• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 2020

This study classifies black fashion-mania by each type based on their motivation for wearing black fashion as well as verifies how they express their style. To achieve the objectives of this study, the research questions are as follows. First, the images of black fashion-manias are classified. Second, each type of black fashion enthusiasts' motivations for wearing black fashion are verified. Last, black fashion-mania style are analyzed according to image types. In order to answer the research questions, a literature review and in-depth interviews (total 30 respondents (male 15, female 15) were executed. As a result, black fashion-manias use black fashion for self protection, their self-images such as charismatic professional image, modern sophisticated image, body-conscious sexy image, avant garde image which is an anti-fashion norm and unique image. The strong reason why black fashion-manias insist on black fashion is to 'look cooler'. The expressions could be articulated from sophisticated styling techniques that appear to be undecorated rather than an overt decorated styling. It is helpful information to plan black fashion products and to establish a design direction that requires an understanding of why black fashion is pursued, while promoting an understanding of groups of black fashion-mania.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.8
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• pp.125-135
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• 2015

This study is a theoretical research based on previous domestic and international researches. The case study proceeded by collecting images from periodicals such as International Men's magazine GQ, First of all website(www.style.com) and Vogue website(www.vogue.com) were viewed. The images were selected had shapes, colors, and motives with Japanese aesthetic traits from Comme des Garçons' men's Collections of 2011 F/W to 2016 S/S. The purpose of this study is to find out the possible sources of forms and expressive methods of future fashion through Japanese traditional aesthetics of Rai Kawakubo's fashion world. Designers are expected to continue on using traditional aesthetic beauties of other countries as sources of modern fashion.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.155-173
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of inpatients who were admitted to Korean medicine hospital due to shoulder pain. Methods Characteristics of four hundred ten shoulder pain inpatients of single institution from 2011 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed through medical charts. Results Patients showed different characteristics in sex, age, motives, interval between onset and admission day, first occurrence or not, related medical history before admission, usage of west medication, admission days, treatment results, radiological examinations by shoulder pain disease groups. Accordingly, Korean medical treatment such as acupuncture, moxibustion, external treatment, cupping therapy, physiotherapy, herb-medication varied with the characteristics of shoulder pain disease groups. Conclusions Through retrospective medical charts review, characteristics of 410 single institution shoulder pain inpatients showed distinctive features and versatile Korean medicine treatments by disease groups. It is expected that this study would accelerate multi-institutional and large scale characteristic review of shoulder pain patients, which would raise reconsideration and expand boundary of Korean medicine.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.21
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• pp.177-201
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• 2003

This study was designed to explore behaviors of readers of online papers. First, the factor analysis of the online paper motive statements yielded three interpretable factors : informativeness, convenience, economicalness. For online paper use habits, a similar factor analysis procedure resulted in three factors : active utilization, news seeking, information seeking. Informativeness motive and active utilization habit were strongly related, convenience motive and news seeking habit related. Online papers and newspapers were found to be in complementary relationship. Internet access and newspaper reading, active utilization and news seeking habits were significant predictors of online paper use. The result of this study showed online paper readers perceived interactive services online papers offered. and want to utilize those effectively. This study suggests that online papers need to develop various interactive services to attract readers.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.6
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• pp.89-107
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to investigate the recognition and the needs and problems of in-service education for school nurse, and to suggest the desirable guidelines, for supples the basic data of in-service education for school nurse to upgraded the quality as school nurse's professional specialist. The subjects of this study were 376 school nurses who were working in Jollanamdo. The research instruments used in this study was 'Needs of In-service Education questionnaire'. 305 collected Data were analyzed with the frequency analysis, $x^2$-test. The conclusions were as follows; First of all, the most important motives for the school nurses to participate in-service education are the enhancement of their specialties on teaching profession, self-realizations as educators, and improvement of health teaching skill. However, the motives to obtain the skill for school management or to obtain a high rank qualification and promotion are quite low. School nurses are generally satisfied with duration, time, place of in-service education, But they are not satisfied with contents of in-service education, professional specialist and understanding of real educational situation of the instructors. On the urgent problem of school nurses, promotion of health teaching skill was highest in the rank, and establishment of firm educational philosophy and a sense of teaching profession, proceed to university and graduate school ranked next, respectively. Second, the need of a school nurses on in-service education direction ranked the application of teachers' character and need, practicable and concrete educational programs, planning of school health development, reinforcement of health education, expansion of practical knowledge and on reflection thought, respectively. The need of a school nurses on in-service education contents(major part) ranked health education, health promoting program of student, knowledge and practice of practical medicine and oriental medicine, consultation process, health education of advanced country, respectively. The need of in-service education supervisory organization, the need for a cities provinces educational office was highest in the rank. The need of in-service education type, duty training ranked high, and abroad training, qualification training, general training ranked next. the need for specialist for lecturer of in-serve education ranked among the highest, along with school nurses and university professor. The need of school nurses on education method(duplication answer), need for conference and discussion teaching was highest in the rank. The need on evaluation method, evaluation through a examination ranked the highest. On the needs of in-service education times, need for vacation during the winter and summer was the highest. As for the duration, 31 to 60 hours in duration of in-service education was need most, and most school nurses need cities and provinces in-service training institute as the location of in-service education. On the organization size, need for 21 to 30 people was the highest, where as need for 41 people was relatively low. Lastly, on the problem of in-service education for school nurses, lack of opportunity of in-service education for school nurses was highest in the rank, and improperness of in-service education contents and method, lack of incentive ranked next, respectively.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.374-381
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• 2022

