• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.219-233
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare the EMG activities of four-forearm muscles during Kumdo head striking. The four skilled and unskilled Kumdo club members were selected from D university in B city. Investigated muscles were left brachioradialis, right brachioradialis and left flexor carpi radialis, right flexor carpi radialis. Raw EMG data were collected during the head striking motions and the average EMG were calculated by the frame width of 0.05s, and then the average %MVC were calculated. The average %MVC values of each muscle in each group were compared. The results are as follows. 1) In each group, there were no significant statistical differences between every muscle over the all phases. 2) There were significant differences, however, between skilled group and unskilled group. The former got higher average %MVC at left flexor carpi radialis and the latter at right brachioradialis in the ready phase and in the impact phase.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.299-309
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• 2014

The displacement of business tenants is of growing concern in urban redevelopment. This research focuses on why business tenants have not collectively taken action against urban redevelopment and explores how their rights can be improved. It met the research aim through a case study on one urban redevelopment area in Yongsan. Although urban redevelopment plans create many problems for business tenants, there is no effective mechanism in place to enable them to get involved in the decision-making procedures of urban planning. They are collectively and individually powerless in urban politics, so they do not have enough opportunities to change the Korean urban redevelopment system. The findings from this research suggest that many tenants have been apathetic to anti-gentrification movements due to their powerlessness in the urban redevelopment domain. In order to overcome structural injustice, it is important to improve business tenants' awareness of 'the right to the city' and enforce strong legislation to safeguard tenants.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.62-72
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• 2008

Purpose: There has been a need to integrating the self-help program for arthritis with the Tai Chi for arthritis(SHTCA). The purpose of this study was to develop and to examine the effect of SHTCA for arthritis applying the nine movement Tai Chi. Method: This study was designed the pre-post test, quasi-experimental design. A total 47 participants were recruited in W-city in Korea, an experimental group(26) and a control group(21) at pre-test, but after the eight weeks the composition of the groups were changed to 22 experimental group and 15 control group. The experimental group participated in the SHTCA once a week for eight weeks. SHTCA program consisted of understanding of the arthritis, contracting of the promise, exercise for muscle strength and joint flexibility and the nine movements of Tai Chi exercise. The measures used to examine the effect of the SHTCA were shoulder flexibility, back flexibility, grasping power, balance, abdominal obesity rates, perception of health status, and EQ-5D standardized five dimensions, mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Results: At The completion of the eight weeks of SHTCA applying the nine movement Tai Chi, the experimental group reported a significance in a number of variables compared to those of the control group: the right shoulder flexibility(p=.018), left shoulder flexibility(p=.031), right grasping power(p=.014), left grasping power(p=.024), the perception of health status(p=.005) and abdominal obesity rates(p=.027). Conclusion: This SHTCA applying the nine movement Tai Chi would be helpful on right shoulder flexibility, left shoulder flexibility, right grasping power, left grasping power, abdominal obesity rates and the perception of health status for arthritis patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.361-368
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• 2011

Purpose : The aims of this study was to identify the activation of the mirror neuron system during action observation in people with stroke and the difference between left hemisphere and right hemisphere and to provide possibility of the use of action observation as a clinical method for improving motor function after stroke. Methods : Seventeen participants were asked to observe 3 different stimulation conditions for 80 seconds. A 30 second rest period was given between stimulations. Electroencephalogram(EEG) signals from electrodes on the participant's scalp were recorded during action observation. The activation of the mirror neuron system(MNS) between the picture observation condition and action observation condition was compared with a paired t-test. An independent t-test was used to compare difference between C3 and C4 on the activation of the mirror neuron system in the action observation condition. Results : Result of paired t-test showed a significantly decreased log ratio in the activation of the mirror neuron system in the action observation condition compared to the picture observation condition. Result of the independent t-test indicated no significant differences in the activation of the mirror neuron system in the right and left hemisphere. Conclusion : The mirror neuron system showed greater activation in the action observation condition than in the picture observation condition and activation in the both hemisphere during action observation. We conclude that these findings suggest that this may possibly be an efficient clinical intervention method for improving motor function.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.359-364
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• 2003

Population concentration phenomenon of city need large-scale ride, and ride is important urea that develop area and is armed surrounding land utilization. but, it is difficult to evaluate effect that ride gets land utilization change and community development as quantitative. Therefore, this research evaluates change and effect of land utilization as political to subway station that is main ride of Seoul City, and chose standard and position for right place arrangement of electric railway station. Research contents analyzed subway station effect area interior and external land utilization change taking advantage of GIS's buffer function and RS's classification technique, and decide precedence at subway station establishment and chose position of subway station for effect area outside area.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.23 no.A
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• pp.93-100
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• 2003

