• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.216-219
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• 2014

Purpose: We presented with a patient with traumatic brain injury who showed a transcallosal ipsilateral motor pathway from unaffected motor cortex to affected extremities, as evaluated by diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). Methods: One patient and six age-matched normal subjects were enrolled. A 42-year-old left hemiparetic male who suffered from brain injury by motor vehicle accident 9 years ago showed a leukomalactic lesion in the right corona radiata and parieto-temporal lobe. His left extremities were completely paralyzed initially, but recovered slowly over 2 years. At the time of the evaluation, he was able to grasp and release an object, and to walk with spastic gait pattern. DTT was performed using 1.5 T with a Synergy-L Sensitivity Encoding head coil. DTT was obtained with termination criteria of FA <0.2 and an angle change > $45^{\circ}c$. Results: The motor tracts of the unaffected (left) hemisphere of the patient and control subjects originated from the motor cortex and descended along the known corticospinal tract without any transcallosal tract. By contrast, the tract of the affected (right) hemisphere originated from the left premotor cortex, descended through the left corona radiata, and then crossed the mid-portion of the corpus callosum. The tract then descended through the known corticospinal tract pathway to the right medulla. Conclusion: We conclude that the transcallosal ipsilateral motor pathway from the unaffected hemisphere appeared to contribute to the motor recovery in this patient.

• Clinical Pain
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.88-91
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• 2019

Unexplained pain and weakness, i.e., without obvious predisposing factors, are often encountered by physiatrists and efforts should be made to determine the cause. A 63-year-old male presented with radiating pain in his right arm and mild weakness of the right hand. An electrodiagnostic examination revealed distal symmetric sensory polyneuropathy in the upper and lower extremities, and denervation potentials in the forearm muscles, which were inconsistent with the cervical spine MRI images and symptoms. A predisposing undiscovered disease was revealed, i.e., squamous cell carcinoma in the lung; brain metastasis affecting the left primary motor cortex was also detected. Therefore, we concluded that the pain and weakness were related to paraneoplastic syndrome and brain metastases of the hand knob. The observed denervation potentials were characterized as trans-synaptic changes in the brain metastasis. This case highlights the importance of unexplainable focal pain and weakness in the increasing prevalence of cancer.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2003

This study has investigated psychological responses to various TV advertisements by using EEG(electroencephalogram). In particular, it was assumed that the brain wave would show different patterns depending upon the style of the advertisement that could be categorized into two such as 'information transfer' type and 'emotional reaction' type. Ten healthy males participated in the experiment. EEG signal was extracted from six lobes such as right and left frontal, right and left occipital, right and left temporal while the subjects were watching TV advertisements. Alpha and beta relative power spectrum, and beta/alpha parameter were calculated to compare two kinds of advertisement each other. Additionally, subjective questionnaire was used to examine subject's response by using adjective words and preference test. In result, significant differences were found in left frontal and right occipital lobe in terms of beta/alpha between two different advertisements. And, subjects showed different preference between two advertisements. It was shown that the current method could analyze the brain reaction to advertisement quantitatively, that presented the possibility of using it to marketing research.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2005

The purpose of the study was to examine any difference in academic achievement, self-concept and achievement motivation by the types of hemispheric dominance. 189 high school students participated in the study. They were taken three kinds of different psychological tests i.e., the brain hemispheric preference (dominance), the self-concept and the achievement motivation tests. Three types of hemispheric dominance were classified as the left hemispheric, the right hemispheric and whole brain dominances. The results showed that students with the right hemispheric dominance showed lower academic achievement and self concept than the other groups students. Those who had left hemisphere dominance showed higher achievement motivation than the right hemispheric students. These results could be interpreted that education in the high school in Korea mainly focuses left hemisphere related topics or subjects.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.149-152
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• 2016

We report a case of a 5-year-old girl who developed left hemiparesis and left facial palsy, 6 days after the initiation of fever and respiratory symptoms due to pneumonia. Chest radiography, conducted upon admission, showed pneumonic infiltration and pleural effusion in the left lung field. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed acute ischemic infarction in the right middle cerebral artery territory. Brain magnetic resonance angiography and transfemoral cerebral angiography revealed complete occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was identified by a 4-fold increase in IgG antibodies to M. pneumoniae between acute and convalescent sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fibrinogen and D-dimer levels were elevated, while laboratory exams in order to identify other predisposing factors of pediatric stroke were all negative. This is the first reported pediatric case in English literature of a M. pneumoniae-associated cerebral infarction involving complete occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2015

In this paper, we present the research result related to a game application system which improves the symmetry of the left and right brain activity for alleviating the emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression. Since the characteristics of patients with affective disorders are less willing to therapy. obvious motivation is needed in general. To provide a strong incentive for these patients, we propose a customized game system through game-oriented content of enjoyment. After the experiments conducted for 5 days, it was found that the symmetry of left and right brain activity is enhanced. The proposed functional game system can be applied to a wide range of applications such as healthcare or education.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.268-271
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• 2004

