• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.533-538
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• 1983

The author made a clinical study of IIO cases of empyema thoracis who were diagnosed and treated at department of chest surgery, chosun university hospital, during the period of December 1979 through June 1983. 1. In age and sex distribution, 45 cases [41%] was under the age of 15 years, 65 cases [59%] was above the age of 15 years. The ratio of male to female was 2.6:1. 2. The predisposing factors were pneumonia 45 cases [41%] and pulmonary tuberculosis 40 cases [36.5%]. 3. The cardinal symptoms were dyspnea, chest pain, fever, cough in order. 4. Etiologic organisms were confirmed in 69% which requested in 87 cases. Staphylococcal infection were 19 cases, Streptococcal infection were 13 cases, pneumococcal infection were 11 cases. 5. In treatment of empyema, thoracentesis 4 cases, closed thoracotomy 50 cases, open drainage 29 cases, decortication 14 cases and thoracoplasty 13 cases. In children, only thoracentesis and closed thoracotomy was favorable result in treatment. 6. 103 cases were discharged with recovery and improvement but 7 cases were early discharged by their economic or personal condition without improved.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.470-474
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• 1993

A clinical evaluation was performed on 56 patients[ 60 cases ] of open thoracotomy in spontaneous pneumothorax who were admitted and treated at department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chung Ang University, Yong San Hospital during the past 3 years from March 1990 to February 1993. The results were as follows. 1. The sex ratio was male predominence [ M:F = 7:1 ]. 2. The most common age group were 2nd, 3rd decades. 3. The most common chief complaints were dyspnea and chest pain [46.3% ]. 4. The etiologic factors of spontaneous pneumothorax were primary spontaneous pneumothorax [ 78.3%], secondary tuberculosis [ 18.3%], and others [ 3.4% ]. 5. The site of spontaneous pneumothorax was 50% in right, 40% in left, and 10% in both. 6. The state of activity on attack was almost in the usual life [ 98.3% ]. 7. Average height was 172.5 $\pm$ 5.39 cm in male and 164.0 $\pm$ 3.51 cm in female, average weight was 59.1 $\pm$ 7.06 kg in male and 52.0 $\pm$ 4.97 kg in female. 8. The common indications of open thoracotomy were recurrence [ 34.4% ] and persistent air leakage [ 17.8% ]. 9. The operative procedures were bullectomy [ 73.3% ], partial resection [ 11.7% ], lobectomy [ 11.7% ], and others [ 3.3% ]. 10. The most frequent location of bulla or bleb were apical segment of RUL [ 43.3 % ] and apicoposterior segment of LUL [ 40.0% ]. 11. The number of visible bulla or bleb were mainly 1 to 5, and size was about 1 to 3 cm.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.626-631
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• 1996

The forty patients with carcirLoma of the esophagus or cardia seen at National Medical Center between November 1983 and April 1994 underwent surgical exploration. The esophagogastrectomy was carried out in 29 of 40 patients, one case through right thoracotomy, the others through left thoracotomy. Two patients underwent colon bypass surgeries due to upper esophageal cancer Transhiatal esop agectomy was performed In one case. Feeding gastrostomy or feeding jejunostomy were performed in 8 patients due to the advanced stage or malnutrition. In this report, we evaluated the long-term results in the 28 patients who underwent esophagogastrectomy for palliation through the left thoracotomy. There were 25 men(89%) and 3 women(11 %), and the mean age was 58.65$\pm$7.15 years(range, 46 to 73 years). The most frequent preoperative symptoms included dysphagia (22), weight loss (15), chest pain (6), vomiting (1), and hoarsness (1). Twenty-three patients had sqamous cell cancers of mid-and lower esophagus and five adenocarcionomas of cardia. One patient died in the hospital within 30 days of the op- eration for a hospital mortality rate of ).7%, Cause of death was sepsis due to anastomotic leakage. There were five additional complications in five patients; acute respiratory distress syndrome (1), post-op- erative bleeding (1), diaphragmatic hernia (1), acute renal failure (1) and late raft stenosis (1). The one year, 1틴o years, and three years acturial survival rate were 75.6$\pm$9.5%, 43.2$\pm$ 11.6%, 21.6: 10.5$\circledcirc$ re- spectively. The average survival was 21.8 months. The data from this study suggest that esophagogastrectomy through the left thoracotomy can achieve resonable long-term palliation for carci- noma of the esophagus. The operation can be performed with a low operative mortality and few serious postoperative complications.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 1990

