• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.460-464
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• 2017

As increasing thermal efficiency of the gas turbine, the performance improvement of thermal barrier coatings is also becoming important. Ytrria stabilized zirconia(YSZ) is the most popular materials for ceramic top coating because of its low thermal conductivity. In order to enhance the performance of thermal barrier coatings for hot sections in the gas turbine, suspension plasma spraying was developed in order to feed nano-sized powders. YSZ coatings formed by suspension plasma spraying showed better performance than YSZ coatings due to its exclusive microstructure. In this research, two YSZ coatings were deposited by suspension vacuum plasma spraying at 400 mbar and 250 mbar. Microstructures of YSZ coatings were analyzed by scanning electron image(SEM) on each spraying conditions, respectively. Crystalline structure transformation was not detected by X-ray diffraction. Thermal conductivity of suspension vacuum plasma sprayed YSZ coatings were measured by laser flash analysis. Thermal conductivity of suspension vacuum plasma sprayed YSZ coatings containing horizontally oriented nano-sized pores and vertical cracks showed $0.6-1.0W/m{\cdot}K$, similar to thermal conductivity of YSZ coatings formed by atmospheric plasma spraying.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 콘크리트지하차도 시공 시 수화열에 의한 열응력 분포 특성을 분석하여 시공 재료와 시공 과정에 따른 균열 발생 여부를 분석하여 설계 시에 균열을 억제할 수 있는 재료 특성과 시공 단계를 제시하는 방법에 대하여 연구하였다. 이러한 분석을 위해 열전달 이론을 도입하여 지하차도의 3차원 유한요소해석 모델을 개발하여 구조해석을 수행하였다. 1회 타설하는 콘크리트 부재의 부피가 지나치게 크면 매스콘크리트가 되기 때문에 수화열에 의한 균열이 발생하기 쉬우며 이러한 균열을 억제할 수 있는 방법으로는 크게 시공 단계를 적절하게 배치하는 것과 또는 이러한 균열을 방지 할 수 있도록 재료 특성을 바꾸어 시공하는 것으로 구분할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이를 위해 콘크리트 재료 성질의 시간에 따른 변화 특성 시멘트 종류 및 첨가제 유무에 따른 수화열 발생 특성, 시공 단계에 따른 구조물의 크기, 외부 환경조건 등을 고려하여 분석을 수행하였다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.160-167
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• 2011

Plasma sprayed ceramic coatings inherently contain pores and usually also cracks. Post-treatment of the plasma sprayed coatings is a way to close the connected pores and cracks. In this study, post-sealing treatment in plasma sprayed $Al_2O_3$ coatings was employed to overcome the reduction of coating properties. $Al_2O_3$ plasma thermal spray coating was made on aluminum alloys plate, $CrO_3$ post coating and heat treatment at $550^{\circ}C$ was carried out in order for final $Cr_2O_3$ to be saturated through phase transformation. Chromia sealing began at the fine defect in coated microstructure, while larger pores were permeated later. The increase in concentration and treatment frequency of sealing solution resulted in the decrease of porosity of coating layer, while cracks occurred partially after the third treatment. After twice treatment of 10M $CrO_3$ solution, microhardness and breakdown voltage of $Al_2O_3$ coatings were found to increase by ${\fallingdotseq}$ 50% and ${\fallingdotseq}$ 390% respectively than without post-treatment.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2014

The goal of this study is to investigate some crack behaviors which affect the crack propagation angle at the planar solid oxide fuel cell with cracks under the fabricating and operating temperature and analyze the stresses by 3 steps processing on the solid oxide fuel cell. Currently, there are lots of researches of the performance improvement for fuel cells, and also for the more powerful efficiency. However, the planar solid oxide fuel cell has demerits which the electrode materials have much brittle properties and the thermal condition during the operating process. It brings some problems which have lower reliability owing to the deformation and cracks from the thermal expansion differences between the electrolyte, cathode and anode electrodes. Especially the crack in the corner of the electrodes gives rise to the fracture and deterioration of the fuel cells. Thus it is important to evaluate the behavior of the cracks in the solid oxide fuel cell for the performance and safety operation. From the results, we showed the stress distributions from the cathode to the anode and the effects of the edge crack in the electrolyte and the slant crack in the anode. Futhermore the crack propagation angle was expected according to the crack length and slant angle and the variation of the stress intensity factors for the each fracture mode was shown.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제50권9호
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• pp.697-702
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• 2012

In this study, unidirectional and plain woven carbon fiber reinforced magnesium matrix composite laminates were fabricated by the liquid pressing infiltration process, and evolutions of the microstructure and compressive strength of the composite laminates under corrosion were investigated by static immersion tests. In the case of the unidirectional composite laminate, the main microstructural damage during immersion appeared as a form of corrosion induced cracks, which were formed at both CF/Mg interfaces and the interfaces between layers. On the otherhand, wrap/fill interface cracks were mainly formed in the plain woven composite laminate, without any cracks at the CF/Mg interface. The formation of these cracks was considered to be associated with internal thermal residual stress, which was generated during cooling after the fabrication process of these materials. As a consequence of the corrosion induced cracks, the thickness of both laminates increased in directions vertical to the fibers with increasing immersion time. With increasing immersion time, the compressive strengths of both composite laminates also decreased continuously. It was found that the plain woven composite laminates have superior corrosion resistance and stability under a corrosive condition than unidirectional laminates.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.629-646
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• 2023

