• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.66
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• pp.243-272
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• 2021

Corona 19 brought about a major shift in the Korean church's pastoral style. Contact and non-contact ministry styles using the Internet and media devices are being held together. The elderly, who have been classified as digital vulnerable, need to see whether they are properly adapting to these changes and they have any difficulties in their religious lives. This study is to organize the current status of Corona 19 related to Korean churches, look at the current state of church programs for Christian elderly people, look at how important the religious life is to their lives, and to suggest educational pastoral methods for their religious lives based on the theory of Maria Harris' educational ministry. First, in terms of Koinonia, it was suggested that the heritage, beliefs, values and ways of life held by the Christian elderly be shared with people inside and outside the church in order to entertain and embrace everyone without alienation. Second, from the perspective of Leiturgia, educational ministry was proposed to expand prayer life from a personal area to a public area to become a life of practicing prayer and justice by providing public prayer content with media that can be used by the elderly to perform spirituality. Third, it was suggested that in terms of Didache, it should be required that the elderly should be educated to be familiar with the changing technologies, that teaching environment should be extended from church to online, and that the educational content of tradition and new forms should be dealt with extensively. Fourth, from the perspective of Kerigma, Christian elderly people who have suffered in various life environments, both personally and socially, should listen to the words again and gain the power to overcome the corona crisis through the God's words, so that they can be melted into the curriculum of koinonia, leiturgia, didache, and diakonia. Fifth, it was suggested that senior citizens should switch their consciousness to become subjects of service, not objects of service, and that digital literacy education should be provided individually at eye level to narrow the digital gap for Diakonia curriculum.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.6 no.1 s.11
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• pp.73-85
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• 2004

Recently, as the growth of the wireless Internet, PDA and HPC, the focus of research and development related with GIS(Geographic Information System) has been changed to the Real-Time Mobile GIS to service LBS. To offer LBS efficiently, there must be the Real-Time GIS platform that can deal with dynamic status of moving objects and a location index which can deal with the characteristics of location data. Location data can use the same data type(e.g., point) of GIS, but the management of location data is very different. Therefore, in this paper, we studied the Real-Time Mobile GIS using the HBR-tree to manage mass of location data efficiently. The Real-Time Mobile GIS which is developed in this paper consists of the HBR-tree and the Real-Time GIS Platform HBR-tree. we proposed in this paper, is a combined index type of the R-tree and the spatial hash Although location data are updated frequently, update operations are done within the same hash table in the HBR-tree, so it costs less than other tree-based indexes Since the HBR-tree uses the same search mechanism of the R-tree, it is possible to search location data quickly. The Real-Time GIS platform consists of a Real-Time GIS engine that is extended from a main memory database system. a middleware which can transfer spatial, aspatial data to clients and receive location data from clients, and a mobile client which operates on the mobile devices. Especially, this paper described the performance evaluation conducted with practical tests if the HBR-tree and the Real-Time GIS engine respectively.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.1 s.59
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• pp.39-48
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• 2005

In the age of digital culture, TV broadcasting is exercising more influence as a information and communication medium compared to past. With the appearance of satellite broadcasting service in 2002, the broadcasting environment became a diversified field of local TV, cable TV, satellite, internet, etc. and created the time of multi-media and multi-channel. This ongoing change of broadcasting environment made the passive audience of the past, active image makers and new accepters, participants and users of communications, who know how to choose and use media as the active centerpiece, The active acceptor as the centerpiece of channel selections has become the center of the broadcasting, whereby they pick up and enjoy their favorite TV programs and came to remember the list of their favorite channels and zap them finally. In this point of spotting their favorite channels and improving the degree of recognition for the channels, the development of the noticeable brand for a particular program has made a great contribution. The aim of this study, therefore, is to recognize the factors, which are important in the habits of watching TV and to develop professional brands for TV broadcasting programs. The range of the survey for this study was home news programs and broadcasting stations abroad, which were on air from March to May in 2004. The focus of the survey was universal and professional news programs. Through this study, it was ascertained that, in the case of news, developing a brand for an anchor as well as for a professional brand of TV program could be an important element.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.61-75
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• 2007

