• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국원자력학회 1996년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(3)
• /
• pp.265-270
• /
• 1996

The temperature distribution in the pellet was obtained from beginning the general heat conduction equation. The thermal conductivity of pellet used the SIMFUEL data that made clear the effect of burnup on the thermal conductivity degradation. Since the pellet rim acts as the thermal barrier to heat flow. the pellet was subdivided into several rings in which the outer ring was adjusted to play almost the same role as the rim. The local burup in each ring except the outer ring was calculated from the power depression factor based on FASER results. whereas the rim burnup at the outer ring was achieved by the pellet averaged burnup based on the empirical relation. The rim changed to the equivalent Xe film so the predicted temperature shooed the thermal jump across the rim. The observed temperature profiles depended on linear heat generation rate. fuel burnup. and power depression factor. The thermal conductivity degradation modelling can be applied to the fuel performance code to high burnup fuel,

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.355-359
• /
• 1991

글루타민산 나트륨(MSG)의 열안정성을 조사하기 위하여 가열온도 및 pH를 변화시키면서 가열 중 MSG의 분해정도를 비교하였다. 가열온도와 pH의 범위는 각각 $100{\sim}120^{\circ},\;4{\sim}9C$로 하였고, MSG는 2% 용액으로 만들었으며 가열 중 잔류 MSG 농도를 HPLC로 측정하였다. 그 결과 pH 4와 $120^{\circ}C$의 3시간 가열로 약 73% MSG가 감소한 반면, $100^{\circ}C$에서의 3시간 가열은 12% 정도만이 감소함을 보였다. 가열온도와 pH에 따른 초기 MSG의 분해속도와 분해 속도상수{(%MSG/log(hrs)}를 비교한 결과 $110^{\circ}C$와 $120^{\circ}C$에서의 초기 분해속도는 pH 4가 가장 빨랐으며 분해 속도상수도 상당히 높은 값을 보였다. 분해가 가장 적었던 pH 범위는 $pH6{\sim}8$ 범위였다. 또한 가열온도에 영향을 가장 많이 받았던 pH 4와 pH 5의 MSG 열분해 속도상수와 1/T의 관계에서 계산된 활성화에너지는 각각 18.3 kcal/mole과 9.2 kcal/mole이었다.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.89-93
• /
• 1981

Some or the parameters affecting the thermal analysis of different types of ground tobacco have been discussed. The sample, Korean flue- cured and burley and Greek orient tobacco leaves were run in air at heating rate of $10^{\circ}$ and 20^{\circ}C$ per minute. The thermograms obtained were divided into four temperature zones. The effect of different heating rates on thermal degradation has been discussed At the lower heating rate the maxima of DTA curves in zone 3 and 4 were 25-$40^{\circ}C$ lower than that of the higher heating rate.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제30권12호
• /
• pp.1526-1533
• /
• 2006

The aim of this research was to confirm the existence of the thermal creep degradation by hydrides of Zr-2.5Nb pressure tube materials. Small punch creep tests were performed to obtain the relationship between a creep displacement and a loading period at $300^{\circ}C$. A creep stress and a creep strain rate were also converted from the previous results. The creep material constants and the creep stress exponents at the different hydride contents were compared. Finally the hydrides of the axial and circumferential section were observed using OM, SEM and TEM. The following conclusions were made: 1) The degradation of the thermal creep by hydrides was existed and it strongly depended on the hydride contents. 2) As the hydride contents were increased, the creep stress exponents (m) were also increased. 3) Even though the hydride was not precipitated in 50 ppm materials at $300^{\circ}C$, the degradation of thermal creep was found. Therefore, it was believed that this phenomenon strongly related to the hydride precipitation at room temperature.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제17권12호
• /
• pp.1203-1209
• /
• 2011

In this paper, the degradation evaluation method of VLC (Visible Light Communication) wireless module after high dose rate gamma-ray irradiation using the thermal infrared camera is proposed. First, the heating characteristics of the active devices embedded in the VLC wireless module during the condition of normal operation is monitored by thermal infrared camera. By the image processing technique, the trends of the intensity of the heat emitted by the active devices are calculated and stored. The feature of the blob area including the area of the active devices in the thermal infrared image is extracted and stored. The feature used in this paper is the mean value of the gray levels in the blob area. The same VLC module has been gamma irradiated at the dose rate of about 4.0 kGy/h during 72 hours up to a total dose of 288 kGy. And then, the heating characteristics of the active devices embedded in the VLC wireless module after high dose gamma ray irradiation is observed by thermal infrared camera. The high dose gamma-ray induced degradation of the active devices embedded in the VLC module was evaluated by comparing the mean value of the blob area to the one of the same blob area of the VLC module before the gamma ray irradiation.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.149-155
• /
• 2009

