• 한국철학논집
• /
• 제27호
• /
• pp.7-37
• /
• 2009

본고는 보조 지눌이 제시한 '마음'의 문제에 대하여 다루고 있다. 전제적으로 '마음'의 문제에 대한 지눌의 접근방식, 심성론 그리고 수증론의 세 영역으로 접근하여 설명하였다. 기존의 연구 성과를 토대로 하였으며, 다만 '무심(無心)'의 부분을 심성론의 부분에서 설명하고자 한 부분이 기존의 연구자와 다른 점이라 할 수 있다. 이는 간화선과의 배대를 이루기 위하여 발표자가 강조한 것이다. 본 논문의 내용은 '마음'의 문제에 대한 지눌의 접근방식을 주로 수증론에 입각하여 설명하였으며, 그의 사상이 저술의 형성을 통하여 나타났다는 점과 그의 사상체계가 돈오점수와 간화선의 구조로 되어 있음을 밝혔다. 마음의 문제를 철학적으로 다루고 있는 것은 심성론이다. 따라서 심성론에 있어서 심성의 용례를 살펴보고 이어 돈오점수론의 바탕이 되는 공적영지심과 간화론의 바탕이 되는 무심에 대하여 살펴보았다. 마지막으로 수증론으로서 돈오점수론과 간화론에 대하여 살펴보았다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.424-435
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the geological terms used in the elementary school science curriculums from 1876 to present. We collected the data of geological terminologies based on what is being used in the revised 2007 national curriculum. In this study, data was divided into three periods according to political events, "The Modern Enlightenment Period (1876~1910)", "The Japanese Colonial Period (1910~1945)", and "The Current Curriculum Period (1945~present)". During the early modern enlightenment period, translated Chinese characters' terminologies by western scholars in Qing-China were used in science books. The late modern enlightenment period, we used many translated Japanese textbooks in schools, which naturally introduced the way that Japan's terminology is used. In the Japanese colonial period, Korean students had to study science subjects written in Japanese characters, so they had used Japanese terminologies of science. After the liberation of Korea from the Imperial Japan, there was an efforts to make new Korean terminologies of geology under the new current national curriculum. However, the terminologies used in Korean textbooks ended up using and borrowing the same way that the Japanese-Sino terms of science used later.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.161-181
• /
• 2018

이 논문에서는 1876년에서 1910년에 이르는 개화기에 국가적 차원에서 일어난 초등수학교육의 변화를 정리하였다. 이를 위해 개화기를 갑오개혁이전, 갑오개혁, 통감부시기로 구분하고 각 시기별로 초등수학교육의 주요 변화를 살펴보았다. 갑오개혁이전시기부터 산술교육의 필요성이 인식되었으며, 갑오개혁시기에 산술교육은 본격적으로 국가교육과정이 되었다. 특히 갑오개혁시기에는 국한문혼용의 초등수학교과서가 발간되었다. 일제의 간섭이 본격화된 통감부 시기에는 '간이'와 '이용'의 교육정책에 따라 산술교육도 축소 또는 약화되었다. 이 시기에 발간된 초등교원용 산술서는 특기할 만하다.

• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.161-181
• /
• 2012

개화기(1876~1910) 조선은 서양의 과학기술이 활발하게 소개되었다는 점에서 격동의 시기였다. 이러한 서양 근대과학과 동양과학의 상호작용은 당시 조선을 방문하였던 서양인의 기록에서 일면 엿볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 개화기에 조선을 방문하였던 서양인의 문헌 중 날씨와 기후에 대한 기록에 초점을 맞추어 그 특징을 파악하는 데에 목적이 있다. 연구 결과는 수치를 이용한 정량적 기록, 근대과학 체계에서 기후 파악, 그리고 강우에 대한 기록이라는 세 가지 특징으로 정리할 수 있다. 이와 같은 특징은 개화기 조선을 방문한 서양인들이 한반도의 기후에 대해 객관적이고 체계적으로 이해하고 있었음을 보여준다.

• 복식
• /
• 제66권6호
• /
• pp.46-66
• /
• 2016

This thesis aims to analyze the costume changes according to the ideological transition through the portraits of Napoleon Bonaparte. This study selected 32 color pictures of Napoleon, which was taken during his time as a general to his ascension as Emperor (1785-1815). The study qualitatively analyzed the traits and costume elements in view of the items, color and ornaments of the costume, while studying the effects of the ideological transition. The costumes of Napoleon were categorized into three parts: general, governor and Emperor. Firstly, Napoleon most frequently wore the navy uniforms when taking the portraits as a general. The uniform gave Napoleon the image of strength, youth and intelligence, which reflected the ideology of enlightenment. Secondly, the red-colored administrator uniform, combined with a military coat with culotte, was worn to make the governor look intelligent, which would ascribe to the ideological demand of the enlightenment. Lastly, his portraits as emperor showed him in long white tunica, combined with red-colored coronation cape ornamented with embroidery, ermine fur, and the crown of laurel. This costume denoted both the enlightenment and also the neoclassical trend aspiring for the return to the Greek and Roman era. In this way, the portrait of Napoleon might be expected to reflect the periodical change of the ideology through describing the transition of the costumes. It might be evident that his image of the strong general changed to that of an intelligent governor, which was in demand when the enlightenment idea became popular. When Napoleon became the emperor, his image changed into that of a Roman emperor, which implies that neoclassical ideas were used as source of influence.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.427-435
• /
• 2004

