• Journal of architectural history
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.97-117
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• 2004

The tradition of architecture in the East and the West are different in many ways. One of the basic cause of such difference, however, is the different ways of perception of space and time. This paper aims to identify the attitude of perception of space and time in the cultures of the East and the West, and its influence on architecture. Degrees of importance placed on either space or time, as well as the modes of perception of space and time are discussed in relation to architecture. Basically, the architecture of the West seems to be more spatially oriented than the East, and this have much to do with the fact that the tradition of Western architecture is visually oriented. On the other hand, East Asian architecture have been more conscious on bodily feeling and its movement in architecture. Spatial units of traditional Eastern architecture, are arranged in such a way in which man can experience the change of space that is supposed to be organized to form a sequential message. Thus, in the East, temporal dimension is more deliberately included in the course of architectural experience compared to the cases of the West. Although it is not easy to attempt any kind of value judgment on such aspects, it is necessary to understand how the different perception of space and time influenced architectural outcome, especially when one wants to understand the cultural cause that have made the architectures of the East and the West very different. Such understanding is particularly important in East Asia where their future of architecture depends much on how they harmonize the Eastern and Western background which are already built up as two cultural structure in their consciousness to be able to create more desirable architecture for themselves.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.229-239
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• 2015

The 21st century is a multiplication age and social and cultural phenomena have become diverse and peoples' desires and individuality have become important. Accordingly, the sensibility that reflects human taste is also required in the exhibition space. The exhibitions in this age induce the direct cognition of senses or take interactive forms that contact diverse media and react. The purpose of this research is to define the concept of haptic presentation method in which the audience perceive in the exhibition space by themselves and the visual elements spread into other senses and perceive complexly, and to present the directional nature. To conduct this research, first, this researcher recognized that haptic sensory experiential research by analyzing the roles and transition history of exhibition space is needed for the present age Second, based on philosophical theories, four haptic sensory expression characteristics (medium nature, experiential nature, attractiveness, sensitiveness) were derived by substituting Giles Deleuze's four haptic spatial characteristics (grasping short distance, dispersed gaze, cognition of bodily movement, formation of synesthesia through complex senses) and six formative factors of exhibition space (space, form, size, light, quality of materials, and color). And the effective exhibition presentation methods were analyzed through six cases of experiential exhibition spaces. Accordingly, what matters in the experiential exhibition space is to produce the four characteristics: medium nature, experientiality, attractiveness, and sensitiveness in equilibrium. It is necessary for the designers to reflect it appropriately in producing so that the audience can think and experience by themselves. Accordingly, in this thesis, it could be seen that to produce the haptic production characteristics in the experiential exhibition space in equilibrium is the important factor in the experiential exhibition space. In conclusion, experiences in the exhibition space should be approached with the transcendental haptic presentation method by which even the space of actually unexperienced cognition can be expanded and experienced through the metastasis and tension of various senses. Also, researches on such senses should be developed continuously, and this researcher expects that this will become a stimulant to present a new directivity.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.674-696
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• 2011

Recent change in consumption patterns, casual clothing market share is growing. Awareness about the quality of the product for a variety of consumer needs are becoming. Accordingly, stretch material items that satisfy modern production and consumption is increasing. Among them, circular knit and woven fabrics with different characteristics have. However, this requires a consideration of the pattern graphics, this study is not getting enough. The purpose of this study is to develop a T-shirt using circular knit pattern for women in early twenties. Through the research of literature and a survey on T-shirt patterns of ready-to-wear manufactures and training for the pattern 4 T-shirt patterns were selected. Eight women in early twenties who fit the bodily standard were selected for the test. Subjects who were tested by wearing a T-shirt made of 30's cotton circular knit. Drafting method of T-shirt pattern which were closed to the optimum value three, derived from the five point rating scale outfit test were selected and the differences between the values of the selected drafting methods and the optimum three were verified. Passed by the test of 2 times and the final research T-shirt pattern was developed through adjusting from the optimum value three. The form which is whole is a silhouette closely in the body and drafting method the elasticity and drapery considered the quality of the circular knit where the characteristic is excellent.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.351-365
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• 2017

