• 농업과학연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 1987

본(本) 실험(實驗)은 대두(大豆)에 대한 질소(窒素)의 추비효과(追肥效果)를 구명(究明)하고자 1986년(年)에 장엽(長葉)콩을 공시(供試)하여 파종기(播種期)(단작(單作)- 5월(月) 15일(日) 파종(播種), 맥후작(麥後作)- 6월(月) 18일(日) 파종(播種))를 주구(主區), 추비량(追肥量)(0, 3, 6, 9 kg/10 a)을 세구(細區), 추비시기(追肥時期)(배토기(培土期), 개화기(開花期))를 세세구(細細區)로 하여 포장실험(圃場實驗)을 실시(實施)하였던 바 그 얻어진 결과(結果)를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 개화(開花) 및 성숙일수(成熟日數)는 배토기(培土期) 추비구(追肥區)가 개화기추비구(開花期追肥區)보다 1일간(日間) 지연(遲延) 되었다. 2. 주경절수(主莖節數)와 절간장(節間長)은 처리간(處理間)에 변이폭(變異幅)이 작고 일정(一定)한 경향(傾向)이 나타나지 않아서 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되지 않았으나 분지절수(分枝節數)는 맥후작(麥後作)에 비(比)하여 단작(單作)에서 많았으며 두 파종기(播種期) 공히 추비량(追肥量)이 증가할수록 개화기(開花期) 추비구(追肥區)에서 보다 배토기추비구(培土期追肥區)에서 그 경향(傾向)이 현저(顯著)하였는데 특히 10 a 당(當) 6 kg 추비구(追肥區)의 분지절수(分枝節數)가 가장 많아서 고도(高度)의 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었다. 3. 개화(開花) 10, 25 및 40 일후(日後)의 지상부(地上部) 생체중(生體重)과 건물중(乾物重)은 두 파종기(播種期)에 관계(關係)없이 추비량(追肥量)이 많을수록 무거워서 높은 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었는데 같은 파종기(播種期)에 있어서는 개화기(開花期) 추비구(追肥區)에서 보다 배토기(培土期) 추비구(追肥區)에서 그 경향(傾向)이 더욱 뚜렷하였다. 4. 근류수(根瘤數) 및 근류생(根瘤生) 건물중(乾物重)은 단작(單作)보다 맥후작(麥後作)에서 현저(顯著)히 감소(減少)하였고 파종기(播種期)에 관계(關係)없이 무추비구(無追肥區)에 비(比)하여 질소추비량(窒素追肥量)이 많을수록 감소(減少)되는 경향(傾向)이었으며 개화기(開花期) 추비구(追肥區)보다 배토기(培土期) 추비구(追肥區)에서 그 감소(減少) 경향(傾向)이 더욱 현저(顯著)하여 고도(高度)의 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었다. 5. 개체당(個體當) 내수(萊數), 입수(粒數) 및 자실중(子實重)은 맥후작(麥後作)보다 단작(單作)에서 많았고 질소(窒素) 추비량(追肥量)이 많을수록 현저(顯著)히 증가하는 경향(傾向)이었는데, 개화기(開花期) 추비구(追肥區)보다 배토기(培土期) 추비구(追肥區)에서 많았고 특히 배토기(培土期)의 10 a 당(當) 6 kg 추비구(追肥區)에서 가장 높았다. 또한 10 a 당(當) 수량(收量)도 처리간(處理間)에 높은 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었는데 파종기(播種期)에 관계(關係)없이 배토기(培土期)의 10 a 당(當) 6 kg 추비구(追肥區)에서 가장 많았다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.155-165
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• 1994

In this study, the following factors are investigated from experiments for a vertical parallel plate heat exchanger under the frosting condition ; the growth of frost layer, the characteristics of heat and mass transfer, the change of mass flow rate of the air passing through the heat exchanger, and the pressure drop of the air in the heat exchanger. The amount of heat and mass flux of water vapor transferred from the air stream to the heat exchanger surface is large at the early stage of frosting and then decreases dramatically, and the extent of decreasing rate becomes moderate with time. The frost layer formed near the inlet of the heat exchanger is thicker and denser than that formed near the outlet. It is found that the gradient of the amount of frost along the flow direction increases with time. In the early period of frost formation, the thermal resistance between the air and the cooling plate increases dramatically and then the extent of change decreases with time. Initially the convective thermal resistance is dominant. Then, while the convective thermal resistance decreases with time, the conductive thermal resistance continues to increase with time and finally the conductive thermal resistance becomes dominant.

