• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.24-33
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• 2004

원격탐사(remote sensing) 기술의 비약적인 발전과 함께 위성 영상데이터의 분광대역수가 급속히 증가하고 있다. 대역수의 증가로 영상데이터량이 급격히 증가하게 되고, 이에 따라 이들 데이터를 처리하기 위해서는 처리속도가 빠른 영상처리 기술이 필요하게 되었다. 분광 대역 수를 줄여 빠르게 처리하는 한가지 방법으로 널리 사용되고 있는 것이 주성분 변환법이다. 본 논문에서는 주성분 변환법에 대한 처리과정에 대해 논하였으며, 위성 영상데이터를 주성분 변환한 결과인 주성분 영상데이터를 분석하였다. 분석결과 실험 영상데이터의 경우, 3개의 주성분($PC_1$, $PC_2$, $PC_3$)의 누적 백분율 분산 값이 99.1%로 이는 3개의 주성분이 거의 대부분의 정보를 가지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 3개의 주성분 영상데이터만을 사용한다면 데이터 저장을 위한 메모리 용량이나 데이터 전송시간 및 처리시간을 크게 감소시킬 수 있다. 또한 본 논문에서는 주성분 영상데이터를 최대유사분류법과 신경회로망을 이용한 다층 퍼셉트론 분류법으로 분류하고 결과를 평가한 후, 주성분 변환법이 갖는 차원축소 효과를 분석하였다. 분석결과 주성분 3개를 사용한 분류결과와 주성분 6개를 사용한 분류결과간의 분류정답률이 크게 차이가 나지 않았다. 이는 분류에 사용하는 영상데이터 수를 6개 차원에서 3개 차원으로 줄여도 비슷한 분류성능을 얻을 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.280-288
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of traditionality expressions at modernized Chinese restaurant in Hong Kong. As a case study, the study examined 12 modernized Chinese restaurants in Hong Kong. The gathered data were categorized and examined according to the ways of traditionality expressions, which included reproduction, transformation, and reinterpretation of traditional components. Each of the components was measured for the amount of traditional or modernity expression on a five-point scale. The five-point scoring system put an emphasis on tradition; 1 point was given to principal modernity(modernity: 90-100% + tradition: 0-10%), 2 points were given to principal modernity + auxiliary tradition(modernity: 70-90% + tradition: 10-30%), 3 points were given to the same ratio between tradition and modernity(modernity: 40-60% + tradition: 40-60%), 4 points were given to principal tradition + auxiliary modernity(modernity: 10-30% + tradition: 70-90%), and 5 points were given to principal tradition(modernity: 0-10% + tradition: 90-100%). The analysis performed according to those criteria and methodologies led to the following findings and conclusions: TM style, in which modernity was principal, usually did transformation and reinterpretation of traditionality. As for the design attributes of the styles, the TM style, they processed a majority of the spatial components as modern or reinterpretation of traditionality, which would be easily considered to be modern without careful observation, and applied a small amount of direct reproduction or transformation, which gives out a direct hint at traditionality, to attract more attention. Many of the spatial components did not express traditionality directly, expressing it indirectly or metaphorically. Traditionality was expressed in a small number of the spatial components, thus serving as a focus or impact point in the given space.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통신학회 2004년도 추계종합학술대회 논문 초록집
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• pp.226-226
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• 2004

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.7-10
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• 2013

A study was conducted to determine the interdependence among the conformation traits of 28 "Pallaresa" cows using principal component analysis. Originally 21 body linear measurements were obtained, from which eight traits are subsequently eliminated. From the principal components analysis, with raw varimax rotation of the transformation matrix, two principal components were extracted, which accounted for 65.8% of the total variance. The first principal component alone explained 51.6% of the variation, and tended to describe general size, while the second principal component had its loadings for back-sternal diameter. The two extracted principal components, which are traits related to dorsal heights and back-sternal diameter, could be considered in selection programs.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.2027-2032
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• 2005

This paper demonstrates details of thermal behavior of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film of poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PtBMA) by using the principal component analysis based two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (PCA2D) through eigenvalue manipulating transformation (EMT). By uniformly lowering the power of a set of eigenvalues associated with the original data, the smaller eigenvalues becomes more prominent and the subtle contribution from minor components is now highlighted much more strongly than the original data. Thus, the subtle difference of thermal behavior of LB film of PtBMA from minor components, which is not readily detectable in the conventional 2D correlation analysis, is much more noticeable than the original data. PCA2D correlation spectra with EMT operation for the temperature-dependent IR spectra of LB film of PtBMA reveal the hidden property of phase transition processes during heating.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.199-209
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• 2006

