• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.35-38
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• 2018

Mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) is a rare malignant neoplasm that occasionally occurs in the large intestine (colon), followed by the pancreas, ovary, lung, prostate, and breast. It is characterized by large amounts of extracellular epithelial mucin that contains tumor cell nests. We herein present a unique case of MAC originating from minor salivary gland, the second to be reported in literature in South Korea. We report a case of MAC in the tongue considered to be developed from minor salivary gland with a review of literature.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2018

With the enthusiasm regarding robotic application in radical prostatectomy in accordance with the widespread use of serum prostate-specific antigen as a screening test, the number of surgeries performed for complete removal of the gland is increasing continuously. However, owing to the adjacent anatomical location of the prostate to the nerve and urethral sphincter complex, functional recovery, namely improvement from post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI) and post-prostatectomy erectile dysfunction, still remains a main problem for patients who are reluctant to undergo surgery and tend to choose alternative ways instead. Since the late 1980s, the introduction of radical prostatectomy by open surgical modalities, the depth of the anatomical understanding of the structure surrounding the prostate is getting tremendous, which leads to the development of new surgical modalities and techniques that are consequently aimed at reducing the incidences of PPI and erectile dysfunction. Briefly, recent data from robotic radical prostatectomy, particularly on PPI, are quite acceptable, but by contrast, the reported potency regain rate still remains <20%, which indicates the need for advanced surgical modification to overcome it. In this review, the authors summarized the recent findings on the anatomy and surgical techniques reported up to now.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.139-147
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• 2017

Purpose: To evaluate differences in staging accuracy of prostate cancer according to the extent of hemorrhage on multiparametric MRI performed after biopsy. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 71 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer. Patients underwent MRI followed by a prostatectomy at our institution in 2014. Two radiologists reviewed the MRI to determine the tumor stage. Correlation between biopsy-MRI interval and extent of hemorrhage was evaluated. Regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with accuracy of tumor staging. Results: The mean interval between biopsy and MRI was $17.4{\pm}10.2days$ (range, 0-73 days). The interval between prostate biopsy and MRI and the extent of hemorrhage were not significantly correlated (P = 0.880). There was no significant difference in the accuracy rate of staging between the small and large hemorrhage groups. Conclusion: Biopsy-induced hemorrhage in the prostate gland is not sufficiently absorbed over time. The extent of hemorrhage and the short interval between biopsy and MRI may not impair tumor detection or staging on multiparametric MRI.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2008

전립선 암은 종양 영상 분야에서 가장 어려운 분야 중 하나이다. 술전 영상 검사를 통한 전립선 암의 발견 (detection), 정위 (localization) 그리고 병기결정(staging)은 여전히 영상의학과 의사의 도전이 필요한 분야이다. 자기공명 영상은 우수한 연부 조직 대조를 보이며 여러 고형 장기의 영상에 널리 쓰이나, 전립선의 술전 자기공명 영상의 결과는 기대에 미치지 못한다. 전산화단층촬영 영상과 결합된 양전자방출단층촬영술 (PET/CT)은 종양 영상의 발달에 획기적인 기여를 하였으나, 전립선암의 평가에는 어려움이 많다. 최근에 이러한 불충분한 정확도를 극복하기 위하여 발전된 자기공명 영상 기법과 PET/CT을 이용한 전립선암 영상에 대한 연구들이 발표되었다. 본 종설에서는 새로운 기법의 자기 공명 영상과 PET/CT 영상을 중심으로 전립선암의 다양한 영상법과 그 소견을 살펴볼 것이다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.849-859
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• 2021