Illness has long been an important plot device in Korean dramas. In earlier years, the device typically was supposed to be in the form of a terminal bodily disease occurring for the female main character toward the end of the story. On the other hand, the latest trend is to situate a mental illness for the male lead character at the earlier part, and use it as a tool to build characters, construct causal relations and set the intense tone for the overall story. The mental illness as a plot device helps to provide a series of reversals, revelations and turnarounds, giving viewers a stronger sense of intensity, empathy and identification. While the illness used to play the role of a deus ex machina to make a big emotional finish, the latest adoption of the mental illness as a main plot device has enhanced the flexibility of the plot and the effect of versimilitude in dramas. These noticeable changes make one suspect that the focus of Korea's drama contents might have already begun to grow out of the conventional soap operas into different genres.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.267-285
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• 2000

According to the literatural study on the causes of Infertility in women, the results were as follows. 1. The causes of Infertility in women were arranged scholarly thoery during to Jin-Yuan era (金 元 時代) from Huang-Di-Nei-Jing(黃帝內經), and literatures after Ming-Qing era(明 淸 時代) divided and added one's own thoery since they choose preceding thoery. 2. In the Modern Medicine, the causes of Infertility in women are divided the product obstruction of Oocyte, the union obstruction of sperm and oocyte by abnormality of vagina, cervix, corpus, fallopian tubes, pelvic, and peritoneum, Endocrine factor, Immunologic factor, and Emotion factor. 3. In the Oriental Medicine, the causes of Infertility in women are attached importance to functional side as 'asthenia-cool of uterus'(子宮虛寒), 'deficiency of vital energy and blood'(氣血虛), 'deficiency of yin'(陰虛), 'impairement of seven emotion'(七情傷), 'disease of extra mierdians'(寄經病), and so forth; while on the other in the Modern Medicine, the causes of Infertility in women are attached importance to organic side as abnormality of uterus and ovary. 4. In the successive literatures, 'asthenia-cool of uterus'(子宮虛寒) occupied most frequency in the causes of Infertility in women and in the next obesity(體肥), 'deficiency of vital energy and blood'(氣血虛), menstrual irregularity(月經不調), deficiency of yin'(陰虛), 'impairement of seven emotion'(七情傷), emaciation(體瘦), 'disease of extra mierdians'(寄經病), and so forth occupied much frequency. 5. In the bodily form, obesity(體肥) and emaciation(體瘦) occupied comparatively more frequency.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.2837-2845
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• 2009

This study certified that the mentality training that utilized ICT learning has been working as an important base having much effect on learner's basic attitude on physical education class, improvement of bodily exercise function, and class satisfaction, and that the exercise ability was improved in the scope of speed, form(posture), accuracy(shooting success rate), and adaptability(performance ability). It means it is a much more step-forwarded educational method that the advantages of ICT learning and mentality training at the existing learning method were applied to the reality. Regarding the object of this study, it is a little bit unreasonable to generalize its study results in that it wasn't intended for national unit sampling. Therefore, in the future study, it is necessary to continue to advance the study that its representative-ness was supplemented through the balanced sampling between area and area, and between grade and grade.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.52-68
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• 2013

Objectives: Hyungsang medicine (HM) is an inspection which emphasizes the relationships between pathological patterns and one's facial or bodily shape, color and movement. The purpose of this study was to review previously published study results of the HM. Methods: The authors reviewed a total of 51 HM-related studies published from 2000 to 2012 found on PubMed and various domestic Oriental medicine journals. Each study was classified into theoretical, diagnostic, or treatment-related category. Results: Theoretical studies were mostly based on the Nei-Ching and Dong-Eui-Bo-Gam texts, and dealt with differences in form between types such as masculine and feminine, the five organ image types, the four-type categorization of body essence, vital energy (Qi), mentality, and Blood, Gallbladder and Bladder, the four-type categorization of fish, bird, horse, and turtle types, and the six meridian types. Research on diagnosis has been performed on diagnostic characteristics of HM, correlation between HM and general coordinative manipulation (GCM), and Hyungsang medicine and ante-disease pattern (未病類型). Studies on treatments could largely be classified as treatments for specific diseases using certain acupuncture or herbal prescriptions based on HM. Treatments were mostly evaluated solely through subjective symptom improvement of patients. Conclusions: Our review results suggest that HM-related studies were focused on the constitutional characteristics and clinical utility of HM. To strengthen the theoretical basis of HM and its clinical utility, clinical trials including randomized, treatment-placebo and blind methods are needed.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2017