천전리 각석의 모암은 백악기 경상누층군의 대구층에 속하는 셰일이다. 이 암석은 열변질을 받아 혼펠스화 되어 경도가 높고 치밀한 조직을 갖는다. 각석의 표면은 일정한 깊이의 풍화대를 형성하고 있으며 비풍화대와는 광물 및 화학조성에 차이가 있다. 각석의 물리적 손상도 평가 결과, 균열은 대부분 층리와 평행하게 나타나며 상대적으로 조직의 치밀도가 낮은 상부에 집중된다. 탈락은 각석의 상부와 하부에서 전체 면적의 6.0%를 차지하며, 균열이 교차하는 쐐기작용에 따라 생성된 것으로 보이다. 표면을 점유하는 1차 박락은 전체면적의 23.8%이며, 2차 박락은 9.3%, 3차례 이상 발생한 박락은 3.4%로 산출되었다. 이는 자연적 풍화와 과거 이곳에서 화장하던 풍습으로 인한 열충격이 영향을 주었을 것으로 판단된다. 초음파 물성으로 보아 각석은 층리와 평행한 수평방향으로 높은 강도를 지시하며, 물리적 손상이 적은 영역은 평균 4,684m/s를 기록하였으나 균열대 및 박리박락이 심한 곳은 평균 2,597에서 3,382m/s로 차이를 보였다. 천전리 각석의 물리적 손상은 풍화작용이 반복되면서 암석 표면이 내부보다 정도가 심화되고 광물의 결합력이 약해져 나타난 것으로 보인다. 따라서 비풍화대보다 풍화대에서 응력이 크게 발생할 때 상대적으로 풍화된 표면이 지지력을 잃고 박락이 발생한 것으로 이해할 수 있다.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2007년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.340-343
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• 2007

콘크리트포장의 줄눈의 초기균열발생과 움직임에 영향을 주는 중요한 인자는 콘크리트 내부의 초기온도이므로 이를 측정하고 분석하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 이를 연구하기 위해 인천국제공항 포장공사 지역에 써머커플과 습도센서, 진동형스트레인게이지, 디멕디스크 등을 설치하였다. 초기균열 거동은 디멕게이지를 이용하여 측정하였고, 초기균열 및 줄눈분 균열은 육안으로 확인 하였다. 분석결과, 콘크리트포장의 온도는 줄눈거동에 크게 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 줄눈에 발생한 균열의 폭은 콘크리트슬래브의 열팽창의 영향으로 온도가 하강하는 야간이나 새벽에 증가하고, 온도가 상승하는 주간에는 줄어드는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 균열이 발생하지 않은 줄눈의 거동은 이와는 반대의 경향을 나타내었다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.249-256
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• 1998

결정입자 크기와 광물구성 분포가 른 포천화강암, 거창화강암, 상주화강암을 실험 대상으로 선택하여 $600^{\circ}C$까지 예열처리하였다. 예열에 따른 열균열의 발생 정도를 조사하기 위하여 연마편에 대한 반사현미경 관찰을 실시하였으며, 예열시험편의 변형거동에 열균열이 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 단축압축시험을 수행하였다. 현미경 관찰 결과에 의하면 암종에 관계없이 $600^{\circ}C$예열시험편의 결정 경계부에서는 대부분 경계균열이 발생하였으며, 많은 결정입자에서 입자 내 균열고 관찰되었다. 특히, 입자 내 균열은 거창화강암과 포천화강암에서 현저히 많은 것으로 나타났다. 예열시험편에 대한 단축압축시험 결과 일정한 응력수준까지 음의 횡변형율이 발생하는 비정상적인 변형거동이 나타났으며 이로 인해 음의 포아송비기 발생하였다. 음의 횡변형율은 예열시험편의 냉각과정동안 결정입자의 유발된 잔류응력에 의해 발생하는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2003

The first stage rotating blade of industrial gas turbine is one of the components that is normally run in exposed state at the highest temperature of the combustion gas stream. For this reason superior materials and advanced cooling technology are required to allow higher heat resisting characteristics of the component. The 1st stage blade of a selected commercial gas turbine blade made of directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy has a row of cooling holes on its trailing edge. In most cases, minor cracks have been found at some of the root cooling holes after one cycle operation (24,000 hrs) or even shorter operation time because of the high temperature gradient and the frequently alternating thermal stress. In the repair process, unfortunately, it is usually very difficult to get rid of the damage due to the fact that cracks are initiated at the root cooling hole and propagated deep into the hole. In this study, the feasibility of removing the sidewall cracks in the hole by utilizing EDM drilling has been investigated. Also the criteria of surface integrity for EDM drilling were established to achieve high quality repair as well as machining accuracy.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2005

The localization of manufacturing technique development is actualizing for low cost with supplies of display devices. We need more high cutting technique because consumers want flat glasses of various sizes. Recently, most general two methods are normal wheel cutting and laser cutting, but both of them have some faults. First, the wheel cutting has cracks and sharp edges of sections. Second, it is easy for laser cutting to cut curved lines. however, it has thermal damage and low traverse speed. I suggest a new cutting method by high-wave frequency vibration wheel cutting(HFVC), which is good for quality improvement. Vertical cracks and crack depth is observed, after HFVC. When the average of the crack depth is $30{\mu}m$ and the average of the wallner liner depth is $200{\mu}m$, it has the most high quality of the sections in this experiment. As a result, when we consider between the normal wheel cutting method and the HFVC method, the latter has low cracks and good quality.