• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.188-197
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• 2021

This study aimed to obtain fundamental data for demonstrating biodiversity of vegetation of East Asian alder (Alnus japonica) Forest Wetland of Heonilleung Royal Tombs. A total of 166 vascular plants (159 species, three subspecies, three varieties, and one cultivar) belonging to 132 genera and 59 families were found, accounting for 8.3% of 1,996 vascular plant species found in Seoul. Therophyte was the most common life-form of plants in Heonilleung Wetland. As for rare plant species, one Least Concern (LC) species was found. There were 15 floristic regional indicator species in the research area. Three of them belonged to floristic grades III and IV. This indicates that their habitats are discontinuous and isolated to some degree. Nineteen invasive alien plant species were found, most of which were introduced from North America after the year 1964 with a spread rate of V (widespread, WS).

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2018

The number of household living alone including young single adults has gradually increased. The purpose of this study is to examine the demand on housing options, additional space, shared space, community facilities, housing service for young adults living alone including college students. A total of 180 questionnaire were collected and analyzed. For housing location, commuting distance is the most important feature and amenities are the second important feature. For additional space, there is a significant difference between male and female single residents. Female residents want to install dress room most while male adults want to have a study room. For the shared house option, single adults concerns housing fee and living cost most. However, female adults concern safety and security issues much more than male ones do. The degree of preference to community facilities varies between male and female single residents. The findings suggest more differentiated approaches are needed for alternative housing options for male and female residents.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.55-64
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• 1992

Officers and ratings as a group might show differences in some aspects of personality , human relations, job attitudes, perception of business environment and surrounding organizational structure. It has been traditionally believed that licenced-officers are required to have nicely-paired leadership and dignity , and ratings obedience in maritime field. This survey revealed that officers and ratings have some differences in the actual behavior, knowledge , understanding attitude etc., In summary , officers as a superstructure of merchant ship's orgnaization are different, to some degree, from ratings as an infrastructure in several aspects. Officers are believed to have the characteristics of maturity by taking concern of business environment , social circumstance away from the vessels which they are on board. In contrast, ratings are greatly interested in the surrounding environment associated with themselves, and also experiencing alienation and technology.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.239-249
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• 2014

Color is an important subject of interest for cognitive developmental stages of children and it also correlate to emotional and physical development. Children can acquire concept of color by 'play'. Color play can be experienced to children through diversity activity and theses activities contain creative craft art activity. The color-paly with art activity for kids can be called 'kids color-design play'. Recently, indoor playgrounds are rapidly grow-up because parent's concern degree that about play activity get higher. The indoor playground being enlargement and it contains various paly contents. Color-design play is also enacted animatedly in kids indoor playground. The great part of color-design plays are enacted through program that needs teaching. On the other hand, color-design play facility that children can play spontaneously is not composed sufficiently. Therefore this study aim at design proposal of 'Kids color-design playground apparatus' in indoor playground.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.553-564
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• 2008

We have a concern with the existence of solutions (${\xi},{\eta}$) for perturbations of the parabolic system with Dirichlet boundary condition $$(0.1)\;\begin{array}{lcr}{\xi}_t=-L{\xi}+{\mu}g(3{\xi}+{\eta})-s{\phi}_1-h_1(x,t)\;in\;{\Omega}{\times}(0,2{\pi}),\\{\eta}_t=-L{\eta}+{\nu}g(3{\xi}+{\eta})-s{\phi}_1-h_2(x,t)\;in\;{\Omega}{\times}(0,2{\pi})\end{array}.$$ We prove the uniqueness theorem when the nonlinearity does not cross eigenvalues. We also investigate multiple solutions (${\xi}(x,t),\;{\eta}(x,t)$) for perturbations of the parabolic system with Dirichlet boundary condition when the nonlinearity f' is bounded and $f^{\prime}(-{\infty})<{\lambda}_1,{\lambda}_n<(3{\mu}+{\nu})f^{\prime}(+{\infty})<{\lambda}_{n+1}$.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.53-61
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• 2014

