• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1970

This experiment surveys ecological and morphological phase on Prasiola sp. in the mountain torrent of Chodang-ri, Keunduck-myon, Samchuck-gun, Kangwon-do, Korea from November 1968 through January 1970 and the results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. The temperature of the surface water was 12.4$\pm$2.3$^{\circ}C$, and pH was 7.25$\pm$0.2. 2. The external forms of thallus are very variable, but its basic form likely lanceolated and ovated. 3. The length of thallus is 0.6cm-8.8cm (3.6$\pm$1.72cm), and the width, 0.2cm-5.5cm(1.7$\pm$0.92cm). (The inside of the parentheses the average for 500 individuals). 4. It is observed that thallus at the time of formation of a monospore is a monostratum cell whose thickness is 21$\pm$3.2$\mu$. 5. Thickness of thallus at the transveres section at the time of heteroplanogametes formation is 29.9$\pm$2.2$\mu$, and that of the female gametes cell is 6.3$\pm$1.7$\times$6.3$\pm$0.8$\mu$, and that of the male gametes cell is 2.8$\pm$0.6$\times$28.1$\pm$1.1$\mu$. 6. As for growth, it begins with apical growth, followed by marginal growth. It seems to grow, through cell division when microsopical papillae are produced in growth line cell of marginal rigion thus by fusioning microscopical papillae. 7. The two kinds of thallus, one produced from a monospore and other from a planozygotes, are both haplonts and observed as n-3. 8. It seems that a thallus sprouts in April and increases its number through a asexual reproduction by a monospore and begins a sexual reproduction in November by forming gametes. 9. Female gametes are produced 16 from one thallus cell, whose structure shows 8 cells in the surface view and 4 layers in transverse section. Male gametes are produced 128 from one thallus cell, 16 cells surface, 8 layers in transverse section.

• ALGAE
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.175-190
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• 2004

The morphological and molecular characteristics of Pachydictyon coriaceum (Holmes) Okamura (1899) are described. Plants are collected from Korea all year round and have maximum height from August to September. The monthly variability of thallus growth is in the way with that of the seawater temperature. Two types of thallus structures, thick cortical layer tallus type and thin cortical cell layer type, are distinguished according to growing seasons. The habit of Korean plants is also classified into two thallus types, slender type and wide type, based on the length and the width of internodes, but this distinction between two types is not supported by either anatomical or molecular characteristics. P. coriaceum shares typical morphology in branching pattern and morphogenetic processes with the other species of Dictyota: 1) multi-cellular cortical and medullar layer in the partial of thallus, 2) same development of thallus from apical meristem cell, and 3) sub-lineage within Dictyota species lineage in rbcL, psaA and psbA gene sequences analyses. These characteristics lead to propose the new combination of Dictyota coriacea (Homes) I.K. Hwang, H.S. Kim et W.J. Lee, comb. nov.

• ALGAE
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2005

To make a preliminary identification of the gracilarioid plant attached to cultivation ropes of Undaria pinnatifida and establish a method of cultivating this plant, the first taxonomic and cultivation studies on this species in Korea were conducted. This gracilarioid plant was identified from its morphological and anatomical features, as Gracilaria chorda. Growth tests using the 10, 20, and 30 cm cuttings of axes of G. chorda were performed twice, from May 3 to August 21, 2002 and from December 15, 2002 to April 3, 2003 in Ihoijin aquafarm, Hoijin, Jangheung, Jeollanamdo, Korea. In the first growing test, the thallus length of the 10, 20, and 30 cm cuttings increased twelve-fold, ten-fold, and seven-fold; the wet weight increased 81-fold, 60-fold, and 41-fold; the numbers of more than 10 cm-long branches increased 3.8-fold, 5.2-fold, and 6.1-fold, respectively. In the second growth test, the thallus length of the 10, 20, and 30 cm cuttings increased seven-fold, 5.5-fold, and four-fold; the wet weight increased 81-fold, 53-fold and 36-fold; the number of branches increased 3.8-fold, 7.3-fold, and 6.6-fold, respectively. The cultivation of G. chorda by vegetative regeneration using cuttings of thallus axes was successful for the first time in Korea.

