative week that spontaneously resorbed with neither aesthetic nor functional complications. Two patients (0.8%) presented severe hematoma requiring surgical re-intervention for drainage and hemostasis revision. Statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between enoxaparin dosage and hematoma (P=0.18) or deep venous thrombosis (P=0.61). Conclusions The described thromboprophylaxis protocol proved to be effective in the prevention of thrombotic events, with an acceptable risk of hemorrhagic complications. Furthermore, it provides new evidence regarding the currently debated variables of chemoprophylaxis, namely type, dosage, timing, and length.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.863-870
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• 1992

The low profile Ionescu-Shiley pericardial xenograft valve had been initially introduced to have improved hemodynamic performance and expected superior durability, However, subsequent clinical reports and laboratory studies have repeatedly indicated early failure of the valve from mechanical reasons in valve design, A total and consecutive 169 patients underwent isolated MVR with the low profile Ionescu-Shiley valve at Seoul National University Hospital from November 1984 to October 1989 [Group ISLM]. Five patients [3.0%] died within 30 days of surgery, and early survivors were followed up for 734.9 patient-years [Mean$\pm$SD, 4.9$\pm$2.0 years], Late mortality rate was 0.136% /patient-year [pt-yr], Linearized incidences of major complications were: 0.953% embolism /pt-yr; 0.680% bleeding /pt-yr; 0.272% endocarditis /pt-yr; and 0, 408% primary tissue failure [PTF] /pt-yr, The actuarial survival was 99.4$\pm$0.6%, and probabilities of from thromboembolism and from PTF were 90.7$\pm$4.6% and 95.9$\pm$2.6% at 8 years, respectively These results were compared with the clinical data from the 291 patients of isolated MVR with the standard Ionescu-Shiley valve at the same hospital during the period between October 1978 and June 1983 [Group ISUM], Group ISUM included 11% of patients younger than 15 years of age, whereas Group ISLM did no patient of this age. The mean age at the time of surgery was significantly younger in Group ISUM than one in Group ISLM [P<0.001]. Differences were not statistically significant in operative mortality, mean follow-up period and linearized incidences of thromboembolism, bleeding and endocarditis, between two groups, However, the linearized rate of PTF was lower [P<0.001] and probabilities of freedom fro PTF higher [P<0.001] in Group ISLM at least up to postoperative 8 years. While the features of PTF of the standard valve was predominantly degeneration with calcification and stenosis, the ones of the low profile valve was cusp tear and incompetence. It remains, however, to be seen whether the low profile valve fails mostly from mechanical reason, and further follow-up will still be necessary to determine the differences in mode of PTF of two valves.