• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2003

With a swift development of information technology, web sites get more important roles as user's living places. This quantitative and qualitative expansion of web sites requires the need for an evaluation framework of web sites from comprehensive perspectives. This study proposes two dimensions for web site categorization and three dimensions for web site evaluation. These dimensions were developed based on the architectural perspectives that have been used to evaluate buildings in the real world for more than a thousand years. First, in order to categorize various web sites, we extracted two dimensions, user's goals and user's behaviors from behavioral architect which approaches user's behaviors in designing buildings. Second, in order to evaluate four web sites groups, we suggested three dimensions, which are firmness, commodity, delight used in evaluating buildings in the real world. Then for each of the four different web sites groups an empirical survey was conducted to verify these three dimensions of architectural metrics. This ends with study implications and limitations.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1121-1133
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• 2021

The paper examines the impacts of the various sustainability dimensions on the financial performance of commercial banks in three Arab countries. Three dimensions have been considered as constitutive of the term sustainable development (social, economic, and environmental). The relationship between the sustainability dimensions of companies and accounting indicators was analyzed. The main hypothesis posits that the dimensions of sustainability do not have a significant and positive effect on the financial performance of the commercial banks. The study population consisted of commercial banks operating in three Arab countries (Oman, United Arab Emirates, and Jordan); the period of the study is from 2007 to 2018. The data were collected from the financial reports and sustainability reports of each bank through the Internet. The overall results of the study showed a moderately positive relationship between all sustainability dimensions and the banks' financial performance. The main contribution of the research is to study the dimensions of sustainability reports as contained in the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI-G4) and their impacts on the financial performance of commercial banks. Thus, this research will contribute to increasing the interest of the banks in sustainable development in a context where this research in Arab countries is scarce.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-4
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• 1999

The Helmholtz equation is very important in physics and engineering. However, solution of the Helmholtz equation is in general known as a very difficult phenomenon. For if the ${\omega}$ is negative, the FDM discretized linear system becomes indefinite, whose solution by iterative method requires a very clever preconditioner. In this paper we assume that ${\omega}$ is nonnegative, and determine the optimal ${\rho}$ parameter for the three dimensional ADI iteration for the Helmholtz equation. The ADI(Alternating Direction Implicit) method is also getting new attentions due to the fact that it is very suitable to the vector/parallel computers, for example, as a preconditioner to the Krylov subspace methods. However, classical ADI was developed for two dimensions, and for three dimensions it is known that its convergence behaviour is quite different from that in two dimensions. So far, in three dimensions the so-called Douglas-Rachford form of ADI was developed. It is known to converge for a relatively wide range of ${\rho}$ values but its convergence is very slow. In this paper we determine the necessary conditions of the ${\rho}$ parameter for the convergence and optimal ${\rho}$ for the three dimensional ADI iteration of the Peaceman-Rachford form for the real Helmholtz equation with nonnegative ${\omega}$. Also, we conducted some experiments which is in close agreement with our theory. This straightforward extension of Peaceman-rachford ADI into three dimensions will be useful as an iterative solver itself or as a preconditioner to the the Krylov subspace methods, such as CG(Conjugate Gradient) method or GMRES(m).

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.125-149
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• 2006

The main purpose of this study is to develop new measurement device of the quality of terminal service, applying the existing research output of service marketing to the specific industrial aspect of container terminal. Especially we tried to help marketing managers present the points of effective marketing strategy with each dimension of service quality. To achieve this aim, we defined the service quality demensions of container port as the following three ones; the internal, the external, and the interactive qualities. The applied measuring instruments could be divided into three dimensions by carrying out factor analysis. Additionally, by analyzing the relative effects of the three dimensions of service quality on customer satisfaction, we found that the relative importance are as follows; interaction quality>internal quality> external quality. We confirmed that the three dimensions of service quality could affect customer loyalty and information, through customer satisfaction.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.55-69
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• 1998

One of the urgently-needed retail strategies is to lower the labor expenses of the store. For this purpose, more stores are developing new, fancy techniques to make consumers work for the stores without paying them. Examples include self-service system, consumer suggestion system and others. These are called customer voluntary performance. Intiated by Bettencourt(1997), customer voluntary performance(CVT) becomes an important concept in modern retailing. This paper applies three dimensions of CVP (loyalty, cooperation, participation) to the setting of Consumer Complaint Intentions(CCI). Similar to CVP, CCI has three dimensions in itself (voice, private, third party). The major focus of this empirical research is on finding the possible relationships between three dimensions of CVP and three dimensions of CCI. The results show that participation is positively related to the levels of consumer complaint intentions, whereas loyalty is negatively related to the levels of them. This implies that the weak tactic of CVP(loyalty) may reduce the levels of complaint, but strong one(participation) may not be so. More conceptual and empirrical studies are urgently needed.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.204-214
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• 2019

