• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.721-726
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• 2010

'Nampung', a new soybean cultivar for soy-paste, was developed from the cross between Suwon190 and 'Pokwangkong' by soybean breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 2007. A promising line, SS97215-S-S-20, was selected and designated as the name of Milyang162. It was prominent and had good result from regional adaptation yield trials(RYT) for three years from 2005 to 2007 and was released as the name of 'Nampung'. It has a determinate growth habit, white flower, brown pubescence, yellow seed coat, light brown hilum, medium spherical seed (19.9 grams per 100 seeds). 'Nampung' is resistant to soybean mosaic virus and bacterial pustule, the major soybean disease in Korea. It is possible to harvest of 'Nampung' using combine because of it's lodging tolerance, few branches, and high position of pod attachment. The average yield of 'Nampung' is 2.97 ton per hectare in the regional yield trials (RYT) carried out for three years from 2005 to 2007 which is 21 percent higher than the check variety, 'Taekwang'.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2014

Using the Eddy Covariance technique, we analyzed seasonal variation in net ecosystem $CO_2$ exchange (NEE) and investigated the effects of environmental factors and aboveground biomass of rice on the $CO_2$ fluxes in a rice-barley double cropping paddy field of Gimje, Korea. Quality control and gap-filling were conducted before this investigation of the effects. The results have been showed that NEE, gross primary production (GPP), and ecosystem respiration (Re) during the rice growing period were -215.6, 763.9, and $548.3g\;C\;m^{-2}$, respectively. Relation between NEE and net radiation (Rn) could be described by a quadratic equation, and about 65 % of variation in NEE was explained by changes in Rn. On the other hand, an exponential function relating Re to soil temperature accounted for approximately 43 % of variation in Re under the flooded condition of paddy field. Aboveground biomass showed significant linear relationships with NEE ($r^2=0.93$), GPP ($r^2=0.96$), and Re ($r^2=0.95$), respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1038-1047
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• 2018

This study confirmed possibility of cosmetic material for Espresso coffee grounds extracted at high temperature, high pressure, short time and Dutch coffee grounds extracted at low temperature, atmospheric pressure, long time. For this purpose, we evaluated the biological activities of antioxidant, anti-wrinkles and antimicrobial effects using ethanol extracts of Esproso and Dutch coffee grounds. The results of total polyphenolic compound contents was $90.39{\pm}0.04mg/g$ for Dutch coffee grounds extract, which was higher than $64.96{\pm}0.38mg/g$ for Espresso coffee grounds extract, based on $113.63{\pm}0.22mg/g$ for coffee beans extract as the reference one. DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD-like activity of Dutch coffee grounds extract were found to be better than those of Espresso coffee grounds extracts, referenced on coffee bean extract. As a result of inhibition effect of Elastase activity, Dutch coffee grounds extract showed higher inhibition effect than Espresso coffee grounds extract, based on coffee bean extract. In addition, Dutch coffee grounds extract showed good anti-microbial effects at Escherichia coli, Bacillus, Propionibacterium acnes and there was little difference in the clear zone size between Dutch coffee grounds extract and coffee bean extract as a reference one. From the results of the experiments, it was confirmed that Dutch coffee grounds extract had excellent antioxidant, anti-wrinkle and antimicrobial effects and could be used as safe natural cosmetic material in the future.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.454-462
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• 2021

This study investigated the antioxidant and nitric oxide (NO) inhibition effects of three domestic and seven foreign fermented black tea 70% ethanol extracts. Bosung showed the highest total polyphenol and tannin contents. Jeju showed the highest total flavonoid contents. The theanine content was higher in Hadong (651.50 mg%) than in foreign fermented black tea. At 25 ㎍/mL, the domestic fermented black tea extract showed the highest DPPH and ABTS racial-scavenging activities, reducing power assays. Domestic fermented black tea showed higher NO inhibitor activity than foreign black tea at 50 ㎍/mL. Bosung black tea extract showed an increase in SOD-1 level (1.39-fold) compared to the LPS-only group. Bosung and Jeju decreased the GST protein by 1.52- and 1.46-folds, respectively, compared to the LPS-only group. Thus our results suggest that domestic fermented black tea (Bosung, Jeju, and Hadong) are effective antioxidants in RAW 264.7 cells.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2023

