• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to offer and analysis the stage of elderly in order to improve the quality of living environment of elderly in Korea. Taking into account the retirement age in Korea, those households with people over 60 years old were chosen for the investigation. For the study methods, an examination of documents centering on previous related studies and the analysis of references from the National Statistical Office, from which a general social situation can be clearly obtained, are used. The results are as follows; From viewpoint of the stage of elderly, Parents and children of families mostly live together stage 1 and 2, mostly live separately at stage 3, the rate of living together increases stage 4 and 5. In over stage 4, there are some cases in which the Korean tradition of three generations living under one roof appears as well. The residing period at one place becomes longer as people grow older, which shows clearly the characteristic of 'ageing in place', therefore in order to continue to provide housing support to the elderly, the characteristics of each elderly stage will have to be considered. In the life of the elderly, more and more hobby groups and meetings among the older population have been created, which means that elderly centered social activities will become more various, and facilities and community activated methods will have to be provided accordingly. Elderly people become less adaptable in new housing environments as they get older, therefore the housing has to accommodate their capability to adapt and the degree of aging. The stage of elderly can be used as a basic reference for a more effective solution when planning elderly housing in the future.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.231-247
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• 1992

A Study on Maternal Verbal Control Patterns and Children's Recognition against those. The primary objective of the material presented in this dissertation is the analysis of the maternal verbal control patterns. The major focus is given to the differences between maternal verbal control patterns and children's recognition against those. The purspoe of this study were; 1) to investigate the maternal verbal control patterns recognized by children according to their family and personal surroundings; 2) to investigate the verbal control patterns in mother's response according to the differences of family and personal surroundings; 3) to find the differences between children's recognition and maternal verbal control patterns; 4) How the maternal verbal control patterns recognized by children are? The materials of this study were 81(37; boys, 44; girl)) from kindergarten in Seou. The sample of age used in this study was 5 to 7 years old. The test about maternal verbal environment used the question sheet for reaction between mother and children by Gumperz. The kids got interviews with same questions as mothers with question sheet. The statistical tools used is the analysis of the data were frequency, crosstab, and t-test. The result of the study were summarized as follows; 1) The maternal verbal control patterns recognized by children had differences according to whether living with grand-parent or not. Living with grand-parent are more person-oriented than without grand-parent group. 2) The maternal verbal control patterns of mother response show the differences within mother's academic background, present situation of child, and parent's expection to child. The imperative verbal control pattern was more frequently used of low academic background who just fraduate the middle or high school. The personal verbal control pattern was more frequently used of high educational background's like university graduate or more educated group. 3) The differences between maternal verbal control patterns with children's recognition and with mother response is that mother responseis more person-oriented than children's. 4) The imperative verbal control pattern used command, verbal purnishment, and physical purnishment. the status-oriented verbal control pattern used univesal positional appeals and limited positional appeals. The person-oriented verbal control pattern used child-oriented cognitive affective appeals.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.226-238
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• 2003

This study was started for the purpose of providing the basic data for continous managment of kidney transplantation patients after discharge. This study was conducted on 180 patients who received renal transplants at three hospital( B, M, P) pusan, korea. The data collection was done for june 1, to August 31, 2002. General characteristics, renal transplantaton characteristics, physical characteristics, the level of compliance and the degree of educational demand were done by the number and percentage, the mean, standard deviation. The level of compliance and educational demand followed by the characteristics of general and kidney transplantation were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA. The result were as fallows; 1. Man was higher than woman such as 60.0%, Mean age was 42.5 years old, Average total duration of after operation was 5.5 years. 2. Cases of systolic blood pressure over 140mmHg were 10.0%, cases of diastolic blood pressure over 90mmHg were 22.8% and obesity factor in BMI was 15.6%. The person who daily water intake amount is 5000cc was 0.6%, the case that daily urine output is below 1000cc was 8.9%, and the case that urine output is zero was 0.6%. 3. The mean score of compliance was 77.47 point, The score in medication part was highest such as 4.67 point, that in stress situation was lowest such as 3.50 point. 4. The average score of educational demand was 154.02 point, and physical state part was 4.36 points highest, activation part was 3.48 points lowest. As a role of nurse Confirmation of compliance is very important encourage to make good through regular hospital visitation, point out the noncompliance part and then increase compliance of renal transplantation patient As well there will be maintain the normal kidney function to satisfy educational demand through continous education.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2011