• 복식
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• 제41권
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• pp.185-206
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to improve productivity for maximum effects with the present equipments and staff. This study compared and analyzed the mea-sured time by using stop watch method and MTM, which was the new measuring method. The flow and results of this study were as follows: 1. This study investigated the theoretical background the efficiency for production management, and the way of productivity improvement through documentary research. 2. Setting up the standard flow on the experi-mental company production, making out a process chart and measuring the actual working hour. 3. The study measured the allowance time applying work sampling. 4. Each process of the movement analysis was filmed by video to use basic data. 5. MTM analysis was taken by choosing 10 processes from front bodice according to the basic movement of MTM. Through the results, this study exclude unneccesary movements and suggest a method for working ways. 6. Using the actual working hour measured by a stop watch calculated the pitch time and presumed the amount of daily productivity. 7. The result of the work sampling came out as 38% of allowance rate. It was 13% higher than the standard amount of woman's jacket allowance rate, which was 25%. The most influencing factor was work discussion. That was because there were commuication problem of the work way between the operator and leader. More adequate use of flow table and level passing table was needed. There were the problems that inappropriate places and sizes made the distance of movements longer and often needed more adjustment of works and surroundings. To prevent breakdowns equipments check ups were necessary before works. 8. The results of MTM analysis were as follow : the time was reduced 40% than the actual measured time by a stop watch. This was because the leveling of the operator was included in the real calculation. Also, leveling was included in MTM analysis and all the conditions were standarized. Therefore MTM method was a scientidic measuring way of establishing the standard time. The presented method of this study, suggested an ideal method eliminating unneccesary motions, and presented standardization of works. Improvement of working methods, work condition and simplifying motions in each 10 processes reduced the working time from total 656 seconds to 301 seconds. 9. The way and time of working was linked together in the MTM analysis methods. Thus data from MTM help suggest not only establishing standard time but also establishing stan-dard work. Plus it includes various ability for improvements of working ways. So it is an objective method which can be widely used in other work studies. 10. The function of a time study is to determine the amount of work produced with a given method. The work rate is used to establish the cost of labor. The wage of worker must be calculated per unit time which is deter-mined before the time study is made. This study tried to introduce the incentive rule for deciding wages according to the standard time by MTM method.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2014

This study used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate the micro-morphological features of two formaldehyde to urea (F/U) mole ratio liquid urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins with three hardener levels as a function of the curing time. The micro-morphological features of the liquid UF resins were characterized after different curing times. As a result, the TEM examination revealed the presence of globular/nodular structures in both liquid UF resins, while spherical particles were only visible in the low F/U mole ratio resins. The high F/U mole ratio liquid UF resins also showed extensive particle coalescence after adding the hardener, along with the appearance of complex filamentous networks. When the resins were cured with a higher amount of hardener and longer curing time, the spherical particles disappeared. For the low mole UF resins, the particles tended to coalesce with a higher amount of hardener and longer curing time, although discrete spherical particles were still observed in some regions. This is the first report on the distinct features of the crystal structures in low F/U mole ratio UF resins cured with 5% hardener and after 0.5 h of curing time. In conclusion, the present results indicate that the crystal structures of low F/U mole ratio UF resins are formed during the curing process.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2000

This study was to investigate the effects of concentration of malt extract in Sikhye manufacture on saccharification time, shapes of saccharified rice(the cooked rice) and sensory evaluation score of Sikhye. The optimum concentration of malt extract to reduce saccharification time and to keep desirable shapes of saccharified rice was 4 times (rice 24g, malt 28g and D.W. 240ml) as suitable as base composition formula(rice 6g, malt 7g and D.W. 240ml). The shapes of saccharified rice were influenced by the concentration of malt extract, the saccharification time and the shapes of steamed rice before saccharification. A good taste(softness) of Sikhye rice and the desirable shapes of saccharified rice were more suitable in the case of a small amount of unsaccharified starch than in the case of finishing saccharification. The optimum saccharification time to keep the desirable shapes of saccharified rice was 240min and also was desirable between 210 and 270min. To keep a good taste(softness) and the desirable shapes of saccharified rice, and to reduce the manufacturing time, it is desirable to in mass production of Sikhye add 3 times more water after making Sikhye in the ratio of rice 24g, malt 28g and water 240ml. In this case the whole amount will become 4 times as much as the original one.

• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.41-57
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• 1998

Since the aircraft has a property of moving in the three-dimensional space, it may cause personally and financially critical damage in the case of an accident. Among the causes of aircraft accident, human factor has occupied about 70% of all accidents. Specially, fatigue among human's problems has been studied earlier than any other factor. Fatigue has been the cause of 75% of accidents that are related to human factor. So many studies have been conducted. But the direction of these studies mainly attach importance to the sleep loss and circadian rhythm. Limitation for flight time of ICAO is 8 hours per day, civil airlines in domestic line also adopt the limitation. But this rule is not based on human's performance but compromise between labor and management. The long-haul flight brings about a mental block to pilot. This mental block decreases performance of pilot and loses a lot of important information. So this may cause many accidents. This paper is to offer optimal flight time according to the amount of fatigue due to increasing flight time. The optimal flight time is searched through the field experiment. The experiment has adopted two methods. One is to examine pilot's objective fatigue accumulation rate through the critical fusion frequency, and another is to investigate pilot's subjective fatigue feeling through the fatigue subjective symptoms investigation table.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.1497-1504
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 JPEG2000의 연산 시간을 줄일 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 웨이블릿 변환의 특성인 상관관계를 기반으로 상위 부대역에서 예측한 계수들의 정보를 이용하여 하위 부대역의 탐색 횟수를 줄인다. 이 방법은 컨텍스트 추출을 위한 연산량과 출력 데이터양이 줄어드나 화질의 열화가 심해지는 연산량과 화질 또는 데이터량간의 상보적 관계가 성립된다. 실험결과 제안한 알고리즘을 적용하였을 경우 표준에 비해 탐색 횟수가 35% 이상 감소함을 보여 수용할 만한 화질의 열화를 대가로 상당한 연산량 감소를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제28권1_2호
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• pp.531-537
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• 2010

In this paper, some vacation policies are considered, which can be related to the past behavior of the system. The server, after serving all customers, stays idle or to wait for some time before a vacation is taken. General formulas for the waiting time and the amount of work in the system are derived for a vacation policy. Using the analysis on the vacation system, we derived the waiting time in the sequential bottleneck station.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.959-973
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• 2001

We shall discuss one of some techniques needed to analyze algorithms. It is called a big-O function technique. The measures of efficiency of an algorithm have two cases. One is the time used by a computer to solve the problem using this algorithm when the input values are of a specified size. The other one is the amount of computer memory required to implement the algorithm when the input values are of a specified size. Mainly, we will restrict our attention to time complexity. To figure out the Time Complexity in nonlinear problems of Numerical Analysis seems to be almost impossible.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2009

인터넷의 발달로 인하여 주변에 많은 정보들이 존재하며 이러한 정보의 양은 기하급수적으로 증가하고 있다. 이러한 방대한 정보를 관리하기 위해 등장한 정보관리 시스템들은 사용자가 원하는 정보를 보다 정확하고 효율적으로 검색하여 사용자의 요구를 만족시킨다. 그러나 모바일의 경우 자체 내장된 파일 시스템을 이용한 한정된 정보 관리 및 실시간 자료 처리 능력에 대한 한계를 갖고 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 모바일 환경에서 대용량 자료에 대한 효과적인 관리와 실시간 데이터 처리를 가능하게 하는 미들웨어 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 미들웨어 시스템의 활용 가능성을 보이기 위해 개인 스케쥴링과 관련된 웹 데이터베이스 와 모바일 폰을 연동하는 실시간 알람 스케쥴러 시스템을 구현하였다.