• ALGAE
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2008

Populations of Codium amplivesiculatum were found in association with rhodolith beds. We present population trends of C. amplivesiculatum from surveys conducted in the southwestern Gulf of California based on monthly sampling from June 1999 to August 2000. Surveys were conducted at 2 sites in the San Lorenzo Channel at depths of 8 - 12 m. The parameters measured were percent cover, biomass and structure in relation to size of the thalli. From each thallus the following measurements were taken: length and diameter, proportion of each thallus with reproductive structures and the degree of fragmentation (measured as number of small thalli). Mean biomass and cover varied seasonally with the maximum (1036.6 gm$^{-2}$ and 100% cover) present in June 2000 and the minimum in winter (0 gm$^{-2}$ and 0% cover). The longest fronds (3 m) occurred during July 1999 and August 2000, while the maximum diameters of 1.0 cm were present during October and November 1999. There were no significant linear relationships between length and diameter of the fronds, suggesting independent growth. Reproductive structures were common in June and July 1999 with monoic and dioic thalli present. Most fronds were monoic, and this is the first record of this feature for this species. Fragmentation occurred in September, and may be associated with stress from early gametangial reproduction and the combination of high temperatures and low nutrients. A hypothetical life cycle for the species is presented.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.311-317
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• 2021

Growth differences in Caulerpa okamurae thallus parts and the effects of apex removal on growth were examined. Erect fronds, stolons, and erect fronds with stolons (erect+stolon) were grown for 14 days, whereas erect fronds without and with apex removal (-A and +A fronds, respectively), were grown for 25 days. The relative growth rates (RGR) of C. okamurae thallus parts ranged from 1.91% to 4.93% day^-1 with maximal and minimal RGR for the stolon and erect+stolon treatments, respectively. Over the 25 days in culture, the -A fronds showed a higher RGR (2.48% day^-1) than the +A fronds (1.96% day^-1). More new erect fronds and stolons were produced by -A fronds than those by +A fronds. In addition, basal cutting of erect C. okamurae fronds resulted in a greater plant length increase than that obtained from top cutting. These findings indicate that vegetative growth is common in C. okamurae, which has excellent wound healing ability, and cutting damage to erect fronds may stimulate enhanced vegetative growth. Thus, we suggest that stolons and erect fronds of C. okamurae could be used as seeding materials for large scale cultivation. Furthermore, this edible species could be a potential seaweed resource for rapid skin regeneration cosmetics.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.27.1-27.5
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• 2018

During a survey of marine algal flora, two gigartinalean species were collected from Pohang and Youngdeok located on the eastern coast of Korea. They share the generic morphological features of Dumontia. One is characterized by cylindrical to complanate thallus with multi- and uniaxial structure, somewhat inflated and contorted branches, and hollow medulla and cortex consisting of progressively smaller cells outwards. The other shows basically the same features as the former species but was smaller in size, as having 4-7 cm in thallus length and 1-2 mm in branch width rather than 15 and 2-5 mm. Both species are distinguished from each other only by these morphometric features. However, it is supported by molecular analysis that both species are genetically distinct. In a phylogenetic tree based on internal transcribed spacer sequence, the two species nest in the same clade as Dumontia contorta and D. alaskana, respectively. The genetic distance between both sequences within the clade was calculated as 0.0 0.2%, considered to be intra-specific for Dumontia. Based on the morphological and molecular analyses, the two Korean species are identified as D. contorta and D. alaskana described originally from Netherlands and Alaska, respectively. This is the first record of the two Dumontia species in Korea.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.359-364
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• 2003

