• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.235-260
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• 2003

Recently, I presented Gagok(歌曲) Collection Yeong-eon永言 to learned circles. Yeong-eon is very similar to Yukdang-version六堂本 CheongGuYeongeon靑丘永言. Compared with Cheong- Yuk, it is the same age or little bit early time of Cheong-Yuk in culture Icon. This paper paid attention to the considerable difference between Yeong-eon and Cheong-Yuk in the way of the distribution of Yisakdaeyap二數大 葉's Woo mode羽調 and Ke-myeon mode界面調. There was the way of gathering ‘real name’+‘namelessness’ in Yisakdaeyap, which is the feature of the 18th century Gagok Collection. I found this way just put on the 19th century Gagok Collection way which is the distribution of Yisakdaeyap's 'Woo mode and Ke-myeon mode' in CheongYuk. Then I proved in this paper that the way of gathering Yisakdaeyap in Cheong Yuk didn't correspond to an actual singing in the early 19th century when 'Woo mode and Ke-myeon mode' was fixed. In case of Yeong-eon, however, it was not written any writers' names at all, when it was researched retroactively, I knew it was distributed evenly both the works of 'real name' and 'namelessness' in Yisakdaeyaps 'Woo mode and Ke-myeon mode'. Consequently, I found Yeong-eon is the good Gagok Collection for an actual singing at that time. In addition, there was discord in the mode or key distribution among many Gagok Collections. I found this issue of the application had kept on make Gagok Collections edit during 2 centuries. Because the actual Gagok enjoyment in the specific time is connected the way of the mode application directly.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.20.1-20.9
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the bond strength of 2 universal adhesives used in different application modes to bleached enamel. Materials and Methods: Extracted 160 sound human incisors were used for the study. Teeth were divided into 4 treatment groups: No treatment, 35% hydrogen peroxide, 16% carbamid peroxide, 7.5% carbamid peroxide. After bleaching treatments, groups were divided into subgroups according to the adhesive systems used and application modes (n = 10): 1) Single Bond Universal, etch and rinse mode; 2) Single Bond Universal, self-etch mode; 3) Gluma Universal, etch and rinse mode; 4) Gluma Universal, self-etch mode. After adhesive procedures nanohybrid composite resin cylinders were bonded to the enamel surfaces. All specimens were subjected to shear bond strength (SBS) test after thermocycling. Data were analyzed using a 3-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc test. Results: No significant difference were found among bleaching groups (35% hydrogen peroxide, 16% carbamid peroxide, 7.5% carbamid peroxide, and no treatment groups) in the mean SBS values. There was also no difference in SBS values between Single Bond Universal and Gluma Universal at same application modes, whereas self-etch mode showed significantly lower SBS values than etch and rinse mode (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The bonding performance of the universal adhesives was enhanced with the etch and rinse mode application to bleached enamel and non-bleached enamel.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.33-36
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• 2009

A 1 MW class HTS (High-Temperature Superconducting) synchronous motor has been developed. This motor is aimed to be utilized for industrial application such as large motors operating in large plants. The HTS field coil of the developed motor is cooled by way of neon thermo siphonmechanism and the stator (armature) coil is cooled by water through hollow copper conductor. This paper also describes evaluation of some electrical parameters from performance test results of our motor, which was conducted at steady state in generator mode and motor mode. Open and short circuit tests were conducted in generator mode while a 1.1 MW rated induction machine was rotating the HTS machine. Electrical parameters such as mutual inductance and synchronous inductance are deduced from these tests. Load test was done upto rating torque during motor mode and efficiency was measured at each load torque.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.262-267
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• 2007

Detection of gas leak from a tube is a very important issue in the quality control of machines such as the heat exchanger of an air-conditioner, because leakage of operating gas directly reduces the performance of machines. The acoustic emission (AE) method is a common way to detect leak of gas, however its application under the environment of mechanical vibration is restricted since most AE detectors are very sensitive to external vibration noise. In order to overcome this problem, we propose a method based on the mode analysis of the Lamb wave. In this method, the dominant Lamb mode and its frequency are found first, and then a proper band-pass filter is used to retain only this frequency component. In this way, we could improve the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) of AE signal generated by gas leak from the tube even under vibratory environment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.69-75
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• 2019

Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) controls as a type of unmanned aerial vehicle (drone) is growing rapidly and its flight controller stick disposition is required standardization. We should standardize RPA drone flight control disposition because the flight pilot of RPA is hard to be trained so the flight controller stick differences impairs safety and wastes time and effort of flight controller industry. So this study researches the on-going standardization of RPA drone flight control disposition in Korea and foreign countries. Also this paper analyzes and researches of expert about RPA drone flight controller function and application of flight control mode. I accomplished expert research about standardization plan of unmanned flight control mode and confirm the necessity. Nowadays mode1 and 2 are mostly used in Korea so I carried out preference investigation for two modes. There were 4 preferences choices of RPA drone control mode necessity (importance) and recommendation of standardization modes. They answered that necessity of standardization is important considering pilot training, flight safety and positive development of drone industry. The result of standardization mode preference is that they prefer mode 2 (drone maker 86%, training facilities and research facilities 58%, government bureau 60%). Overall preference result shows that mode 1 24%, mode 1&2 16%, mode 2 60%. So they preferred mode 2 by 60%. The differences between two modes are the direction of throttle and pitch. Direction of throttle and pitch operate opposite way. They prefer mode 2 because mode 2 has similarities of manned flight control mode. Significance of this study is that it showed the necessity of standardization and flight control preference in a quantitative way. It will help drone standardization in related industries and development direction near future.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.3 s.71
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• pp.232-243
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• 2007