As the public is already aware, baby food has a significant effect on a baby's physical and mental health. It is also very important because choice of baby food forms proper eating habits, which will affect health in the future. In particular, recognition of appropriate baby food by the mother or the primary care provider is even more important. Although many studies have been conducted on this matter for domestic housewives, no studies have been conducted on married immigrant housewives whose numbers are increasing every year. A survey was conducted on the recognition and current situation of baby food preparation by mothers living in Gangwon Province with children 6 to 36-months-old. The purpose of the study was to research the level of understanding of baby food by immigrant housewives given that they were raised in different environments with different eating habits and child raising norms. And additional purpose was to provide proper educational material and direction for choosing appropriate baby food. The results showed significant differences depending on the nationality and age of the mother. Moreover, the results showed an insufficient understanding of baby food but a high desire for education, as mothers did not receive enough support from society. Therefore, necessary education should be provided systematically after mothers fully learn to communicate in Korean. These mothers need continuous attention and support, so they can settle in this country as wives, daughters-in-law, and mothers. Moreover, the needed professional education should be provided so that the mothers can learn traditional Korean eating habits and understand differences in the culture and environment between countries. As the selection of baby food forms the basis of future eating habits and the foundation for good health, proper education should be available to establish healthy intercultural families.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.324-331
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• 2000

A deteriorating North Korean economy, coupled with a devastating natural disaster such as flooding and drought in recent years, brought about a severe food shortage and malnutrition problem which caused a migration of its population including young children to neighboring countries. We conducted a nutritional survey on a total of 436 children, aged 4-19 years old, who migrated to the China side of the border from July to September, 1999. The study subjects were interviewed by Korean-Chinese interviewers who were trained for anthropometric measurements and dietary surveys. Heights, weights, and chest circumference of the subjects were 70-90% of the South Korean reference values for the corresponding age and sex. Dietary intakes of the subjects were found to be extremely poor-the average number of food, mostly of plant origin, consumed in a day was 2.8, and the proportion of the subject who reported to take all three meals in a day while residing in North Korea was as low as 36.2%. Ninety five percent of the subjects had at least one clinical symptom related to malnutrition, 68.6% had 2-4 symptoms, and 15.1% had 5 or more symptoms. The results of this study provided an objective data for the first time on the severity of the food crisis and malnutrition problem that afflicted North Korean older children and adolescents as well as children aged 7 or under as previously reported elsewhere. the wasted and stunted children and youths prevailing in North Korea could exert a negative influence on the country's health and economy. More researches are needed in the future to investigate on the impact of malnutrition in North Korean children on the country's social, economic, and cultural state as well as on the health and nutrition situation.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.77-82
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• 1996

Environmental issues are getting imrx>rtant and the polluted environment is now c considered as one of the serious social problems which we have to face. As a result, most people hate an night soil-treating establishment to be built near their village. This paper is intended to reveal the present situation of Sanitary Environment Bureau in Iksan City and its treatment of night soil. The conclusions are as follows 1. The mean quantity of treated night soil per day was approximately 126kl In 1995, and the treated quantity per month was largest in the months from May to August, but smallest in January and February. The quantity of the largest month doubled the one of the smallest, and it is considered to be because the microorganisms are more active in the warm season than in the cold season, being a a ble to process more night soil. 2. The after-treatment sewage water is regarded as being in an optimalcondition because the examination of the water discharged from the establishment revealed the result of BOD 16.67mg/l and SS 14.78mg/l in 1995. 3. The expense for treating human waste was ￦19,582 in Iksan Sanitary Environment Bureau and it was considerably lower than the average expense through the nation, i.e. ￦22,000-25,000. But the cost should be expanded for keeping outworn equipments from the old age. 4. It is desirable for the Bureau to open the establishment so that any adult or student can come into it and watch all the treating processes. It will help the citizens understand the need for the establishment in spite of its nasty and ugly impression. Other cities or countries have to follow this model and try to provide their citizens with a cleaner environment by investing more fund technology for it.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.352-363
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• 2021

