• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.115-127
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the food habits and nutrient intake, among the elder according to their Sasang constitutions. The investigation group was composed of 79 elder men and 117 elder women in Sungjugun Kyungsangbukdo. Data were collected from 1 July, 2002 to 31 July, 2002. In conclusion, diet habits and nutritional intakes were poor in the elderly older than 65 years of age so that they need regular food intake habit and balanced nutrition to obtain enough nutrients to maintain healthy lives. And the following suggestions are made. Firstly, multi-directional studies are needed to improve nutritional intakes, prevent diseases, and improve quality of life in the elderly. Secondly, in-depth studies are needed with various and more people related with Sasang constitutions. Thirdly, we need to screen for risk factors of poor nutrition in each constitution for systemic maintenance of nutritional status and health management in the ever increasing elderly population. For this purpose, an objective investigative tool befitting the situation in Korea should be developed. Fourthly, comparative studies on diet habit and nutritional status are needed by investigating the relationship between Sasang constitutions and diseases. Fifthly, food menu should be proposed according to Sasang constitutions to be utilized as basic data of longevity study.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.16-24
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• 2021

This paper introduces a smart aging service that helps the elderly lead a happy old age by actively utilizing IoT and AI technologies for the elderly who are increasing rapidly as they enter the aging society. In particular, we propose a future-oriented, age-friendly well-being support system that breaks away from the existing welfare concept to solve the aging problem but leads to a paradigm shift toward building a vibrant aging society by protecting from emergency and satisfying emotions. By introducing IoT and AI, it judges the life situation and emotional state from the living information of the elderly can respond to emergencies and suggest meetings as a change of mood and give an emotional comfort. Since the proposed system uses artificial intelligence techniques to determine the degree of depression when inputting information such as pulse-rate, dangerous word usage, and external communication, I think it showed the feasibility of the new concept of wellbeing support system that is totally different from conventional wellbeing concept of health-care.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.147-160
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate awareness and attitude of monitors in 206 small sized industries in Seoul and Kyeonggi area toward the occupational health programs using a specially prepared questionnaire. The industries had been running Government-Funded Subsidiary Program since 1998. The questionnaire was designed to be self-administered by respondents. Data were collected for two months from November to December, 1998. Major results are as follows: 1. Between two groups of industries, there were no significant differences in classification, scale, methods of production, existence of trade union, but in type of working pattern and facility ownership there were significant differences. 2. Between two groups of monitors, there were no significant differences in gender, age, marital status, rank, years of education, but in duration of working there was a significant difference. 3. In awareness and attitude of monitors toward their activities and occupational health programs, there was no significant difference by groups of industries, but a significant difference by type and scale of industry, gender, age, years of education 4. It was found that newly subsidized industries were more necessary to provide education programs on occupational health than old industries, and there was a significant difference between two groups of industries in the contents of education needed. In conclusion, it is desirable that the government should develop specific training programs for monitors on occupational health to provide them practical knowledge and specific skills which monitors can apply to their specific situation, and implement the training programs and continue Government-Funded Subsidiary Program for years until small scale industries would have been able to develop and keep their own health management system spontaneously.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.73-85
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of the urinary incontinence and it's relating factors in women. The target population is 327 community dwelling women in the age of 30-70 years old at 6 cities in Korea. The data were collected from August, 1996 to December. 1996 with interview using structured questionaire composing of items of general characteristics, obstetric characteristics, disease characteristics, situation of experiencing urinary incontinence, discomfort due to urinary incontinence, and depression. The data were analysed with $SPSS/PC^+$ program, T-test, $x^2$ test, and ANOVA test. The results obtained from this study were as follows : 1) The prevalence of urinary incontinence in women is 37.7%(130/327). 2) The mean duration of experiencing the urinary incontinence was 75.9 months and the 60% of the respondents experienced a few frequency of urinary incontinence and the most common amount of urinary incontinence(91.5%) was somewhat small expressed as 'wetting their clothes'. 3) The common factors related to the urinary incontinence were coughing, sneezing, laughing aloudly, and the activities of need for hurry. 4) The most common situations of discomforts associated with urinary incontinence were having long journey, exercise, playing, and social meeting. 5) The incidence of urinary incontinence was significantly higher in woman who had more children, older age of last delivery, more vaginal delivaries, and less c-section. 6) The incidence of urinary incontinence was not affected with the disease characteristics of the respondents, however it was higher when the women had the physical problems of constipation, abdominal laparatomy and episode of urinary catheterization than who had not. 7) The most common symptom of urinary incontinence was the frequent urine(43.1%), and the next was the urgent urine(12.3), delayed urine(9.2%). 8) 90.7% of the epsodic urinary incontinence were not treated at al, however, they wanted to try the herb medicine(41.5%), Kegel exercise(27.7%), and biofeedback(10.0%). 9) The level of Depression in the group of urinary incontinence was higher than that of non incontinence group significantly. In conclusion, as urinary incontinence in women proved severe health problem, health care providers need to develop and provide nursing intervention of urinary incontinence such as pelvic muscle exercise with bio-feedback and psychological care.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.467-479
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to check effects on the awareness of parents supporting in their self retirement preparation of the baby boomer generations who have faced relatively bad situation in this era considering the reality of great changes brought in the parents supporting spirit which was regarded as family and individual responsibility due to the rapid industrialization and urbanization. In the result of this study, some points such as religious, living status and monthly average earning show meaningful result and also all of the colligation in the retirement preparation standard concerning economic living life, health life, leisure time, family life, dwelling life and leisure life shows most significance probability of .001(*p<0.05) and retirement preparation standard relative to economic life indicates significance probability of .005(*p<0.05). Eventually this result shows that the higher people have retirement standard, the higher parents supporting sprit they have. So I would like to suggest some policy advices on the basis of this study. First stable supporting policy on their dwelling life should be assisted by differential methods, secondly social programs aid for leisure life through social activities like volunteer work are required, further more national based policy supports for youngsters are considered in order to reduce economic daily life on their economic activities.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.536-546
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• 2001