The article identifies and theoretically substantiates the trends of national resilience in the context of establishing the security of the country and its civilizational subjectivity. The strategy of development of the pedagogical university in the conditions of European integration into the European educational and scientific space based on certain characterological features of the personality of the volunteer in the context of allocation of personal resilience is developed. The analysis of both external and internal challenges and threats to the civilization of the country needs to be understood in the context of economic, socio-political, legal, military-political, spiritual-cultural, educational-scientific and network-information resilience. The concepts of "national resilience" and "national security" are quite close - at first glance, even identical. However, a deeper understanding clarifies the differences: national security is a state of protection of the country identity and its very existence, the realization of its national interests. In turn, resilience is a fairly effective strategy and a fundamental guarantee of national security. At the same time, it is extremely important to understand that both national security as a state and national resilience as a strategy are only means of achieving and developing a strong and humanistic civilizational subjectivity of the country. After all, such subjectivity opens for citizens the opportunity for development, dignified self-realization and a proper life. The restructuring of the volunteer's motivational sphere is due to the dominance of such leading motives, which are focused mainly on maintaining and restoring health, which leads to distorted meaningful life goals: isolation, alienation, passivity, inertia, reduced activity, limited communication, etc. The characteristics of relatively stable human behavior include several primary and secondary properties. The primary (relevant) properties include patience, trust, hope, faith, confidence, determination, perseverance, and love; the secondary - punctuality, neatness, obedience, honesty, loyalty, justice, diligence, thrift, accuracy, conscientiousness, obligation, etc. The restructuring of the volunteer's motivational sphere is due to the dominance of such leading motives, which are focused mainly on maintaining and restoring health, which leads to distorted meaningful life goals: isolation, alienation, passivity, inertia, reduced activity, limited communication, etc. The characteristics of relatively stable human behavior include several primary and secondary properties. The primary (relevant) properties include patience, trust, hope, faith, confidence, determination, perseverance, and love; the secondary - punctuality, neatness, obedience, honesty, loyalty, justice, diligence, thrift, accuracy, conscientiousness, obligation, etc. The use of information and communication technologies in volunteering will contribute to the formation of resilience traits in the structure of personality formation. Directly to the personal traits of resilience should be included methodological competencies, which include methodological knowledge, skills and abilities (ability to define ultimate and intermediate goals, plan, conduct and analyze knowledge, establish and implement interdisciplinary links with disciplines of medical-psychological-pedagogical cycles, etc.). All these competencies form the professional resilience of the volunteer.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.463-476
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• 2009