The method used in this descriptive study is the survey. The purpose of the study is to investigate performances of middle school home economics(HE) teachers regarding the HE subject. Respondents in this study were 177 HE teachers. Questionnaires from HE teachers were collected through e-mails. With the operation of the SPSS/Win (ver10.1) program, the analyses such as mean, standard deviation, frequencies, percents, t-test and ANOVA are done to see the relations between the related variables. The results of this study were as follows. First, the middle school HE teachers performed well above the standards in terms of planning, execution, and evaluation about self supervision related to HE. Second, the HE teachers collected materials for instruction by using literary (books) survey, Internet and mass media. They mainly focused on improving ways of "teaching and learning" and deepening the studies related to contents of textbooks. Third, the HE teachers used various ways to improve self supervision in the following order: mass media, literary (books) survey, participation in societies for researches, meetings, various training and field trip More than half of the middle school HE teachers proceeded to graduate schools, joined meetings for researches and had experiences of taking classes in private institutes. They also made a field trip once or twice a year and depended much on TV programs and education broadcasting programs as ways of improving their performances related to self supervision. While they were actively sharing information with their peer group, they made little effort at analyzing and evaluating their classes and utilizing expert group for their classes. The main problems as to self supervision were that only the half of the HE teachers responded that they were performing self supervision related to their classes well above the standards and the area where they heavily focused on has been "teaching and learning" and "the studies related to contents of textbooks". Therefore, to motivate incentives of the HE teachers for self supervision, meetings for researches should be activated and various training programs should be developed. In addition, government should give administrative and institutional support through a publication of books introducing detailed ways of self supervision and an establishment of centers and institutions for supporting self supervision.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.157-171
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• 2008

The year of 2007 Reformed Curriculum encourages various activity materials in the textbook facilitate students oriented self-help learning. The purpose of this paper is to find out how much the activity materials in housing area of middle school Technology and Home Economics are practiced in the class and why they are used or not used. The data were collected from 253 middle school teachers who had ever taught the housing unit in any of 6 textbooks. The analyses indicated that the most frequent teaching methode was lecture based on the textbook and internet data focused on the figures and contents of the individual textbook. The average rate of practicing the activity materials was differ by textbooks and the characteristics of the materials such as type of materials, feature of non sentence materials, and type of activity. The main two reasons to practice the activity materials were it's adequacy to class goals and application to everyday life. Low interests of students and shortage of time were the two main reasons why not used the materials. Textbook writers should consider these reasons as well as the characteristics of activity materials practiced in the class by the teachers in order to meet the goals of the reformed as well as current curricula.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.67-88
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• 2019