Objective : This study researched the application of Sa-am acupuncture for the treatment of hiccup. Methods : We investigated the literature for Sa-am acupuncture treatment and traditional acupuncture treatment for hiccup. Result & Conclusion : In traditional oriental medicine, hiccup is considered to be caused by uprising stomach gi, whereas, in Sa-am acupuncture, it is considered to be caused by weakness and impurity of lung gi. In Sa-am acupuncture, hiccup is divided into five classes; reverse hiccup (treated with large intestine tonification), wind hiccup (treated with liver tonification), fire hiccup (treated with heart tonification), damp hiccup (treated with spleen tonification) and cold hiccup (treated with kidney tonification). In traditional oriental medicine, hiccup is treated by way of lowering the uprising stomach gi, while, in Sa-am acupuncture, hiccup is treated by way of removing whichever of the original cause of hiccups (impurity of large intestine, damage to liver, dry heat of heart, impairment of spleen, exhaustion of kidney) caused the weakness and the impurity of lung gi. In Sa-am acupuncture, the therapeutic mode for all the five causes of hiccups is tonification mode.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.1496-1499
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• 1996

A nonlinear tracking control technique developed for the control of nonlinear systems has been applied to the autopilot design of missile system. The difficulties in the application of inversion based control methods such as input-output feedback linearization and sliding mode control due to nonminimum phase characteristics are discussed. To avoid the stability problem associated with unstable zero dynamics, the input-output feedback linearization is applied with output-redefinition method to normal acceleration control. The output-redefinition method gives an indirect way to apply the nonlinear controls to nonminimum phase plants by redefining the plant output such that the tracking control of the modified output ensures the asymptotic tracking of the original output. The numerical simulation shows satisfactory results both for nominal and for slightly perturbed missile systems adopting the sliding mode control technique. However, the robustness problem in this method is briefly investigated and verified with the simulation.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 2008

A 1MW class HTS(High-Temperature Superconducting) synchronous motor has been developed. This motor was aimed to be utilized for industrial application such as large motors operating in large plants. The HTS field windings of the developed motor is cooled by way of Neon thermosiphon mechanism and the stator coil is cooled by water through hollow copper conductor. This paper describes performance test results of our motor, which was conducted at steady state in generator mode and motor mode.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.32.1-32.10
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the application method of universal adhesives on the shear bond strength (SBS) of repaired composites, applied with different thicknesses. Materials and Methods: The 84 specimens (Filtek Z350 XT) were prepared, stored in distilled water for a week and thermocycled (5,000 cycles, 5℃ to 55℃). They were roughened using 400-grit sandpapers and etched with phosphoric acid. Then, specimens were equally divided into 2 groups; Single Bond Universal (SU) and Prime&Bond Universal (PB). Each group was subdivided into 3 subgroups according to application methods (n = 14); UC: 1 coat + uncuring, 1C: 1 coat + curing, 3C: 3 coats + curing. After storage of the repaired composite for 24 hours, specimens were subjected to the SBS test and the data were statistically analyzed by 2-way analysis of variance and independent t-tests. Specimens were examined with a stereomicroscope to analyze fracture mode and a scanning electron microscope to observe the interface. Results: Adhesive material was a significant factor (p = 0.001). Bond strengths with SU were higher than PB. The highest strength was obtained from the 1C group with SU. Bonding in multiple layers increased adhesive thicknesses, but there was no significant difference in SBS values (p = 0.255). Failure mode was predominantly cohesive in old composites. Conclusions: The application of an adequate bonding system plays an important role in repairing composite resin. SU showed higher SBS than PB and the additional layers increased the adhesive thickness without affecting SBS.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.29-47
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• 2009

Generally, if RGB image is sent to the printer when we print a digital photograph, the printer will convert RGB to CMYK by the inner built-in drive. Because the difference between color domain of RGB and CMYK will cause that change and difference. The most common way to solve the problem is to convert colors by using ICC profile at RIP software or to adapt automatic color converting from the software of the original printer. So we intended to study show which way is most efficient to the digital output and which color mode device is the best based on the printer's own drive in this paper. we tried to observe and check the extended range of color space such as AdobeRGB as well as CMYK and sRGB. Then we made sure which is the suitable color space. Besides, When we convert RGB mode into CMYK mode by utilizing RIP software and adapt the printer's ICC profile made by our selves, we evaluated the output we get and compared the result with extended RGB image. The results are as follows. In case of RGB mode, the printer requests RGB, and that makes the color space more efficient than CMYK's. Converted to CMYK by utilizing RIP software, the chroma is more linearized than the one produced with its' own driver. Compared with sRGB mode's color gamut, AdobeRGB mode's color gamut and CMYK mode's color, CMYK mode's color gamut is the smallest among 3 of them. CMYK mode's color gamut by utilizing RIP software can be changeable. that can be small and narrow or wide and broad. In other words, the volume of color gamut depends on how CMYK is linearized. The color space of sRGB is more advantageous than the one of AdobeRGB in color-reproduction printed. But in the group $-b^*$, the chroma leaves behind in terms of reproduction, In the group of $-a^*$, the chroma is excellent relatively. Visual evaluation of the image, AdobeRGB image has not many reproduction colors. Specially, according to printers' characteristics, Group B of AdobeRGB and sRGB color space is a long way behind In terms of reproduction but Group Y is excellent relatively.