• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.308-315
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• 2012

This study was conducted to examine the effects of egg shell membrane hydrolysates (ESMH) on skin whitening, wound healing, and UV-protection. ESMH was divided into three groups by molecular weight (Fraction I: above 10 kDa of ESMH, Fraction II: 3 kDa-10 kDa of ESMH, Fraction III: below 3 kDa of ESMH). As a result, all of ESMHs showed over 90% of protein contents. The wound healing experiment using HaCaT cells showed that the fraction I was slightly superior to other fractions depending on the concentration though it was not significantly different. In the experiments of inhibition of tyrosinase and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) oxidation to verify the L-DOPA whitening effect, the whole ESMH (before fractioning) showed a similar amount of inhibition effect with arbutin (control). In the inhibition of melanin formation in B16-F1 melanoma cells, the fraction I showed a high inhibitory effect. In the experiment for protecting the skin from ultraviolet rays using HaCaT cells, all the fractions showed a higher rate of cell viability than the control. In conclusion, this study confirmed that the cosmetic effects of ESMHs such as skin whitening, wound healing, and UV-protection, which were divided depending on the molecule weight. We could confirm that the possibility of ESMHs as a material for functional cosmetics.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 1995

Transdermal patch formulations of estradiol to treat post-menopausal symptoms and prevent osteoporosis in women were developed and evaluated for the permeation characteristics through the excised hairless mouse abdorminal skin and the uterotropic effect on the ovariectomized rabbits. The design of patch formulations was optimized by varying several formulation parameters, such as type of enhancers, amount of enhancers, amount of drug loading and coating thickness. Compared to a commercially available transdermal product, several patch formulations showed the similar skin permeation profiles (following zero-order kinetics), but their skin permeation rates were lasted for the longer period (a week). In one-week uterotropic efficacy test in the ovariectimized rabbits, the selected patch formulations showed the positive effect in atrophy of the urogenital epithelium. The mean values of uterus weight in rabbits after application of patches containing estradiol were much higher than those in control group (containing no drug).

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.729-733
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• 2004

Jaeum-Dan was reported new anti-aging effect formula previously. We investigated the physiological effects on human skin with Jaeum-Dan essence (JED). We made a skin application product as essence form contained oriental herbs, and measured various physiological effects such as skin moisture contents, red blood cell flow rates, skin surface temperature, corneocyte exfoliation and skin intensity when volunteers(female, n=40) used the application product for 4 weeks. The results were as follows: The skin moisture contents were not only increased in human face skin through using the product, but also red blood cell flow :rates in face skin were increased. After using the essence, the face skin temperature rose and corneocyte exfoliation was decreased. Furthermore the upper dermis intensity of skin in female face was subsequently increased 4 weeks later. The results indicate that the application product containing JED was improved the physiological effects of human facial skin..

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.444-449
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• 2003

To investigate the long term effect of buchu (Chinese chives) diet on ROS formation in the liver and stin tissue of ICR mice, one of control, 2% or 5% buchu-added diet was fed to ICR mice for 12 months. Superoxide anion (O2ㆍ), hydrogen peroxide($H_2O$$_2$) and hydroxyl radical (ㆍOH) contents were measured in cytosol, microsome, mitochondria of liver and skin of mice, respectively. Behu diet showed a significant decrease of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical contents in liver and skin tissues compared to control diet, and this effect is especially higer at 5% than at 2% buchu diet level. ICR mice showed an age-dependent increase in ROS contents, while the group fed buchu diet decreased its ROS contents significantly and ROS contents of liver appeared to be 2 fold higher than skin. The results of the present study suggest that antioxidative components and sulfur-compounds in buchu diet appear to be responsible for the inhibition of ROS formation in ICR mice.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.2434-2438
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• 2011

Ghana is the country that produces world's biggest production of Cacao. Cacao is the main ingredient of chocolate, which has been widely used in a variety of food as its anti-oxidantal effect is well known to public. Moreover, Ghana-produced Cacao is known to have a bigger amount of polyphenol compared to the ones produced elsewhere, and as they are not processed with alkali Ghana-produced Cacoa is slightly acidic as it is. This project aimed at analysing this natural Ghana Cacao's polyphenol composition, developed cosmetic mask using it and don skin irritation tests in order to study skin improvement effect. As a result, it was found that Ghana-produced Cacao contains approximately 3.6% of tannin, showing 5.6 pH. From the result of the first skin irritation test, the result of experiment of the cometic masks which contain 15% of Ghana cacao powder showed that the irritation was not shown. After 120 minutes, in the experiment of skin improvement effect, it was proved to have skin improvement effect, appearing 20% increase in skin moisture, -17% decrease in skin moisture evaporation, convergence of 5.3pH, 24% increase in skin elasticity.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2018