The Global Land Cover 2000 (GLC 200) project, as a most recent issue, is to provide for the year 2000 a harmonized land cover database over the whole globe. The classifications were performed according to continental or regional scales by corresponding organization using the data of VEGETATION sensor onboard the SPOT4 Satellite. Even if the global land cover classification for Asia provided by Chiba University showed a good accuracy in whole Asian area, some problems were detected in Korean region. Therefore, the construction of new land cover database over Korea is strongly required using more recent data set. The present study focuses on the development of a new upgraded land cover map at 1 km resolution over Korea considering the widely used K-means clustering, which is one of unsupervised classification technique using distance function for land surface pattern classification, and the principal components transformation. It is based on data sets from the Earth observing system SPOT4/VEGETATION. Newly classified land cover was compared with GLC 2000 for Korean peninsula to access how well classification performed using confusion matrix.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.199-211
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• 2006

Practical automated flat pattern generation with inbuilt production features for doubly curved sheet metal components (SMCs) is addressed here utilizing a new and unique Point Transformation Algorithm (PTA). This is the third in the series of papers on practical Flat Pattern Development (FPD) [8] and Production Loft Generation Systems (PLGS) [9] complementing the pioneering work [6,7]. In the first two publications, automated loft generation programs have addressed sheet metal components having a Principal Flat Surface (PFS) only. The flat pattern development of 3-D components that do not have the flat surface(termed as Non-PFS components) having complex features of double curvature in addition to cutouts and nibbled holes typical of aircraft components were so far not addressed due to lack of relevant published algorithms. This paper traces the evolution of developments and provides the record of fully illustrated, automated loft generation scheme for aircraft SMCs including the Non-PFS components which underwent validation through production tests by sponsors. Details of some of the unique features of the system like simplified surface model generation, termed as topological model and powerful algorithms deployed with potential for CAD/CAM applications are included.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.3701-3720
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• 2015

A system for the recognition of machine printed Arabic script is proposed. The Arabic script is shared by three languages i.e., Arabic, Urdu and Farsi. The three languages have a descent amount of vocabulary in common, thus compounding the problems for identification. Therefore, in an ideal scenario not only the script has to be differentiated from other scripts but also the language of the script has to be recognized. The recognition process involves the segregation of Arabic scripted documents from Latin, Han and other scripted documents using horizontal and vertical projection profiles, and the identification of the language. Identification mainly involves extracting connected components, which are subjected to Principle Component Analysis (PCA) transformation for extracting uncorrelated features. Later the traditional K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) algorithm is used for recognition. Experiments were carried out by varying the number of principal components and connected components to be extracted per document to find a combination of both that would give the optimal accuracy. An accuracy of 100% is achieved for connected components >=18 and Principal components equals to 15. This proposed system would play a vital role in automatic archiving of multilingual documents and the selection of the appropriate Arabic script in multi lingual Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1629-1633
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• 2006

Ginsenosides have been regarded as the principal components responsible for the pharmacological and biological activities of ginseng. The transformation of ginsenosides with live lactic acid bacteria transformed ginsenosides Rb2 and Rc into Rd, but the reactions were slow. When the crude enzymes obtained from several lactic acid bacteria were used for transformation, those from Bifidobacterium sp. Int57 exhibited the most potent transforming activity of ginsenosides to compound K. In comparison, a relatively higher level of Rh2 was produced by the enzymes from Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. These results suggest that it is feasible to develop a specific bioconversion process to obtain specific ginsenosides using the appropriate combination of ginsenoside substrates and specific microbial enzymes.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of traditionality expressions at modernized Chinese restaurant in Hong Kong. As a case study, the study examined 12 modernized Chinese restaurants in Hong Kong. The gathered data were categorized and examined according to the ways of traditionality expressions, which included reproduction, transformation, and reinterpretation of traditional components. Each of the components was measured for the amount of traditional or modernity expression on a five-point scale. The five-point scoring system put an emphasis on heritage; 1 point was given to principal modernity(modernity: 90-100% + tradition: 0-10%), 2 points were given to principal modernity + auxiliary tradition(modernity: 70-90% + tradition: 10-30%), 3 points were given to the same ratio between tradition and modernity(modernity: 40-60% + tradition: 40-60%), 4 points were given to principal tradition + auxiliary modernity(modernity: 10-30% + tradition: 70-90%), and 5 points were given to principal tradition(modernity: 0-10% + tradition: 90-100%). The analysis performed according to those criteria and methodologies led to the following findings and conclusions: Traditional components were most reproduced in the ornaments placed all over the restaurant and applied to the chirography of the restaurant logos, walls, and windows/doors in a big number. The methodology of transforming tradition was evenly applied to each of the spatial components. With the most transformations occurring to the lattices, there were many different ways to transform tradition including the partition, chirography, pattern, red lantern, furniture and ornament, and traditional materials that were turned into modern ones. Few examples of reinterpreting tradition were observed in the restaurant titles, inside floors, and ceilings, but plenty of examples were found in the walls, windows/doors, lighting, and furniture in a range of ways. Most of them reinterpreted the traditional forms and added altered patterns to them to remind customers of tradition. In short, all of the three ways of expressing tradition were actively applied to each component in an array of ways.