The thermal decomposition behavior and degradation characteristics off our different thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers (TLCPs) were studied. The thermal decomposition behavior was determined by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at different heating rates in nitrogen and air. The order of the thermal stability was as follows: multi-aromatic polyester > hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA)/hydroxynaphthoic acid (HNA) copolyester > HNA/hydroxyl acetaniline (HAA)/terephthalic acid (TA) copolyester > HBA/Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) copolyester. The activation energies of the thermal degradation were calculated by four multiple heating rate methods: Flynn-Wall, Friedman, Kissinger, and Kim-Park. The Flynn-Wall and Kim-Park methods were the most suitable methods to calculate the activation energy. Samples were exposed to an accelerated degradation test (ADT), under fixed conditions of heat ($63{\pm}3^{\circ}C$), humidity ($30{\pm}4%$) and Xenon arc radiation ($1.10\;W/m^2$), and the changes in surface morphology and color difference with time were determined. The TLCPs decomposed, discolored and cracked upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.597-603
• /
• 2012

Non-thermal plasma processing using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) has been investigated as an alternative method for the degradation of non-biodegradable organic compounds in wastewater. The active species such as OH radical, produced by the electrical discharge may play an important role in degrading organic compound in water. The degradation of N, N-Dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline (RNO) was investigated as an indicator of the generation of OH radical. The DBD plasma reactor of this study consisted of a plasma reactor, recycling pump, power supply and reservoir. The effect of diameter of external reactor (15 ~ 40 mm), width of ground electrode (2.5 ~ 30 cm), shape (pipe, spring) and material (copper, stainless steel and titanium) of ground electrode, water circulation rate (3.1 ~ 54.8 cm/s), air flow rate (0.5 ~ 3.0 L/min) and ratio of packing material (0 ~ 100 %) were evaluated. The experimental results showed that shape and materials of ground were not influenced the RNO degradation. Optimum diameter of external reactor, water circulation rate and air flow rate for RNO degradation were 30 mm, 25.4 cm/s and 4 L/min, respectively. Ground electrode length to get the maximum RNO degradation was 30 cm, which was same as reactor length. Filling up of glass beads decreased the RNO degradation. Among the experimented parameters, air flow rate was most important parameters which are influenced the decomposition of RNO.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.131-134
• /
• 2007

The kinetic analyses for thermal products of alpha-, gamma- and delta-tocopherols during heating as functions of temperature and time were studied. Alpha-, gamma- and delta-tocopherols dissolved in glycerol were heated at $100{\sim}200^{\circ}C$ for $5{\sim}60$ min. The thermal products were separated by hexane extraction and analyzed by HPLC using a reversed phase ${\mu}-Bondapak$ $C_{18}-column$ with two kinds of elution solvents in a gradient mode. The formation kinetics of thermal products of tocopherols followed a first-order kinetic model. The formation rate of thermal products of tocopherols was dependent on heating temperatures and heating times. The activation energy and enthalpy for the thermal products of ${\gamma}-and$ ${\delta}-tocopherols$ were higher than those for ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ as in the case of the oxidative degradation kinetics of tocopherol. The magnitude order of the activation energy was ${\gamma}->{\delta}->{\alpha}-tocopherol$.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.1189-1196
• /
• 1988

본 연구에서는 내경이 각각 8.5mm와 10.3mm이며 무차원길이가 각각 710과 1158인 두 개의 시험관을 사용하는 유동장치를 제작하여 시험관 입구에서부터 유체역 학적 경계층(hydrodynamic boundary layer)과 열적 경계층(thermal boundary layer)이 동시에 발달하기 시작하는 경계조건을 형성하고 관벽에서 일정한 열 플럭스(constant heat flux)를 발생하는 조건을 부여하였다. 퇴화현상(degradation)에 대하여 비교적 안정성을 가진 폴리아크라마이드(polyacrylamide) Separan Ap273을 수도물에 용해하여 제조한 폴리머용액으로 유동특성과 열전달특성을 실험하여 열적입구길이와 열전달특성 을 규명하고자 한다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.69-75
• /
• 1990

The effect of thermal cycling on the hydrogenation characteristics of the $Mg_2Cu-H$ system was investigated in order to study of intrinsic degradation of the system. The hydrogen storage capacity decreased with thermal cycling from $573^{\circ}K$ to $663^{\circ}K$. By the thermal analysis it is found that stable $MgH_2$ hydride is formed during thermal cycling. With a heat treatment at $693^{\circ}K$ at a hydrogen pressure of 16 atm, the hydrogenation rate drastically decreased. From these observation, it suggested that the intrinsic degradation of $Mg_2Cu$ system results from mainly the formation of stable $MgH_2$ hydride phase.