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a fatal disease that occurs in men. In general, PCa cells are found in the prostate gland. Early diagnosis is the key to prevent the spreading of cancers to other parts of the body. In this case, deep learning-based systems can detect and distinguish histological patterns in microscopy images. The histological grades used for the analysis were benign, grade 3, grade 4, and grade 5. In this study, we attempt to use transfer learning and fine-tuning methods as well as different model architectures to develop and compare the models. We implemented MobileNet, ResNet50, and DenseNet121 models and used three different strategies of freezing layers techniques of fine-tuning, to get various pre-trained weights to improve accuracy. Finally, transfer learning using MobileNet with the half-layer frozen showed the best results among the nine models, and 90% accuracy was obtained on the test data set.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.3173-3181
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• 2015

Background: It has been hypothesized that IL-18 (pro-) and IL-10 (anti-) inflammatory genetic variants at -607 C/A-137G/C and -819C/T,-592C/A, respectively, may generate susceptibility and severity risk with various modes of tobacco exposure in prostate carcinoma (PCa) patients. IL-18 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine expressed on various cells including prostate gland elements, and is a key mediator of immune responses with anti-cancerous properties. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is associated with tumour malignancy which causes immune escape. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted with 540 subjects, comprising 269 prostate carcinoma patients and 271 controls. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP and confirmed by real time PCR probe-based methods. Results: The findings indicated that the mutant heterozygous and homozygous genotype CC and GC+CC showed significant negative associations (p=0.01, OR=0.21; 95% CI: 0.08-0.51 and p=0.011, OR=0.43; 95% CI: 0.22-0.81, respectively) thus, less chance to be diagnosed as cancer against GG genotype of tobacco smoking patients. In addition, a heterozygous GC genotype at the same locus of IL-18 pro-inflammatory cytokine may aggravate the severity (OR=2.82; 95%CI 1.09-7.29 :p=001) so that patients are more likely to be diagnosed in advanced stage than with the GG wild homozygous genotype. Our results also illustrated that anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) genetic variants, although showing no significant association with susceptibility to cancer of the prostate, may gave profound effects on severity of the disease, as -819 TC (OR=4.60; 95%CI 1.35-15.73), and -592 AC (OR=5.04; 95%CI 1.08-25.43) of IL-10 in tobacco chewers and combined users (both chewers and smokers) respectively, are associated with diagnosis in more advanced stage than with other variants. Conclusions: We conclude that promoter genetic variants of IL-18 and IL-10 with various modes of tobacco exposure may affect not only susceptibility risk but also severity in prostate cancer.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.132-136
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• 1995

The laryngeal cancer is a cancer of secondary sex organ, such as malignant tumors of the mammary gland, endometrium, and prostate. The clinical characteristics of the female laryngeal cancers are considered somewhat to be different from that of male. As cancer of the larynx is principally a disease of men, many investigations have showed the characteristics of the male laryngeal cancers. For understanding the clinical characteristics of the female laryngeal cancers, we analyzed 21 cases of laryngeal cancer in women, diagnosed and treated in our institute during the last 10 years. The results were, 1) In female subjects, supraglottis was most common subsite of laryngeal cancer(85.7%). 2) On histopathologic grade, the moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was the most common (80.9%). 3) The positive neck nodes were 19 %, considered to be lower than that of total laryngeal cancer. 4) The treatment results, the 2 year disease free rate and 5 year survival rate were 88.9%, 83.3%, respectively. These results suggest, therefore, female laryngeal cancers are more likely to be supraglottic cancer than glottic cancer. In spite of high incidence of supraglottic cancer, the nodal metastases are rare, the prognosis appeared to be good.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.481-487
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 15 MV를 이용한 전립샘암의 세기조절방사선치료 시 빔의 개수에 따른 광중성자선량의 부작용 발생률을 분석하고자 한다. 전립샘암 세기조절방사선치료의 방사선치료계획설계는 1회 처방선량 220 cGy, 전체 치료 횟수는 33회로 총 7260 cGy로 수립하였다. 실험에 사용된 선형가속기는 Varian의 True Beam STx(Varian, USA)이며, 계획용 표적체적(Planning target volume; PTV)에 15 MV로 광중성자 선량이 발생되도록 하였다. 치료계획의 설계는 Eclipse System (Varian Ver 10.0, USA)을 사용하여 세기조절방사선치료 5, 7, 9 portals로 하였다. 광중성자 선량 측정을 위해 광자극발광선량계 (Optically stimulated luminescence albedo neutron dosimeter, Landauer Inc., USA)를 사용하였다. 세기조절방사선치료 5 portals 시 1,000명당 1.7명, 7 portals 시 1,000명당 1.8명, 9 portals 시 1,000명당 2.0명이 광중성자 선량으로 인하여, 갑상샘에 부작용을 나타낼 확률임을 산출하였다. 본 연구는 세기조절방사선치료 시 2차 피폭선량의 위험성을 연구하여, 향후 방사선의 확률적 영향과 관련된 의미 있는 자료로 활용될 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.166-176
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• 2010

