• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.67-71
• /
• 2008

Formwork is a temporary structure that supports its weight and that of fresh concrete as well as construction live loads. Slab formwork consists of sheathing, stringer, hanger and shore. In construction site, pipe supports are usually used as shores which are consisted of the slab formwork. In this study, compressive strength of 80 pipe supports was measured by knife edge test and plate test. Buckling load of pipe supports was analyzed by structural analysis program(MlDAS). Theoretical buckling load with/without initial deformation was got by theoretical analysis. According to these results, buckling load which was analyzed by structural analysis program(MlDAS) was larger than compressive strength of knife edge test and plate test. Theoretical buckling load without initial deformation was larger than compressive strength of knife edge test and plate test. But Theoretical buckling load with initial deformation was lower than compressive strength of knife edge test and plate test. Initial deformation equation for test method according to the pipe support length was suggested. Therefore, the present study results will be used to design the slab formwork safely.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.155-170
• /
• 2019

This paper presents a novel test method for the galloping of iced conductor using wind generated by a moving vehicle which can produce relative wind field. The theoretical formula of transiting test is developed based on theoretical derivation and field test. The test devices of transiting test method for aerodynamic coefficient and galloping of an iced conductor are designed and assembled, respectively. The test method is then used to measure the aerodynamic coefficient and galloping of iced conductor which has been performed in the relevant literatures. Experimental results reveal that the theoretical formula of transiting test method for aerodynamic coefficient of iced conductor is accurate. Moreover, the driving wind speed measured by Pitot tube pressure sensors, as well as the lift and drag forces measured by dynamometer in the transiting test are stable and accurate. Vehicle vibration slightly influences the aerodynamic coefficients of the transiting test during driving in ideal conditions. Results of transiting test show that the tendencies of the aerodynamic coefficient curve are generally consistent with those of the wind tunnel tests in related studies. Meanwhile, the galloping is fairly consistent with that obtained through the wind tunnel test in the related literature. These studies validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the transiting test method. The present study on the transiting test method provides a novel testing method for research on the wind-resistance of iced conductor.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.69-79
• /
• 1988

This study was to increase the experimental learning effect of textile materials in middle and high school. To this study, three kinds of simply devised apparatus were used for warmth retaining test, air permeability test and static electricity test. Two classes were chosen in a girls' high school comparing learning effect and classified the theoretical learning group and the experimental learning group. In the experimental group, a teaching plan to teach the properties of textile materials was made to use these apparatuses. The results were. 1. In the interest on the unit either the theoretical learning group or the experimental learning group were not different significantly. 2. In the items facilitation of motivation, unsatisfied desires and prevention of failure, effect of transfer and development of inquiry power, both groups were significant. 3. For the purpose of comparing the learning effect, two groups were examined for determining the level of understanding after teaching properties of textile materials. The mean value of the experimental learning group was higher than that of the theoretical learning group. The experimental learning group had more higher markers(over the point of 90) than the theoretical learning group.

• 자동차안전학회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.34-42
• /
• 2020

ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) uses sensors such as camera, radar, lidar and GPS (Global Positioning System). Among these sensors, the camera has many advantages compared with other sensors. The reason is that it is cheap, easy to use and can identify objects. In this paper, therefore, a theoretical formula was proposed to obtain the distance from the vehicle's front wheel to the lane using a monocular camera. And the validity of the theoretical formula was verified through the actual vehicle test. The results of the actual vehicle test in scenario 4 resulted in a maximum error of 0.21 m. The reason is that it is difficult to detect the lane in the curved road, and it is judged that errors occurred due to the occurrence of significant yaw rates. The maximum error occurred in curve road condition, but the error decreased after lane return. Therefore, the proposed theoretical formula makes it possible to assess the safety of the LKA system.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 1998년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.187-194
• /
• 1998

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
• /
• 제50권5호
• /
• pp.243-248
• /
• 2001

In this paper, we present theoretical and experimental study on the viscous damping of the on-substrate torsional micromirrors, oscillating near the silicon substrates. In this theoretical study, we develop theoretical models and test structures for the viscous damping of the on-substrate torsional micromirrors. From a finite element analysis, we estimate the theoretical damping coefficients of the torsional micromirrors. From a finite element analysis, we estimate the theoretical damping coefficients of the torsional micromirrors, fabricated by the surface-micromaching process. From the electrostatic test of the fabricated devices, frequency-dependent rotationalvelocity of the micromirrors has been measured at the atmospheric pressure using devices, frequency-dependent rotational velocity of the micromirrors has been measured at the atmospheric pressure using the Mach-Zehnder interferometer system. Experimental damping coefficients have been extracted from the least square fit of the measured rotational velocity within the filter bandwidth of 150 kHz. We have compared the theoretical values and the experimental results on the dynamic performance of the micromirrors. The theoretical analysis overstimates the resonant frequency in the amount of 15%, while underestimating the viscous damping in the factors of 10%.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.271-278
• /
• 1999