Sucrose (suc) is a disaccharide that consists of glucose (glu) and fructose (fru). It is a carbohydrate source that acts as a nutrient molecule and a molecular signal that regulates gene expression and alters metabolites. This study aimed to evaluate whether suc-specific signaling induces an increase in bioactive compounds by exogenous suc absorption via roots or whether other factors, such as osmotic stress or biotic stress, are involved. To compare the osmotic stress induced by suc treatment, 4-week-old cultured mugwort plants were subjected to Hoagland nutrient solution with 10 mM, 30 mM, and 50 mM of suc or mannitol (man) for 3 days. Shoot fresh weight in suc and man treatments was not significantly different from the control. Both man and suc treatments increased the content of bioactive compounds in mugwort, but they displayed different enhancement patterns compared to the suc treatments. Mugwort extract treated with suc 50 mM effectively protected HepG2 liver cells damaged by ethanol and t-BHP. To compare the biotic stress induced by suc treatment, 3-week-old mugwort plants were subjected to microorganism and/or suc 30 mM with Hoagland nutrient solution. Microorganisms and/or suc 30 mM treatments showed no difference about the shoot fresh weight. However, sugar content in mugwort treated with suc 30 mM and microorganism with suc 30 mM treatment was significantly higher than that of the control. Suc 30 mM and microorganism with suc 30 mM were effective in enhancing bioactive compounds than microorganism treatment. These results suggest that mugwort plants can absorb exogenous suc via roots and the enhancement of bioactive compounds by suc treatment may result not from osmotic stress or biotic stress because of microorganism, but by suc-specific signaling.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.276-285
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• 2023

This work investigated the viral infection in jujube plants in Korea. A total of 61 samples with the symptoms of putative viral infection were collected from experimental fields and orchards. Thereafter, the samples were subjected to metatranscriptome analysis, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis, and nucleotide sequence analysis. These analyses identified the presence of two DNA viruses, jujube-associated badnavirus (JuBV), jujube mosaic-associated virus (JuMaV), and one RNA virus, jujube yellow mottle-associated virus (JYMaV). All samples collected were confirmed to be infected by at least one of the three viruses, with most showed multiple infections. The detection rates of JuBV, JYMaV, and JuMaV were 100%, 90.2%, and 8.2%, respectively. Only three combinations of viral infections were found: 9.8% of samples showed single infection of JuBV, 82.0% showed double infection of JuBV+JYMaV, and 8.2% showed triple infection of JuBV+JYMaV+JuMaV. Sequence analysis of the three viruses showed very high homology with respective virus isolates reported in China. This study is predicted to provide fundamental data to produce virus-free jujube seedlings and represents the first report of JuBV and JuMaV infection in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.549-556
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• 2015

This study extracted radish bud (Raphanus sativus L.) and investigated its nitrite scavenging activity, superoxide dismutases (SOD)-like activity, tyrosinase inhibition activity, xanthine oxidase inhibition activity, and angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibition activity according to extraction solvent and sprouting period. For nitrite scavenging activity, each extract recorded its highest level of 81.44~89.71% at pH 1.2. Radish bud extracts on sprouting days 4 and 8 showed greater scavenging activities than those on sprouting day 12 at pH 1.2 and pH 4.0. There were differences in scavenging activity according to extraction solvent based on water extract exhibiting improved scavenging activity. Ethanol extract recorded scavenging activity of 16.12% at pH 6.0, which was similar to those of ethanol and methanol radish bud extracts on sprouting day 12. SOD-like activity of radish bud extracts was in the range of 4.57~27.05%. For comparison purposes, SOD-like activity of L-ascorbic acid was 52.15%, which was higher than that of radish bud extracts. Acetone and methanol extracts showed high SOD-like activities on sprouting day 8. SOD-like activity of radish bud extracts on sprouting day 12 significantly decreased to 4.57~15.59%. Radish bud extracts recorded good tyrosinase inhibitory activities on sprouting 8 and 12, whereas methanol extracts recorded the greatest tyrosinase inhibitory activity at 62.65~84.89%. Radish bud extracts recorded xanthine oxidase inhibition activity of 21.26~29.52% on sprouting day 4, and acetone extracts showed the highest level of xanthine oxidase inhibition activity. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity tended to decrease with sprouting period compared early on. ACE inhibitory activity was in the range of 12.48~51.78% according to sprouting period and extraction solvent. Ethanol extracts on sprouting day 8 showed the highest ACE inhibitory activity of 51.78%. These results will hopefully contribute to research into the identification of materials and development of products for natural functional foods.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.187-192
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• 2006