Objectives : This study aims to report the effectiveness and safety of Korean medicine with thread embedding acupuncture in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Methods : A 73-year-old man who had suffered from severe facial pain for one year and who had had a healthy tooth extracted due to the pain is reported. He could not eat or sleep due to the severe pain. Acupuncture, thread embedding acupuncture, cupping, herbal steam, and herbal medicines were used for the treatment. Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and adverse events were checked daily, and other outcomes (Baseline Evaluation, Visual Analogue Scale [VAS], Short Form Health Survey 36-Bodily Pain [SF-36 BP], and Patient Global Assessment [PGA]) were measured at hospital admission and discharge. During the follow-up examinations, his pain was evaluated roughly, without using any formal measurements, on the basis of a global assessment. Results : All measured parameters, including pain, quality of life, and patient satisfaction were noted to have improved at the time of discharge compared to admission: VAS from 10 to 1.5, NRS from 7-8 to 1-2, and SF-36 BP from 0 to 22.5, and the patient's global assessment was somewhat improved. He did not take any analgesics after discharge and noted only mild adverse events, like pain where the acupuncture and thread embedding acupuncture needles were inserted. His pain relief was maintained for 6 months. Conclusion : Korean medicine with thread embedding acupuncture might be a safe and effective treatment for TN. In the future, larger sample sizes and high quality randomized clinical trials are warranted to confirm its efficacy and safety.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.63 no.6
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• pp.757-766
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• 2020

Objective : Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a severe and life-threatening disease. Although commonly performed, the effect of timing in surgical treatment on patient outcome is still unclear. With this study, we aim to provide evidence for early surgical treatment in patients with SEA. Methods : Patients treated for SEA in the authors' department between 2007 and 2016 were included for analysis and retrospectively analyzed for basic clinical parameters and outcome. Pre- and postoperative neurological status were assessed using the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS). The self-reported quality of life (QOL) based on the Short-Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) was assessed prospectively. Surgery was defined as "early", when performed within 12 hours after admission and "late" when performed thereafter. Conservative therapy was preferred and recommend in patients without neurological deficits and in patients denying surgical intervention. Results : One hundred and twenty-three patients were included in this study. Forty-nine patients (39.8%) underwent early, 47 patients (38.2%) delayed surgery and 27 (21.9%) conservative therapy. No significant differences were observed regarding mean age, sex, diabetes, prior history of spinal infection, and bony destruction. Patients undergoing early surgery revealed a significant better clinical outcome before discharge than patients undergoing late surgery (p=0.001) and conservative therapy. QOL based on SF-36 were significantly better in the early surgery cohort in two of four physical items (physical functioning and bodily pain) and in one of four psychological items (role limitation) after a mean follow-up period of 58 months. Readmission to the hospital and failure of conservative therapy were observed more often in patients undergoing conservative therapy. Conclusion : Our data on both clinical outcome and QOL provide evidence for early surgery within 12 hours after admission in patients with SEA.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.1359-1362
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• 2009

Digital media technology has power of influence as extended in not only science and technology but also our society and culture. These phenomenon is explained as 'digital convergence'. Edmond Couchot argue the term 'hybridization'. Yvonne Spielmann and Jay David Bolter also argue that digital hybrid artworks across and integrates a diverse range of modes of representation, such as image, text, sound, space and bodily modes of expression. They must also address communicative interaction in the convergence of real and virtual spaces. In this paper, I noticed mixed reality environment which is seen as the form of hybrid between real and virtual object. And I discuss about this phenomenon as the study of interdisciplinary between art and science.