Objective : Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) is one of the most common diseases among elderly men. In BPH, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) acts as a potent cellular androgen and promotes prostate growth. Many reports conclude the component melittin in bee venom has the potential to treat various diseases including prostate cancer. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and action mechanism of Bee venom herbal acupuncture with BPH induced by castration and testosterone treatment. Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with testosterone after castration for induction of experimental BPH. A total of 24 rats were equally divided into four groups: Group 1 was the model group; Group 2 served as control (sham-operated group); Group 3 animals were treated with Bee venom herbal acupuncture as an experimental specimen; Group 4 served as a positive control group and was treated with finasteride at a dose of 1 mg/kg. The drugs were administered orally. The prostates were evaluated by prostatic weight, volume, histopathological changes and testosterone levels. Results : While prostates of control rats revealed severe acinar gland atrophy and stromal proliferation, the rats treated with Bee venom herbal acupuncture showed a diminished range of tissue damage and showed significant decrease in their prostatic weights, volume and histopathological examination. Conclusions : These results suggest that Bee venom herbal acupuncture may protect the glandular epithelial cells and also inhibit stromal proliferation. From theses results, we suggest that Bee venom herbal acupuncture could be a useful remedy agent for treating the benign prostatic hyperplasia.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1373-1377
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• 2016

Background: We vigorously reviewed patients' operation record who had adhesion of the Denonvilliers' fascia and found out most of these patients had prostatic bleeding after prostatic gland biopsies. We examined the magnitude of prostatic bleeding and frequency after biopsies and the relationship with oncological outcomes. Materials and Methods: A total of 285 patients were selected for the final analyses. Inclusion criteria were as follows: receiving MRI three weeks after biopsiesand laparoscopic radical prostatectomy within 300 days after biopsy. We divided the patients into two groups with (group A) or without (group B) prostatic bleeding. We examined the magnitude of prostatic bleeding after biopsies and the relationship with operation time (OT), positive surgical margin (PSM), biochemical recurrence (BCR) and other factors. Furthermore, we created a logistic-regression model to derive a propensity score for prostatic bleeding after biopsies, which included all patient and hospital characteristics as well as selected interaction terms, and we examined the relationship with PSM and BCR. Results: In all patients, the OT in the group B was shorter than the group A (p < 0.001). Prostatic bleeding was associated with PSM (p=0.000) and BCR (p=0.036). In this propensity-matched cohort, 11 of 116 patients in the group B had PSM as compared with 36 of 116 patients from group A (match-adjusted odds ratio, 4.30; 95%CI confidence interval, 2.06 to 8.96; P=0.000). In addition, eight of 116 patients in group B encountered BCR, as compared with 18 of 116 patients in group A (match-adjusted odds ratio, 2.48; 95%CI, 1.03 to 5.96; P=0.042). Kaplan-Meier analysis in the propensity matching cohort showed a significant biochemical recurrence-free survival advantage for being free of prostate bleeding after biopsies. Conclusions: Our findings in the present cohort should help equip surgeons to pay attention to careful excision especially for those who experienced deferred prostatic bleeding.