The purpose of this research was to find out if the analogical role-playing class activity had an effect on the students' academic achievements on cellular respirations as well as their science learning motivation for those who took part in the cellular respiration. To examine the effects of applying the activity, the research was conducted targeting a high school with humanities and social sciences courses, located in Busan. The target was specified as two classes that had selected a Biology II class, with one class (27 students) set as the test group and the other class (28 students) set as the control group. The conclusion drawn from this research was as follows: First, it seemed that the analogical role-playing activity helped the students to take their own parts in cellular respiration and gave them an opportunity to explain the concepts through direct physical activities, enhancing their academic achievements. Second, it was concluded that as the students found confidence and relevance in scientific knowledge as well as obtained a sense of accomplishment, the analogical role-playing class activity increased their level of satisfaction and their science learning motives. Third, as a result of the interviews on the change of the concept, students expressed some dissatisfaction over the new concept, and thought of the analogical role-playing activity as an intelligible alternative. It appeared that the alternative was plausible and fruitful.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.387-407
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• 2005

This paper is to study globalization motives and strategies of Japanese and Korean industries by analyzing the causes and patterns of foreign direct investment (FDI) of the firms of the two countries during the 1980s and 1990s. First we develop a FDI function from the profit maximizing model of firms. Then we use regression analysis to determine internally driving-out factors and externally-inducing factors. Japanese FDI strategy has gone through three different stages; from natural resource-seeking investment in the 1950s and 1960s to market-expansion investment in the 1970s and 1980s and to a combination of cost-reducing (low-cost labor-seeking) investment and market-penetrating investment in the 1990s. On the other hand, Korean FDI behavior has gone through four different stages; from the learning stage with small investments in the 1970s, to natural resource-seeking investment in the early and mid 1980s, to the growth stage in the late 1980s and the early 1990s, to the maturity stage of the mid and late 1990s. The last two stages were characterized by a combination of cost-reducing investment and market-seeking investment. As a late comer, Korea began its FDI two decades later than Japan, but caught up the patterns of Japanese FDI by the mid 1990s and is in a competing position with Japan. Our findings show that both Japanese FDI and Korean FDI in Asia and other developing countries tendto be in labor-intensive sectors where their firms are losing their comparative advantages at home. The main motive for FDI into these regions is low-cost resource seeking. On the other hand, both Japanese FDI and Korean FDI in the U.S. and Europe tend to be knowledge-intensive sectors where Japanese and Korean firms attempt to internalize transaction and information costs by globalizing its production. The main motive for FDI into these regions is market-seeking. Firms in both countries have increased their investments in Mexico and Western and Eastern Europe in order to penetrate large economic blocs such as the EU and NAFTA area. Korean firms are more aggressive in expanding into new and untested markets than are their counterpart in Japan. Evidence of this can be seen in the scarcity of Japanese FDI and abundance of Korean FDI in Eastern Europe and China.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.27-52
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• 2010

Research on the user motivation of online brand community, the flow, community identification, brand attachment and the structural relationships between them This study is focused on the utilization motives of online brand community (emotional motivation, social motivation, informational motives), and their influences on each motivation on the flow and structural relationships between the brand identification and attachment. For the research, hierarchical chi-squal analysis, was used among Structural Equation Models, to statistically verify the size between the two paths. First, the research has proven the positive influence of user motivation of online brand community on flow. Especially on this research, user motivation of online brand community on flow was divided and analyzed into three motivations; emotional motivation, social motivation, informational motivation, the social and emotional motivation are proven to have the biggest influence on the flow and informational motivation has comparatively low influence on the flow. Secondly, this research will prove that the type of flow built on user motivation of online brand community can give positive influence on community identification and brand attachment. And third, the influence of community identification on brand attachment is very high on the flow. Result will clearly shows the flow built on user motivation of online brand community can help build brand attachment through community identification.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.337-349
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• 2023

Interest in bodybuilding, such as weight training, has increased, but research on the motivation and behavioral intention of college students is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the motives of bodybuilding participation for college students and to find out the effect on behavioral intention by mediating the psychological resistance that occurs during the bodybuilding. As for the research method, a questionnaire was conducted on 250 users through an online survey from May 30 to June 10, 2023, and a total of 232 copies were used for the final analysis. As a result of the study, first, among college students' motivation to participate in weight training, the health-oriented type and self-development type had a positive effect on voluntary acceptance. Second, among the motives for participating in weight training, the home-oriented type was found to have a negative effect on opportunistic acceptance. Finally, voluntary acceptance had a positive effect on learning outcomes, and opportunistic acceptance had a negative effect on learning outcomes. Using the results of this study, it is expected that it will be helpful to understand the factors and policies in promoting the physical health of college students.