Population concentration phenomenon of city needs large-scale ride, and It is important elements that develop the circumference but, it is difficult to evaluate effects that ride gets land utilization change. Therefore, this research evaluates change and effect of land utilization as political to subway station that is main ride of Seoul City, and chose standard and position for right place arrangement of electric railway station. Research contents analyzed subway station effect area interior and external land utilization change taking advantage of GIS's buffer function and RS's classification technique, and decide precedence at subway station establishment and chose position of subway station for effect area outside area.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.317-327
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• 2011

This study examined with a view to legal system how to get over the adaptation problem as well as protection of human right about the cases of marriage immigration have sharply increased in Korea through Globalization and this brought about serious matters to multi-cultural families : disguise marriage, contract marriage, frequent divorces, especially conflict, violence, maltreatment of couple is guaranteed efficiently include against mankind universal value regardless of race, class, region undergoing farm village female marriage immigrants by cultural difference. This study is when the families of the marriage immigrants are left unattended in the state of the crisis, it definitely seems to be a serious obstacle for social integration and cost vast social expense. Therefore, I suggest the problems of multi-culture family support law and improvement plans for Marriage bureau agency management law and nationality Act through a comparative method about legislation of each country which has dealt with a phenomenon called 'multi-cultural Society' and fact-finding of female marriage immigrants in Gwang-ju Metropolitan City, professing "the city of human right".

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.354-380
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• 2010

Cities are the most important type of tourist destination across the world, and yet urban areas have neglected in most academic studies of tourism. Urban destinations serve as gateways for tourist entry to the country, as centers of accommodation and a base for excursion to rural areas as well as destinations in their own right. Increasingly cities rely on image promotion to attract tourists to cities. A city's image is the sum of beliefs, ideas, and impressions that a people have of a city. Image has always been of great interest and concern to city marketers. The image improvement is very important especially in urban tourism development because tourism overwhelmingly depends on image. The cost and effectiveness of the image improvement strategy depends on the city's current image and real attributes. Some cities are blessed with positive images. They don't require changing the image so much as amplifying it and delivering it to more target groups. Many cities are stuck with a negative image. They need to remove it and make a positive out of a negative to correct it. Image reversals, however, are difficult to accomplish. Some cities are not well known because they are small, lack attractions, or don't advertise. They need to identify, develop, and disseminate a strong positive image for the city.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.304-312
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• 2009

The latest society is very quickly changing so that it is placed in difficult life of not only the non-disabled people but also disabled people. The demand on welfare of the disabled people is continually increasing by the increasing in population of the disabled people by the expansion of the disabled realm and changing of family structure. The changing about the concept of the disabled, the spreading about the independence life, expecially the expanding about the awareness of the disabled human right, and the circumstance and the paradigm of the surrounded by the disabled welfare is rapidly changing. The right to work is related to the living, and is the important part of value endowment in the social participation and the self-realization, and is the core of the independence life. Therefore, this study is researched into the desire for work of the severely-disabled people in Cheong-ju City and their actual condition, so I present the desire of severely-disabled people and the suitable creation of the employment in Cheong-ju City, and the plan of the expansion of the disabled employment opportunity in my study.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.77-84
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• 2024

Background: The facial artery is an important blood vessel responsible for supplying the anterior face. Understanding the branching patterns of the facial artery plays a crucial role in various medical specialties such as plastic surgery, dermatology, and oncology. This knowledge contributes to improving the success rate of facial reconstruction and aesthetic procedures. However, debate continues regarding the classification of facial artery branching patterns in the existing literature. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive anatomical study, in which we dissected 102 facial arteries from 52 embalmed and formaldehyde-fixed Vietnamese cadavers at the Anatomy Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Results: Our investigation revealed eight distinct termination points and identified 35 combinations of branching patterns, including seven arterial branching patterns. These termination points included the inferior labial artery, superior labial artery, inferior alar artery, lateral nasal artery, angular artery typical, angular artery running along the lower border of the orbicularis oculi muscle, forehead branch, duplex, and short course (hypoplastic). Notably, the branching patterns of the facial artery displayed marked asymmetry between the left and right sides within the same cadaver. Conclusion: The considerable variation observed in the branching pattern and termination points of the facial artery makes it challenging to establish a definitive classification system for this vessel. Therefore, it is imperative to develop an anatomical map summarizing the major measurements and geometric features of the facial artery. Surgeons and medical professionals involved in facial surgery and procedures must consider the detailed anatomy and relative positioning of the facial artery to minimize the risk of unexpected complications.