Reiestad and Stromskag recently introduced the interpleural installation of local anesthetic solutions as a technique for the management of postoperative pain in patients undergoing cholecystectomy, renal surgery, and breast surgery. This study was done to manage postoperative pain in the patients undergoing unilateral upper-abdominal surgery and thoracotomy. Twenty patients received 0.5% bupivacaine 20 ml with epinephrine (Children, received 10 ml). Results were as follows: 1) Analgesic effects appeared in 15.56 minutes; mean analgesic duration from the initial intrapleural injection was 10.5 hours. 2) Blood pressure increased more after the operation than before the operation. Blood pressure before injection of bupivacaine was highest (p<0.01). Heart rate was increased before injection and 10 minutes after injection of 0.5% bupivacaine (p<0.05). 3) The values of $PaCO_2$, were improved from $41.7{\pm}2.02\;mmHg$ ($PaCO_2$), $85.2{\pm}2.41\;mmHg$ ($PaO_2$) to $37.8{\pm}2.41\;mmHg$ ($PaCO_2$), $107.0{\pm}7.86\;mmHg$ ($PaO_2$) respectively (p<0.01). 4) Complication such as pneumothorax, atelectasis and CNS toxicity did not appear. 5) Intrapleural administration of local anesthetics after unilateral upper-abdominal and thoracic surgery provided a satisfactory pain control.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.480-484
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• 1991

Traumatic rupture of the main bronchus is comparatively very rare. With the advent of widespread mechanization and high-speed era, the incidence of traumatic rupture of the tracheobronchial tree has been increased considerably. Rupture of the bronchus is an unusual result of nonpenetrating trauma to the chest. Early recognition of bronchial rupture and emergency thoracotomy and management is essential for reducing of morbidity, mortality and late complications. We experienced 3 cases of bronchial rupture caused by nonpenetrating chest trauma with or without rib fracture. Patients were suffered from dyspnea and chest pain. After closed thoracostomy, corrective surgery was performed. Postoperative courses were uneventful and discharged without any complication.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.808-811
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• 1994

We reported a successful right pneumonectomy using video assisted thoracoscopy for endobronchial tuberculosis. Thoracoscopic surgery has many advantages in spite of its technical difficulties. These advantages include good cosmetic effects, short hospital stay, decreased postoperative morbidity, and good postoperative pulmonary function.The patient was young unmarried female, and her right lung was nearly total obstructed by endobronchial tuberculous dissemination and secondary pulmonary infection. The procedure was a little complicated by inadequate placements of the thoracoscopic ports and 5cm length utility thoracotomy incision. Minimal pain killer was needed only two days after operation and scar of operative wound was very satisfying. Postoperative course was unusual and the patient was discharged 7 days after operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.364-367
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• 1978

Embryonal carcinoma of the mediastinum is a very uncommon disease. This is a report of an embryonal carcinoma in the mediastinum found in a 25 years old Korean male patient who had been suffering from chest pain and intractable coughing for 6 months. 5 weeks prior to this admission hemoptysis and high fever were followed. Right exploratory thoracotomy was performed under the impression of a mediastinal tumor, but found to be unresectable. Irradiation therapy was tried, but no response was observed. Patient expired on 78th day postoperatively.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.470-474
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• 1984

33-year old female was admitted chest surgery department for evaluation of mild chest pain. Chest plain film showed right anterior mediastinal mass and small metastatic daughter mass ipsilateral side. Exploratory thoracotomy was performed 24th Aug. 83 revealed that small nodular parenchymal mass at right middle lobe and large cystic mass at anterior mediastinum which was connected with anterior mediastinal fat. Histological examination confirmed diagnosis as pulmonary hamartoma and thymic cyst individually. We successfully treated these two masses by wedge resection and excision. Although postoperative course was uneventful, the cause and associated relationship between two tumor origin were obscure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.236-240
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• 1993

Video thoracoscopic surgery is a new modality that gains acceptance rapidly from thoracic surgeons. We have experienced two left lower lobectomies, one left upper lobectomy & one right upper lobectomy with using video thoracoscopy for the four patients with lung parenchymal disease from July 1992 to February 1993. The post-operative courses were uneventful. The final pathologic diagnosis were sclerosing hemangioma, adenocarcinoma, bronchiectasis, leiomyoma & the post-operative courses were short. These patients needed less analgesics because postoperative pain was reduced markedly, and hospitalization was shortened due to rapid recovery. We would like to prefer video thoracoscopic lobectomy to the lobectomy through standard thoracotomy in uncomplicated patients with simple pulmonary parenchymal diseases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.571-574
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• 1993

We present a rare case of malignant lymphoma developing from the wall of chronic empyema thoracis. A 54-year old man with a 35 year history of tuberculosis empyema was admitted due to right chest pain and general weakness for 2 months. Under the impression of chronic empyema thoracis with destroyed right lung and tumor on posterior costophrenic sulcus, pleuropneumonectomy including tumor was performed as a single procedure through a right thoracotomy. The tumor arose from the thickened pleura, and it was histologically and immunologically diffuse large cell[non-cleaved] B-cell non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma [NHL]