본 오늘날 사회적 약자를 위한 복지프로그램 마련은 그 사회의 지속가능성을 위해서 매우 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 이러한 배경 하에 본 연구의 목적은 사회적 약자를 위한 지역별 복지 프로그램의 국내외 경향과 사례를 분석하여 향후 정책개발과 관련한 시사점을 제공하는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 해외의 정책경향으로서 영국의 커뮤니티 케어와 일본의 로컬 거버넌스 경향을 살펴보고, 방법 측면에서 사례분석을 활용하여 국내의 각 지역별로 사회적 약자를 위해 제공하고 있는 복지 프로그램의 경향성과 함께 국내 사례로서, 노인을 위한 정책 사례로서 인천시 사례여성 정책 사례로서 부천시 사례, 장애인을 위한 구개정책 사례로서 대전시 사례, 아동을 위한 정책 사례로서 서울 성동구 사례를 분석하였다. 이러한 분석결과 지역 차원에서 그 지역 실정에 맞는 수요조사와 여러 지역 내 협력주체들과의 연계가 중요한 것으로 나타났다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.135-151
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• 2000

The porpose of this research is helping product developments and establishment men's marketing strategies. This contents are divided into two parts; the dress shirt's wearing condition and the dress shirt's buying condition. The subjects of the research were male that aged 25-50 and their company is resided in Seoul. The conclusion of this research is summarized as below ; 1. Many consumers have wrong term recognition of dress shirt. Most of men know their dress shirt's sizing designation as casual method(ex, $\cdots$95, 100$\cdots$). Therefore it is happened fitness complains. Dress shirt's wearing frequency for a week is 1-2 days or 5days mostly. A number of dress shirt’s wearing period for one is 6-12 months. Dress shirt‘s wearing frequency fand wearing period varies according to their age, unmarried or married situation, scholarship, occupation. So the manufacturer of men's dress shirt grasps the factor's for their character. 2. The conclusion of dress shirt's buying motivation is need better than impulse buying. If company planning season event, the selling will be improved. Most of men buy their dress shirt by themselves. It means a lot of men are interested in their clothes comparing to old days. And men's favorite purchase place is a department store and agent. when they purchasing, the color and size is very important factor. But dress shirt's sizing designation is not yet established. Therefore the dress shirt's sizing designation is needed as possible.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.363-368
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• 2020

적절하지 않은 위치에 식립된 임플란트의 보철물은 심미적, 기능적 문제를 나타낼 수 있으나 이를 해결하기는 어려운 때가 많다. 이러한 경우에 재식립 혹은 연조직 및 경조직 이식을 포함하는 외과적 방법을 고려해 볼 수 있지만 결과 예측이 힘들며 긴 치유 기간 및 술 후 불편감과 추가적인 수술 비용이 동반된다. 반면, 보철적 방법으로는 치은 색상의 세라믹이 포함된 고정성 보철물을 제작하거나 가철성 보철물인 gingival mask 제작 등을 생각해볼 수있다. 본 증례에서는 80세의 남환이 과도하게 구개측으로 식립된 임플란트로 인한 상순과 보철물 사이의 음식물 저류에 대한 불편감 및 심미적인 부분에 대한 불만족을 주소로 내원하였고, gingival mask를 제작하여 단 기간 내에 만족스러운 결과를 얻었기에 이를 보고하고자 한다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2010

The graying of population is not only a significant problem in developing countries, but also in a small country which is passing industrialization and urbanization. Industrialization and urbanization has raised a number of nuclear family. Moreover, changes in the environment and development in science such as a medical development and improving standard of health and hygiene have raised an average life expectancy. Considering these factors, average age of population is going up continue. Developed countries such as Europe, US and Japan have already experienced the graying and some countries have entered aged society. Korea is expected to be reached post-aged society in 7 years which is faster than developed countries that started aging society earlier than Korea. The purpose of this study is a analysis of resident's opinions and preference and using space of elders facilities and seeking a plan to construct the facilities through suggesting standard of use space. Firstly, this report will classify current situation of spacial organization on elder facilities focusing on major sectors and will compare in size. Moreover, standard of area distribution through an analyzing characteristics of each spacial organization. Secondly, The report will compare and analyze between space and main traffic line through classifying traffic lines between staffs and residents of elder facilities and understanding characteristics and problems of each traffic line. Lastly, this will study perception and preference on staffs at elders facilities and middle old aged people who are potential demander, and compare between these people.