The purposes of this descriptive study were to identify the prevalence rate of urinary incontinence(UI) and the differences in frequency of incontinent and normal women by general characteristics, obstetrical history, and the conditional events for urinary incontinence of the elderly women in a community. By the results of this study, it is intended to provide nursing practice guidelines for incontinent women. The research design of this study was a preliminary descriptive study. The 173 subjects were 55 years old and over, and resided in a small city area. Data were collected from June 20 to July 20, 2001, by an interview or a self-report with questionaire. The questionaire was composed of items of general characteristics, obstetrical characteristics, and conditions of UI by the modified Henderickon's Stress Incontinence Scale(1981). The results were summariezed as follows: 1. The UI prevalence rate of the sample was 64.2%. Of the incontinent women, 31.5% had experienced UI for a period of three to five years, and 84.7% had never treated or managed their UI. Frequency of UI was once or twice times per month(46.8%). 2. The total mean of UI on the scale in the incontinent women was 25.50 of 85, ranging from 18 to 41. 3. The most frequent condition of UI was coughing, followed by laughing, sneezing, heavy exercise, and preparation of urination in descending order. 4. There were significant differences in age, education, social activity, and urinary difficulty between the incontinent women and the normal women. 5. There were significant differences in frequency of spontaneous abortion, age of menopause between the incontinent women and the normal women. 6. There were no significant differences in number of delivery, frequency of artificial abortion, age of the last delivery, and postal health management between the incontinent women and the normal women. In conclusion, the incidence of UI in this study was high, but there were no effective treatments or management. It is suggested to provide the adult women with knowledge about UI, and to educate preventive behavior and control skill of urinary incontinence. Also episodes of urinary incontinence were high in the situation of sudden increase of abdominal pressure. This data can be used for the prevention strategy of urinary incontinence, In future research it is recommended to identify comprehensive factors related to urinary incontinence including psychosocial factors, and effective strategies of urinary incontinence.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