Webtoon is a Korean-style digital comics platform that distributes comics content produced using the characteristic elements of the Internet in a form that can be consumed online. With the recent rapid growth of the webtoon industry and the exponential increase in the supply of webtoon content, the need for effective webtoon content recommendation measures is growing. Webtoons are digital content products that combine pictorial, literary and digital elements. Therefore, webtoons stimulate consumer sentiment by making readers have fun and engaging and empathizing with the situations in which webtoons are produced. In this context, it can be expected that the sentiment that webtoons evoke to consumers will serve as an important criterion for consumers' choice of webtoons. However, there is a lack of research to improve webtoons' recommendation performance by utilizing consumer sentiment. This study is aimed at developing consumer sentiment pattern maps that can support effective recommendations of webtoon content, focusing on consumer sentiments that have not been fully discussed previously. Metadata and consumer sentiments data were collected for 200 works serviced on the Korean webtoon platform 'Naver Webtoon' to conduct this study. 488 sentiment terms were collected for 127 works, excluding those that did not meet the purpose of the analysis. Next, similar or duplicate terms were combined or abstracted in accordance with the bottom-up approach. As a result, we have built webtoons specialized sentiment-index, which are reduced to a total of 63 emotive adjectives. By performing exploratory factor analysis on the constructed sentiment-index, we have derived three important dimensions for classifying webtoon types. The exploratory factor analysis was performed through the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using varimax factor rotation. The three dimensions were named 'Immersion', 'Touch' and 'Irritant' respectively. Based on this, K-Means clustering was performed and the entire webtoons were classified into four types. Each type was named 'Snack', 'Drama', 'Irritant', and 'Romance'. For each type of webtoon, we wrote webtoon-sentiment 2-Mode network graphs and looked at the characteristics of the sentiment pattern appearing for each type. In addition, through profiling analysis, we were able to derive meaningful strategic implications for each type of webtoon. First, The 'Snack' cluster is a collection of webtoons that are fast-paced and highly entertaining. Many consumers are interested in these webtoons, but they don't rate them well. Also, consumers mostly use simple expressions of sentiment when talking about these webtoons. Webtoons belonging to 'Snack' are expected to appeal to modern people who want to consume content easily and quickly during short travel time, such as commuting time. Secondly, webtoons belonging to 'Drama' are expected to evoke realistic and everyday sentiments rather than exaggerated and light comic ones. When consumers talk about webtoons belonging to a 'Drama' cluster in online, they are found to express a variety of sentiments. It is appropriate to establish an OSMU(One source multi-use) strategy to extend these webtoons to other content such as movies and TV series. Third, the sentiment pattern map of 'Irritant' shows the sentiments that discourage customer interest by stimulating discomfort. Webtoons that evoke these sentiments are hard to get public attention. Artists should pay attention to these sentiments that cause inconvenience to consumers in creating webtoons. Finally, Webtoons belonging to 'Romance' do not evoke a variety of consumer sentiments, but they are interpreted as touching consumers. They are expected to be consumed as 'healing content' targeted at consumers with high levels of stress or mental fatigue in their lives. The results of this study are meaningful in that it identifies the applicability of consumer sentiment in the areas of recommendation and classification of webtoons, and provides guidelines to help members of webtoons' ecosystem better understand consumers and formulate strategies.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.157-167
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• 2009

Recently, the leakage of confidential information and personal information is taking place on the Internet more frequently than ever before. Most of such online security incidents are caused by attacks on vulnerabilities in web applications developed carelessly. It is impossible to detect an attack on a web application with existing firewalls and intrusion detection systems. Besides, the signature-based detection has a limited capability in detecting new threats. Therefore, many researches concerning the method to detect attacks on web applications are employing anomaly-based detection methods that use the web traffic analysis. Much research about anomaly-based detection through the normal web traffic analysis focus on three problems - the method to accurately analyze given web traffic, system performance needed for inspecting application payload of the packet required to detect attack on application layer and the maintenance and costs of lots of network security devices newly installed. The UTM(Unified Threat Management) system, a suggested solution for the problem, had a goal of resolving all of security problems at a time, but is not being widely used due to its low efficiency and high costs. Besides, the web filter that performs one of the functions of the UTM system, can not adequately detect a variety of recent sophisticated attacks on web applications. In order to resolve such problems, studies are being carried out on the web application firewall to introduce a new network security system. As such studies focus on speeding up packet processing by depending on high-priced hardware, the costs to deploy a web application firewall are rising. In addition, the current anomaly-based detection technologies that do not take into account the characteristics of the web application is causing lots of false positives and false negatives. In order to reduce false positives and false negatives, this study suggested a realtime anomaly detection method based on the analysis of the length of parameter value contained in the web client's request. In addition, it designed and suggested a WAF(Web Application Firewall) that can be applied to a low-priced system or legacy system to process application data without the help of an exclusive hardware. Furthermore, it suggested a method to resolve sluggish performance attributed to copying packets into application area for application data processing, Consequently, this study provide to deploy an effective web application firewall at a low cost at the moment when the deployment of an additional security system was considered burdened due to lots of network security systems currently used.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.91-106
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• 2022