The purpose of this research was to measurement real accmmnodative response amount of emmetropia using both eyes open-view auto-refractometer. We classified 377(male 146, female 231)eyes showing good naked vision at least 1.0, with a spherical equivalent refraction of under ${\pm}0.50D$ and cylindercal refraction of under -0.75D, from 10 to 59(mean $25.8{\pm}12.4$) years into 5 groups with 10 year interval and analyzed change of the near astigmatism and accommodative response amount to distinction of age. Age comparison, total mean 1.47D, 10 years age group 1.63D, 20 years age group 1.57D, 30 years age group 1.71D, 40 years age group 0.97D, and 50 years age group 0.05D. It was no difference between 10 to 30 years age group, But it showed the decre8.se which is remarkable from above 40 years age group and it does not almost response from above 50 years age group. Sexual difference, the man appeared some highly in male(mean $26.4{\pm}12.3$ years) 1.56D m female(mean $26.4{\pm}12.3$) 1.43D. Near-astigmatism power change, mean +0.12D, 10 years age group +0.06D, 20 years age group +0.16D, 30 years age group +0.09D, 40 years age group +0.05D, and 50 years age group +0,06D. No significant difference of astigmatism powers among the an groups, but from all years age group the astigmatism power appeared more highly far-astigmatism than near-astigmatism. Near-astigmatism axis change in the far-astigmatism changes at under ${\pm}10^{\circ}$ 103 eyes, above ${\pm}10^{\circ}$ rotation clockwise direction 108 eyes, above ${\pm}10^{\circ}$ rotation counter-clockwise direction 101 eyes. It was analyzed near-astigmatism axis change.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 2013

Objective: To investigate roles of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE MR) and diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging in preoperative prediction of underestimation of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) ${\geq}2cm$ on US guided core needle biopsy. Materials and Methods: Twenty two patients with DCIS on US-guided 14 gauge core needle biopsy were included. Patients were divided into a group with and without DCIS underestimation based on histopathology. MR images including DCE and DW imaging were obtained with a 3.0-T MR. The lesion type (mass or non-mass), enhancement pattern, peak enhancement, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of proven malignant masses were generated using software of CADstream and compared between two groups using Fisher's exact test and Mann Whitney test. Results: Eight patients were in the group with underestimation and 14 patients were in the group without underestimation. The lesion type and enhancement pattern were not different between two groups (P values = 1.000 and 0.613, respectively). The median peak enhancement of lesions with underestimation was 159.5%, higher than 133.5% of those without underestimation, but not significant (P value = 0.413). The median ADC value of lesions with underestimation was $1.26{\times}10^{-3}mm^2/sec$, substantially lower than $1.35{\times}10^{-3}mm^2/sec$ of those without underestimation (P value = 0.094). Conclusion: ADC values had the potential to preoperatively predict DCIS underestimation on US-guided core needle biopsy, although a large prospective series study should be conducted to confirm these results.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.239-248
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• 2011

This paper evaluated types and characteristics of development projects occurred in coastal area (Public Water) by analyzing an application status of Sea Area Utilization Conference System that effective protect and manage marine environment and ecosystem from various artificial utilization and development enforced in 2008. Also, system improvement for stable settlement and security of efficiency considering exposed problems during system enforcement were diagnosed. The number of Sea Area Utilization Conference (SAUC) performanced during the period of 2009-2010 was 3,705, which consisted of simple SAUC (87.0%), general SAUC (12.8%), and Sea Area Utilization Impact Assessment (SAUIC; 0.2%). The general SAUC was accomplished for Public Water reclamation (43.4%), seawater supply and drainage (17.5%), dredging sediment (5.5%), installation of port facilities (4.6%) and fishing harbor facilities (2.3%), and others (23.4%). Statements of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) were reviewed mainly for construction of port facilities (32.9%), followed by construction of industrial complex, development of tourism and leisure complex, road construction, and development of energy facilities. It would be necessary to strengthen effectiveness of the system, advertisement, and capability of conference and review agency, and to enhance confidence of marine EIA continuously, according to the increase of development projects, and diversity and enlargement of development types.