본 연구에서는 개화기 화학교과서를 분석하여 당시 화학교육의 특성을 알아보았다. 교과서의 분석은 과학적 측면, 학습자 측면, 그리고 지도적 측면으로 나누어 이루어졌다. 각 측면으로 분석된 결과 개화기 화학교과서는 첫째, 당시 교육과정에 진술된 화학의 성격과는 달리 지식이 강조되었고, 서론, 비금속, 금속, 유기화학 등으로 구성되었다. 둘째, 현재의 고등학교 수준의 내용을 다루고 있으며, 학생들이 실험을 실시하기에는 어려운 구성 체제이었다. 셋째, 과학 용어의 표기에 일관성이 없으며, 타교과 내용을 일부 다룬 교과서도 있었다. 이러한 결과로부터 개화기 화학교과서는 과학적 측면에서 결여된 점이 있었으며, 적절히 지도하기 어려운 특성을 가졌다고 볼 수 있다. 또한, 학습자 측면에서는 과학을 처음 접하는 당시 학습자를 생각해 볼 때 수준 높은 내용이 다루어졌다고 판단된다. 이에 개화기 화학교육은 제대로 이루어지기 어려웠다고 여겨진다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.87-93
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of the spatial composition at the Modern Korean houses after the time of the enlightenment in Daegu province. The orientation of the houses, way of the entrance and its relation to the inner house(An-Chae), the type of floor plan, the compositional methods of exterior space, and the usage of exterior space are investigated. As the results, the Modern Korean houses after the time of the enlightenment in Daegu province are showed the symptom of the modernization in aspect of the site plan and the compositional methods of exterior space.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.17-29
• /
• 2001

This paper serves to analyze discourses on remarriage of the widows at the beginning of the modernization era or during the enlightenment period of Korea (1860-1910). The discourses of newspapers and Shinsoseol which are the text of this study have been analyzed with the qualitative research technique. The major conclusions that are derived from the study are as follows: First, intellectuals during the enlightenment period claimed the unfairness of the prohibition from remarriage of the widows with especially focusing on financial difficulty and life-long loneliness of the young widows. Second, permission of remarriage of the widows was explained not with the point of vies of individual life of widow, but with the point of vies of strengthening the international competitiveness. Third, the discourse claimed that the widow should hold the power of decision of remarriage. Forth, the discourse emphasized the etiquette of the wedding ceremony in remarriage of widows. Fifth, the point that the faithfulness was not easy for a usual widow to obey made the faithfulness noble ethical principle of Korea society.

• 한국가구학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.120-128
• /
• 2007

This study explored the philosophical Modernity with the Enlightenment in relation to cultural and aesthetic modernism rooted in Modern furniture, which directly reflected modern culture and society with rationality, science, individualism, progressive, universal truths, etc, using qualitative analysis about the related literature as the principal methodology. A fundamental philosophy of the modern furniture influenced by Industrial Revolution is that the dictates of function and industrial technology must be decided by form. The theory and practice of the International Style in modern furniture came from the modern aesthetics in the philosophy of Modernity. As a result, as influenced through the Enlightenment project and the relationship of individual to society in relation to cultural and aesthetic modernism, and the three modern movements with furniture, which are Arts and Crafts movement, Art Nouveau, and Art Deco, represented the beginning style of modern furniture design toward functionalism or minimalism.

• 인문언어
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.183-201
• /
• 2002

Since the end of the Cold War, debate about the grand struggle between capitalism and communism has been largely replaced by debate about religious sectarianism. Some have even referred to a "clash of civilizations" in the wake of the spread of Islamic fundamentalism. This is in fact an old debate, but it has been given new life by arguments about globalization and economic development as envisioned by the West, and especially by the terrorist attacks in New York on September 11, 2001. While the political right has had little difficulty treating religious belief as a fundamental human and social interest, much of the political left has remained committed to secular Enlightenment, even when it criticizes the hegemony of the West. The dispute depends upon competing notions of history, secularism, and progress, and ultimately on the possibility or desirability of universal solidarity. While for many a world unified by one religion may no longer make sense, the old Enlightenment dream that a single version of secular and universal reason will eventually prevail over religious difference may also need to be reconsidered. The process that we call secularization is neither as singular, nor as transparent, as we might think.