Cryptocurrency, stood out the sharp cost rising of Bitcoin has been spotlighted by means of the solution for stagflation because it is decentralized with an existing currency differently. Especially getting into 4th industrial revolution, technologies using block chain and internet of things have been used in the many fields, and the power of influence is also widespread. Nevertheless like a remark of Elon Musk of Tesla CEO, the problems of environmental contamination for cryptocurrency have been pointed out continuously and the most representative of them is an enormous electric usage as the use of fossil fuels. Also the amount generated of carbon dioxide result in the acceleration of global warming mainly based on the climate changes of earth if the existing mining method is continued. On the other hand, review researches have been conducted restrictively as the connection with environmental contamination as the mining of cryptocurrency. In this study, it intended to review problems for environmental contamination as the diversification of ecological system of cryptocurrency concretely. Upon investigation existing prior documents on the putting recent data first, the mining of cryptocurrency has affected on the environmental contamination conflicting with carbon neutrality as increasement of the electric usage and electronic wastes. And POS method without the mining process appeared, but it had a demerit collapsing a decentralization and then we met turning point on appearing various environmental-friendly cryptocurrency. Finally the appearance of cryptocurrency using new renewable energy acted on the opportunity of the usage maximization of energy storage apparatus and the birth of national government intervention. Based on these results, we mention clearly that hereafter cryptocurrency will regress if not go abreast the value of currency as well as environmental approach.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.18 no.1 s.39
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• pp.49-64
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• 2006

The objective of this research is to see the current status of application and development of web contents data, and to suggest the way to improve the application and development of web contents data in home economics classes in middle schools. The respondents of the research were 312 middle school home economics teachers from all over the nation, and the tool was a questionnaire which consist of 22 questions about general status of the person who was answering and their recognitions and demands on the application and development of the web contents data. The major findings were as follows : 1) 88.5% of the sample responded that they accurately grasped a meaning of a class employing web contents data, and as for effects on preparation of professional study. 2) Most of the teachers were making good use of materials from the web in their classes. They responded that it maximized the efficiency of students' learning. Some didn't use the web contents in their classes. The reasons why the web contents data usage had been low were that the classrooms were not equipped properly (43.2%) and it took long time to create web contests (37.8%). 3) Kinds of web contents data that showed the most amount of usage were the presentations (48.4%), multi-media teaching materials(23.7%), and moving pictures(19.9%). 4) Teaches wanted to improve these particular materials among the web contents: family life and home, administration and environment of resources, and clothing preparation and administration. As for the lessons, teachers wanted developments of contents of lessons, generating motives, and evaluation to be by individual teachers or curriculum researchers' societies, and 30.8% were by Korea Education & Research Information Service (KERIS).

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.1-18
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to develop a teaching-learning process plan for sustainable residing creating with neighbors and to apply it to the housing section of Technology-Home Economics according to the 2007 Revised Curriculum. Teachinglearning method solving practical problems was used for the teaching-learning process plans of 6-session lessons according to the ADDIE model. In the development stage, 17 activity materials and 15 teaching learning materials (6 reading texts, 6 moving pictures, 2 internet and 1 image materials) were developed. for the 6-session lessons, based on the stages of solving practical problems. The plans applied to the 3 classes of 8, 9, and 10th grade of the H. junior and senior high school in Myun district in Kyungbook during Sept. 1st to 14th, 2009. The results showed that students actively participated when the contents and materials were related to their own experience. The 6-session lessons about sustainable residing creating with neighbors was significantly increased the sense of community between before and after. Each of the 4 stages of the teachinglearning method solving practical problems were highly participated by the students. The satisfaction with the contents and methods of the 6-session lessons were evaluated over medium to somewhat higher levels. The practical activities to solve the community space and programs were got positive comments. Problem solving process and presentation and discussion were needed to learn more. Those results might support that the teachinglearning process plan this research developed. would be appropriate to the lessons for sustainable residing creating with neighbors.