In cosmetics market, anti-pollution products recently come up with new solution for skin health. Environmental oxidation mechanisms are realized as bio-marker of atmospheric pollution upon skin by environmental pollutant such as ozone, UV rays, particulate matter (PM) as well as cigarette smoke. The exposure of cigarette smoke directly or indirectly causes the oxidation of the stratum corneum skin lipids, resulting in the conversion of squalene to squalene monohydroperoxide and/or generation of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a product of lipid peroxidation. The aim of this study is to see whether new cosmetics product containing red beet has anti-oxidation effect on skin exposed by cigarette smoke. So as to determine oxidative damage to human skin at biochemical level, each unit area of volar forearms was exposed to cigarette smoke through device (3.3 cm, diameter) for fifteen minutes, then measured MDA using standardized TBARS assay kit. Compared to negative control (untreated and unexposed area), the level of MDA was significantly increased at positive control (untreated and exposed area) more than 3.7 times, indicating the pollutant induced-oxidative damage on the skin barrier. Whereas, the pre-applied area with the cosmetics products containing red beet revealed a decrease of 25% compared with positive control. As reports, these data demonstrated that cigarette smoke induce peroxidation of stratum corneum skin lipids. Conclusively, we suggest that anti-pollution effect of the cosmetics product containing red beet is beneficial to prevent the oxidation of skin lipids by atmospheric pollution.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.413-420
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• 2016

Hydroxy acid has been used to enhance anti-aging and skin moisturization by peeling effect on the skin stratum corneum, and thus it has been widely used in topical products and cosmetic products. Among them, the effect that appears most effectively in a short period of time has been reported to be effected by the pH of the cosmetic formulations. However, there are many difficulties in use due to irritation caused by pH and concerns about side effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of applying cosmetics with (1) varying concentrations, (2) types and (3) pH of hydroxy acid on human skin. 22 healthy adults were stained with DHA (dihydroxyacetone) and DC (dansyl chloride) on the forearm, and the skin exfoliation effect was measured after application of the test products. (1) The application of GA (glycolic acid) increased the desquamation by concentration dependent. (2) the test product prepared with neutral pH showed no exfoliation effect. In contrast, SA (salicylic acid) showed a statistically significant exfoliation effect at both acidic pH and neutral pH. (3) The neutral pH SA showed excellent exfoliation effect on bot DHA and DC stained stratum corneum. These results suggest that it is possible to manufacture safe cosmetics without damaging the skin barrier, providing an opportunity to use cosmetics that are expected to exfoliate to people, whose skin is sensitive to pH.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

Objective : Paeoniae radix alba(PRA) can enrich the blood and regulate menstruation, astringe yin and arrest sweating, calm the liver and arrest pain. This study was designed to investigate effects of PRA on skin whitening and elasticity using melanoma cells. Methods : In this experiment, effect of PRA on cell viability, inhibition of melanin synthesis and inhibitory effect on tyrosinase and elastase. Results : 1. More than $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ of PRA treated group showed lowered proliferation rates significantly compared to non-treated control group. 2. All of treated groups were lower levels of melanin synthesis respectively. 3. PRA did not show inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activities in vitro. But, PRA suppressed tyrosinase activities in B16F10 cells significantly. 4. PRA suppressed elastse type 1 activities in dose-dependent manner in vitro. But, PRA slightly suppressed elastase type 4 activities in vitro, and PRA also slightly suppressed elastase activities in vivo. Conclusion : These results suggest that PRA can inhibit melanin synthesis through ihhibitory action on tyrosinase activity and inhibt elastase activity, and also suggest that these results can be used for the study on maintaining skin whitening or elasticity.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.183-191
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• 2023

Objective : UVB damages skin health by causing skin redness and intense inflammation, sunburn, and skin cancer. Paeoniae Radix Alba has been used to relieve gynecological symptoms, muscle spasms, and skin ailments. This study was conducted to confirm whether it has a protective effect against UVB photodamage. Methods : Ethanol extract of Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA) was prepared by extracting 100 g Paeoniae Radix Alba in 1 L of ethanol for 48 h. Apoptosis was monitored by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and expression levels of apoptosis indicator proteins, and tyrosinase activity was measured with a colorimetric commercial kit. Results : In human keratinocyte HaCaT cells, PRA reduced UVB-induced cell death through apoptosis by inhibiting PARP cleavage and caspase-3 and -9. UVB-induced increase in cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was suppressed by PRA pretreatment. PRA also showed dose-dependent ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of tyrosinase activity by PRA was confirmed. Conclusion : These results demonstrated the protective role of PRA in UVB photodamage of human keratinocytes, mainly due to its antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. We also suggest that PRA can be considered as an effective natural agent to prevent skin photodamage.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.85-91
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• 2009

Objectives: We investigated the influence of the neck acupressure massage and the neck cream including korean herbal extract on the neck wrinkles and blood circulation. Methods: Korean female($37.47{\pm}3.66$ years, n=18) aged 30-39 years were participated in this study. We measured the neck wrinkles with PRIMOS(GFMesstechnik GmbH, Germany) and blood circulation of neck and facial skin with Laser Doppler Imaging-Periscan PIM II(Perimed AB, Sweden). Results: The neck wrinkles were significantly decreased after applying neck cream. But when with the neck acupressure massage, the neck wrinkles were decreased 2-fold than applying only the neck cream. The skin blood circulation was significantly increased on the neck and facial skin immediately after the neck acupressure massage. But this effect was not significantly different after 8 weeks Conclusions: This result suggests that the neck acupressure massage can improve the anti-wrinkles effect of the neck cream including Korean herbal extract.