Background : Since 2001 the Korean Association of Health Promotion has attempted to establish her own reference valves that can be used in her all fifteen branch laboratories instead of using those adapted from the published data or there commended data by the reagent companies supplied as inserts. However, the previous two reference values derived from the statistics(year 2001 and 2002) were need to adjust to apply to actual practice. Besides there was an unavoidable situation that the reagent has to be changed to other companies in 2002 that creates another statistical problem. Subsequently, the third attempt to derive the reference ranges of tests in KAHP to solve those problems and define common)v acceptable reference ranges was done and and reported here. Methods : Al1 the results performed during January 2, 2003 through September 30, 2003 were collected in Excel tile format. All the data include dthe necessary information such as age and sex. The age was grouped in six; baby(0-3y), children(4-l2y), adolescent(13-l8y), adult(19-S4y), younger elderly (65-79y),old elderly(oyer 80y), with references of statistics in medical informatics and WHO classification. The data were statistically analyzed with SAS 6.04 for-Gaussian distribution as the previous two occasions. None of the tests showed Gaussian distribution. These procedures had been repeated twice or three times after trimming out the results lying outside three standard deviations. Though, all the tests showed non-Gaussian distribution. Subsequently, the reference ranges were defined in the range from the point of lower 2.5% to the point of higher 97.5 %. And in case the lower range could be "0", the reference ranges were defined in the range of 0 to 95%.Results : The reference ranges of most of 56 test items were newly assigned. Also with adaptation of the recommendation of WHO etc. on fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin, cholesterol. Among these there were eight tests that needed reference ranges by the age groups and nine tests by the sex. Conclusions : The third attempt will credit more the reference range of all15 laboratories of Korean Association of Health Promotion, which will be essential part of the better service to the patient and clients to visit KAHP.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.7
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• pp.283-302
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the current situation about the internet usage and advertisement attitude, to investigate the relationship between consumer characteristics and internet advertising effect, and to identify the moderating effect of consumer characteristics on the relationship between advertising types and advertising effects. For the study, a sample of 152 apparel consumers participated in this survey research. The survey of design with a questionnaire was employed. Questionnaire was developed with the html language and data collection was done at Korea though the internet on October 2000. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (i.e., frequency, percent), ANOVA with duncan tests were used. First, the major place of using internet was found as home, company, school, PC room in order and the average time of using internet was found as three times weekly. The major purpose of using internet were information search, e-mail, PC communication and program-download. The experience of internet fashion advertising was high. Second, consumer characteristics(age, job) had significant effects on attitude to the product. 20 years-old age group and specialist group were found to influence on the higher attitude toward product. Third, main effects of consumer characteristics(age, job) were found to be significant. The correlation and interaction effects of consumer characteristics and internet advertisement types were not significant.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.42
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• pp.69-91
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• 2015

The aim of this paper is to examine the men's ideal lives and the aspects of variation in Sijo. In this paper the focus is two texts of Saseol-Sijo. One is the Saseol-Sijo without any known author, the other is the Saseol-Sijo written by Lee Jeong-bo. These works were enjoyed by many people to posterity, and they were played a variation. The first aspect of variation is the emphasis on men's magnanimous and amusable life. This aspect is thought to be a result of the interference of entertainment space. The second aspect of variation is to show the awareness of impossibility of riches and honors and belief in his alternative life. We can see the conflict between reality and desire. This case is thought to be enjoyed by the person who can sympathize with that situation. The third aspect of variation is to show the transcendence of desire for worldly success and the interest in a happy old age. This case is worthy of notice because it shows the interest in old age. This case expresses the desire for comfortable life or pleasure-seeking life, and it is thought to be more concerned with a concrete everyday life than an idea. Sometimes we can see the works that show reflection of his(her) life and mature attitude to life. More studies on these works should be done.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.117-143
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• 2009

The community of women into society in various fields is expanding, and married late, and accordingly, the first child birth is increasing age. Accordingly, dystocia has also increased. Listed in the literature that the traditional method of birth seemed to oriental medical interpretation of one of the ancient wisdom of the predecessors to explore. The result of this study is summarized as follows. 1. Child birth custom divide into childbirth preparation, childbirth and postpartum care. Postpartum care divide into preparation of the birthplace, food for pregnant woman and birth preparation of the necessary things. 2. Preparation of the birthplace of the court case and that qeen is three months, one month before that in the case of concubines were installed. The difference in manners, and actual number but the configuration of the same item was prepared. In the private, birthplace is installed husband's home or parent's home. 3. Rice and seaweed is food for pregnant woman. San Miguel (产 米), sangwak (山 藿) specifically called was selected by Keep elaborate. 4. 1 month before birth to baby clothing is usually prepared. For the safe of a paturient woman and a baby, magical prescription was practiced in so-guk-so(昭格署) in early chosun dynasty. After so-guk-so(昭格署) abolished magical practice was stopped. Then Wore old clothes based on dong-ui-bo-gam(東醫寶鑑) 5. Im-san-ye-zi-bub(臨产豫智法) specifically to instruct the royal birth is the birth of guidelines. Im-san-ye-zi-bub(臨产豫智法) cosist of birth place, abdominal pain Precautions, food, care after childbirth, remove the plecenta posion, method of cut navel, bath, protection. Through various court records of the situation, according to the guidelines are properly applied based on dong-ui-bo-gam(東醫寶鑑).