A CAD program has recently been introduced that can be directly developed into a three-dimensional human body shape and made into a pattern. It is possible to fabricate a bra that reflects the volume and surface area of the breast; however, it still needs to be verified. This study investigates the average size and shape of 20 big-breasted women and designs a brassiere pattern for women with large breasts using a 3D Flattening function of OptiTex PDS v15.6. In addition, the study verifies the reliability of the proposed method compared to a conventional brassiere pattern. The study results are as follows. First, the three dimensional measurement values were smaller than the direct measurement dimensions when the three dimension measurement dimensions of the subjects were compared with the direct measurement dimensions, the replica measurement dimensions and the three dimensional measurement dimensions. Second, the 3D flattening pattern reflects the actual shape, length, and area of the actual breast when comparing a brassiere pattern using a 3D shape and pattern reflecting the direct measurement.

• 한국가족복지학
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• 제57호
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• pp.69-98
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 일터영성(공동체 의식, 일의 의미)과 돌봄수행(정서적, 사회적, 영적) 그리고소진 간의 관계를 규명하고, 일터영성이 돌봄수행에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 소진의 조절효과를 파악하는 것이다. 설문조사는 전국 68개 완화의료 전문기관의 의사, 간호사, 사회복지사, 성직자를 대상으로 하였으며, 총 114부를 SPSS Statistics 21로 분석하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 일터영성의 하위요인중에서 공동체의식은 심리적 돌봄에 영향을 미치고, 일의의미는 사회적 돌봄과 영적 돌봄에유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 소진은 돌봄수행에 직접적인 영향을 미치지는않지만 소진의 독립적 영향력을 측정한 사후분석에서 사회적 돌봄과 영적 돌봄에 미미한 정도의 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 셋째, 소진은 일터영성이 돌봄수행에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 조절효과가 없는 것으로 검증되었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 시사점, 제한점 및 추후 연구과제에 대하여 논의하였다.

• 경영과학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.43-61
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• 2006

This research is an empirical investigation into the dimensions determining the website quality of domestic online shopping malls. A research model that has been formed to find the website quality dimensions is based on DeLone and McLean's information system success model that we adapted to fit the B2C electronic commerce environment by incorporating existing research on IS service quality and website quality. The model incorporates three quality dimensions including the information quality, system quality and service quality, and an attempt was made to empirically examine the relationship between variables of these dimensions and the revisit intent. The results of the study revealed that five quality-related variables were found to importantly contribute to the user's intent to revisit a site : the information accuracy and relevancy, system reliability, ease of use, and on-line support. The paper concludes that the three quality dimensions can serve as a useful framework to evaluate the quality of online shopping mall websites in an attempt to improve the website revisit rate.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1419-1429
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• 2009

This study tests the validity of the Susceptibility of Global Consumer Culture (SGCC) Scale that is composed of three dimensions, conformity to consumption trend, quality perception, and social prestige, on Korean consumers. The study also identifies the relationships with consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence and attitude toward purchasing global fashion brands. Utilizing the convenience sampling method, college students aged over 20 living in the Seoul metropolitan area were selected. Three hundred questionnaires were used in the statistical analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, paired t test, and path analysis using structural equation modeling. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the SGCC scale measured by three dimensions fit well for young Korean consumers. Path analysis showed that identical conformity positively influences all three dimensions of the SGCC scale and that informational conformity positively influences purchasing intention toward global fashion brands. Among the three dimensions of SGCC, quality perception and social prestige positively influence purchasing intention toward global fashion brands.

• 인지과학
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.199-211
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• 2005

사람들이 무엇을 왜 두려워하는지를 알고자 대학생, 과학기술 분야의 전문가, 그리고 환경단체에 근무하는 직원들을 대상으로 30 개 항목들에 대한 위험을 평가하도록 하였다. Slovic과 그 동료들(1978, 1984, 1987)이 밝혔던 두려움과 지식의 두 위험지각 차원을 검토하면서 생태학적 태도가 다른 세 사회 집단 간의 위험 지각의 차이를 살펴보고자 하였다. 본 연구는 Slovic 등이 발견하였던 것과 동일한 두 심리적 차원을 찾아내었다. 지각된 위험 강도와 사회적 이익을 비롯한 여러 심리적 특성들에서 그 생태학적 태도가 차이 있을 것으로 생각되는 세 사회 집단이 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과를 Slovic 등의 결과와 비교하였고, 원자력 등과 관련해서 집단들 간의 차이와 그 결과를 논의하였다.