Soil filters are commonly used to protect the soil structures from eroding and piping. When filters are clogged by fine particles which are progressively accumulated, these may lead to buildup of excessive pore pressures also leading to instability in subsurface infrastructure. A filter in the backfill of a retaining wall, a filter adjacent to the lining of a tunnel, or a filter in the bottom of an earth dam can be clogged by transported fine particles. This causes reduction in the permeability, which in turn may lead to intolerable decreases in their drainage capacity. In this thesis, the extent of this reduction is addressed using results from both experimental and theoretical investigations. In the experimental phase, the permeability reduction of a filter is monitored when an influent of constant concentration flows into the filter (uncoupled test), and when the water flow through the soil-filter system to simulate an in-situ condition (coupled test), respectively. The results of coupled and uncoupled test are compared with among others. In the theoretical phase of the investigation, a representative elemental volume of the soil filter was modeled as an ensemble of capillary tubes and the permeability reduction due to physical clogging was simulated using basic principles of flow in cylindrical tubes. In general, it was found that the permeability was reduced by at least one order of magnitude, and that the results from the uncoupled test and theoretical investigations were in good agreement. It is observed that the amount of deposited particles of the coupled test matches fairly well with that of the uncoupled test, which indicates that the prediction of permeability reduction is possible by preforming the uncoupled test instead of the coupled test, and/or by utilizing the theoretical model.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.91-99
• /
• 2014

Ordinary heterotrophic organism (OHO) active biomass plays key roles in biological wastewater treatment processes. However, due to the lack of measurement techniques, the OHO active biomass exists hypothetically within the design and simulation of biological wastewater treatment processes. This research was purposed to develop a quick and easy quantifying technique for the OHO active biomass applying a modified batch aerobic growth test. Two nitrification-denitrification activated sludge systems, with 10- and 20-day sludge ages, were operated to provide well-cultured mixed liquor to the batch tests. A steady state design model was firstly applied to quantify the "theoretical" OHO active biomass concentration of the two parent systems. The mixed liquor from the parent systems was then inoculated to a batch growth test and a batch digestion test to estimate the "measured" OHO active biomass concentration in the mixed liquor. The measured OHO active biomass concentrations with the batch growth test and the batch digestion test were compared to the theoretical concentrations of the parent system. The measured concentrations with the batch growth test were generally smaller than the theoretical concentrations. However, the measured concentrations with the batch aerobic digestion tests showed a good correlation to the theoretical concentrations. Thus, a different microbial growth condition (i.e., a higher food/biomass ratio) in the batch growth test, compared to the parent system or the batch digestion test, was found to cause underestimation of the OHO active biomass concentrations.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.383-389
• /
• 1999

This paper is a study on the improvement effects by quick lime pile through theoretical analysis and in-situ construction test. Effects of strength increase is studied to verify the improvement effects of soft ground arounding quick lime pile. First, engineering characteristics of quick lime and ground was studied, in the second place, laboratory test(consolidation test, triaxial compression test) and in-situ test(portable cone penetration test, vane test) were peformed for verification of strength increase of adjacent ground. Finally, the results of in-situ test were compared with those of theorecal study. From in-situ test results, strength at 28th curing days(6.11-6.55t/㎡) was twice as great as strength before improvement(3.06t/㎡) and was slightly greater than theoretical value(4.95t/㎡).

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
• /
• pp.293-302
• /
• 2010

2 types of geogrids and geotextiles was used to evaluate shear behaviors after installation damage test. Shear behaviors were compared after installation damage test and coefficient of resistance to direct sliding($f_{ds}$) was estimated by theoretical shear analysis. Shear strength of damaged geogrid decreased under high normal stress of 150kPa and shear strength of geotextile decreased with increasing normal stress. It is seen that $f_{ds}$ values after installation damage decreased than before installation damage through comparison calculated $f_{ds}$ by direct theoretical shear analysis. $f_{ds}$ values to be calculated by theoretical shear analysis were changed with before and after installation damage.