This research analyzed the relationship between CFIP and Intention to purchase under M-Commerce circumstances. First of all, CFIP had a negative influence on intention to purchase similar to E-Commerce. Secondly, we found privacy fundamentalist groups to react most sensitive to the degree of CFIP. Finally, Mobile experience did not have influence on the relationship between CFIP and Intention to purchase. This result is different from that of the E-Commerce Study. As such, it requires a more comprehensive research.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.227-239
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to improve the practice of performance assessment in elementary science education and to support it according to the levels teachers' concerns. So this study was conducted by applying CBAM which is based on teachers' concern, which was designed for the investigation of the elementary science teachers' concern, their performance level, intellectual understanding, status of performance. and stage oi awareness and the connections between these factors. The study involved 311 elementary school teachers in the city of Seoul. The result of this study was as follows: First, the stage of teachers’ concerns performance assessment in science marked 49.5％, indicating that about half of the teachers was staying on the informative stage which could be generally occurring in the beginning of performance the curriculum innovation. The level of performance marked 33.8%, which was regarded as the stage of elaboration. For the category of intellectual understanding, most of the teachers didn’t fully understood the performance assessment. Regarding the status performance, 90.4％ of the teachers were implementing the assessment at the state of knowing the purpose of it. However. 40.5% of the teachers didn't fully understand the specific characteristics of the assessment. Also, the results of analyzing the teachers’ awareness on science performance assessment indicated that they have slightly positive positions. Secondly, the result of analyzing the stages of concerns for the assessment, based on the elementary school teachers' personal background, levels of implementation, and their intellectual understanding showed that the concerns were significantly different with the categories of their workplaces(p<.05). Finally, the result of analyzing the relationship among the concerns for the science performance assessment, levels of implementation and intellectual understanding indicated that there were significant differences in levels of implementation with the degree of intellectual understanding (p<.001).

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.135-142
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate degree of stress level in CCU patients, and to give a baseline data in developing nursing intervention program to reduce the stress. Method: Subjects of this study were the 100 hospitalized patients of C University Hospital in Seoul City from February to December 2003. The collected data was analyzed by using the SAS program: t-test, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, and ANOVA analysis were employed to find differences in stress level. Result: The highest stress factor was 'Concern', and next were 'Dependency & limitation', 'Uncertainty', 'Treatment procedure', 'Sleep disturbance', 'Environment' in order. The perceived stress level of CCU patients was 1.65 scores; the highest scored item was 'have to void urine and feces on the bed', next were 'have to use the toilet bowel lying on the bed' in order. The stress level according to characteristics of the subjects was significantly different with the marital status, the presence of religion, the hospitalized days, the economic status, and the admission experience. Conclusion: The stress level of patients in the coronary care unit was high in concern of a disease, family and economic state, in limitation and dependency, and in uncertainty about prognosis of a disease. Further researches are necessary to develop and apply the intervention method of reducing stress level of CCU patients. In addition studies on family members of CCU patients are also recommended.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.18 no.2 s.27
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• pp.31-43
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• 2005

In this study, after establishing assessment framework and reviewing the conceptual evolution and component of EL(Environmental Literacy) through literature review, through middle school students as population, the level of EL and relationship of its related variables were examined. The investigation was consisted of second and third grades of urban and rural middle schools in Choongbook. The used measurement methods were objective evaluation and Likert-type scale. The questionnaire instrument variables were consisted of 80 items on environmental literacy variables and six items on student gender, area of residence, environmental lesson, degree of environmental concern, environmental information, environmental activity as background variables. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1. Although the broad and obscure concept of EL has been evolved until 1992, it has been developed more systematic and precise after 1992. But there is not still an agreed concept. 2. The subordinate components of EL were consisted of cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects. Both ecological knowledge(KEOC) and environmental skill(SKILL) were determined to serve as two powerful predictors of EL. 3. The level of EL of middle school student was showed statistically significant difference to some variables by student gender, residential area, environmental lesson, environmental concern, environmental information, and environmental activity variables. And the most influential variables of EL in middle school student were environmental skill(SKILL), and locus of control (LOC). Based on the findings of this study, the following suggestions are drawn: It should be established a precise concept on EL as the ultimate aim of environmental education both interdisciplinary cooperation and experts of environmental education and also performed further longitudinal study which assessed multidimensional variables which are able to exactly measure the EL of middle school student.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.331-348
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to obtain basic data for nutrition education of the children in a health promoting elementry school. The data was collected by a questionaire of food habits, and anthropometric measurement and biochemical test in comparison with obesity index. The study subjects were boys and girls aged 10 to 12 years who participated in the “99 Children Nutrition Camp”. The average obesity index was 1.7$\pm$21.6% in boys and -11.4$\pm$12.6% in girls. After school, major leisure items were significnatly different by gender but both boys and girls played mainly computer game. In concern for body image and eating habits, girls had more concern and girls had attempted weight control more than boys. 80.2% of subjects had prejudice for special food, especially, all subjects in the severely underweight group had prejudice. But this tendency was significantly decreased with the increasing obesity index. The lowest preferency was for vegetables(64.4%). The tendency of prejudice of subjects was higher whose mother are thirties than those of subjects whose mother are in fourties. The serum GOT and GPT values were significantly higher in overweight and obese group than the other groups. The only serum T-chol was significantly higher in boys than in girls. The number of risk factors related to coronary heart disease(CHD) based on coresponding criteria of TG, T-chol, HDL-chol, and LDL-chol was not increased significantly with the degree of obesity index. The results indicated the need of nutritional management for the children. At a point of view, to educate children early who are able to change food habits and life-styles means to help heathy growth and to deliver up heathy adults. Active nutrition education for both children and mothers will be recommended with joint participation of nutritionists in community public health center and elementary school.