A 43-year-old man was presented with persistent headache for two weeks. 72 weighted MR imaging showed high signal intensity with surrounding edema in the left frontal lobe. These findings were considered with intracranial tumor such as glioma or metastasis. Tc-99m tetrofosmin SPECT showed focal radiotracer accumulation in the left frontal lobe. The operative specimen contained cerebral infarction with organizing leptomeningeal hematoma by pathologist. Another 73-year-old man was hospitalized for chronic headache. Initial CT showed ill-defined hypodensity with mass effect in the right parietal lobe. Tc-99m tetrofosmin SPECT showed focal radiotracer uptake in the right parietal lobe. These findings were considered with low-grade glioma or infarction. Follow-up CT after 5 months showed slightly decreased in size of low density in the right parietal lobe, and cerebral infarction is more likely than others. Tc-99m tetrofosmin has been proposed as a cardiotracer of myocardial perfusion imaging and an oncotropic radiotracer. Tc-99m tetrofosmin SPECT image provides a better attractive alternative agent than T1-201 as a tumor-imaging agent, with characteristics such as high-energy flux, short half-life, favorable biodistribution, dosimetry and lower background radioactivity. We have keep in mind on the analysis of Tc-99m tetrofomin imaging when cerebral infarction is being differentiated from brain tumor.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.377-384
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• 2001

Generally. there have been limitations to investigate structural brain abnormalities with MR images for psychiatric patients. such as schizophrenia. depression and autism, since the brain abnormalities of psychiatric Patients are too small to be detected easily. It has been suggested to exploit the result of size-comparison or analysis of specified Part in various brain tissues. Results of brain analysis highly depend on accuracy of the brain segmentation because it is hard to segment image that the boundary between tissues in the brain MRI is inherently value. In this Paper. we improve the quality of brain segmentation so that we increase the credit of brain analysis. In addition, we Provide the improved images for studying brain abnormalities through left-right insular volume measure using handy software tool .

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.302-308
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• 2019

The abscopal effect is a term that has been used to describe the phenomenon in which localized radiation therapy treatment of a tumor lesion triggers a spontaneous regression of metastatic lesion(s) at a non-irradiated distant site(s). Radiation therapy induced abscopal effects are believed to be mediated by activation and stimulation of the immune system. However, due to the brain's distinctive immune microenvironment, extracranial abscopal responses following cranial radiation therapy have rarely been reported. In this report, we describe the case of 42-year-old female patient with metastatic melanoma who experienced an abscopal response following her cranial radiation therapy for her brain metastasis. The patient initially presented with a stage III melanoma of the right upper skin of her back. Approximately 5 years after her diagnosis, the patient developed a large metastatic lesion in her upper right pectoral region of her chest wall and axilla. Since the patient's tumor was positive for BRAF and MEK, targeted therapy with dabrafenib and trametinib was initiated. However, the patient experienced central nervous system (CNS) symptoms of headache and disequilibrium and developed brain metastases prior to the start of targeted therapy. The patient received radiation therapy to a dose of 30 Gy delivered in 15 fractions to her brain lesions while the patient was on dabrafenib and trametinib therapy. The patient's CNS metastases improved significantly within weeks of her therapy. The patient's non-irradiated large extracranial chest mass and axilla mass also shrank substantially demonstrating the abscopal effect during her CNS radiation therapy. Following radiation therapy of her residual chest lesions, the patient was disease free clinically and her CNS lesions had regressed. However, when the radiation therapy ended and the patient continued her targeted therapy alone, recurrence outside of her previously treated fields was noted. The disease recurrence could be due to the possibility of developing BRAF resistance clones to the BRAF targeted therapy. The patient died eventually due to wide spread systemic disease recurrence despite targeted therapy.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.74-83
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• 1997

With increasing tendency of incidence and interest for the late onset schzophrenia, concerns about whether this disorder is etiologically or phenomenogically distinctive entity or not have increased also. To clarify the disease entity of the late onset schzophrenia and the role of structural brain changes in its etiology, authors tried to prove following hypothesis : Are there any evidences of structural brain changes in the lateonset schizophrenia? ; If present, are they not different from those of the early-onset schizophrenia or progressive schizophrenia? ; And are they not different from those of senile dementia? Subjects were 6 patients with the late-onset schizophrenia, 6 patients with the early-onset schizophrenia, 6 patients with progressive schizophrenia, 6 patients with Alzheimer's dementia, and 6 controls. We measured regions of interest of the magnetic resonance images by computer assisted planimetry using the AutoCad and digitizer. Our study results may suggest that the third ventricular enlargement and a reversal of normal difference between left and right temporal lobe and left-right difference in posterior lateral ventricle are common brain pathology for all types of schizophrenia including the late onset schzophrenia. And also suggest that brain structural changes of the late onset schizophrenia are related with neurodevelopmental abnormality rather than degenerative change.