동해안에 있어 긴잎돌김은 우점종으로 조간대 상부지역에 서식하며 10월에 발생하여 3월에 소멸하였다. 10월에 영양세포로 육안 및 조직 절단에 의한 검색에서 성숙되지 않았다. 11월 중순경부터 육안으로는 암.수배우체가 구분되지 않았으나 조직 절단한 결과, 조정기와 조과기을 형성하고 있었다. 12월 초순부터 육안으로 암.수배우체가 확연히 구분되기 시작하였고, 2월경부터 성숙과 더불어 정자낭과 과포자낭의 방출로 점차 엽장의 길이가 줄어드는 추세를 보였다. 3월 초순경에는 색상이 퇴색되고 엽체 가변부에 녹아 내리는 현상이 나타나기 시작하여, 정자방출이 완료되었다. 12월 3일에 암컷의 평균 엽장은 113.0$\pm$6.8mm, 평균 엽폭은15.3$\pm$1.3mm로 나타났다. 수배우체의 평균엽장은 83.2$\pm$5.4mm, 평균엽폭은 16.8$\pm$1.9mm로 나타났다. 1월 28일 경에는 암배우체의 평균 엽장은 94.6$\pm$6.4mm로 엽폭은 29.1mm$\pm$5.1로 커졌다. 수배우체의 경우에 평균 엽장이 107.8$\pm$7.3mm, 평균 엽폭은 25.9$\pm$0.9mm로 엽장과 엽폭이 반비례되는 현상이 나타났다.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2021

잇바디돌김 품종의 육성을 위해 목포에서 1종, 진도에서 2종의 잇바디돌김 우량 엽체를 채집하였고, 전남 해남 어란 (노출부류식) 어장과 임하(지주식) 어장의 2곳에서 시험양식을 실시하였다. 김양식 기간중 어란 어장의 수온은 15.6℃, 임하어장은 15.0℃로 두 어장이 모두 비슷하였다. 두 어장 모두 DTN, DTP, TN, TP, COD 값이 10월보다 12월에 더 높게 나타났다. 품종별 각포자 방출 및 부착률은 수품2와 율도가 많았고, 수품1이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 두 어장의 잇바디돌김 채취는 어란 어장에서 2회, 임하 어장에서 3회 실시하였다. 엽장은 두 어장 모두에서 수품2가 가장 많이 성장하였고, 수품1, 율도 순으로 나타났다. 엽폭은 두 어장 모두에서 율도가 가장 많이 성장하였고, 수품1과 수품2 순으로 나타났다. 종합적으로 보면 수품2가 어란과 임하어장 모두에서 각포자 부착밀도와 엽체성장이 가장 높았다. 잇바디돌김에 맞는 어장은 성장기 수온이 높은 지주식 방법을 이용하는 임하어장이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 잇바디돌김 엽체성분 분석결과 어란 어장에서는 조단백질 함량이 가장 높았고, 탄수화물 함량 순으로 나타났지만, 임하 어장에서는 탄수화물 함량이 가장 높았고, 조단백질 함량 순으로 나타났다. 품종별로는 율도와 수품2는 탄수화물 함량이 높았고, 수품1은 조단백질 함량이 높았다. 이는 양식어장의 해양 환경에 따라 김 품종 특성과 엽체 성분이 다르게 나타날 수 있기 때문에 앞으로도 기후변화와 어장환경변화에 대응한 연구가 지속적으로 이루어져야 한다고 생각된다.

• ALGAE
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2007

Three ecotypes of the freshwater red alga Compsopogon coeruleus (Balbis) Montagne were recorded from different freshwater and brackish water habitats of Orissa state in the east coast of India. These three had persistent differences in their branching pattern, e.g. (i) acute angle between main axis and lateral branch, (ii) equal or near to right angle between main axis and lateral branch, and (iii) short spine-like outgrowth instead of a branch in older filaments, besides having differences in the length, breadth and thickness of cortex of the thallus. Morphological observation of these taxa, and the ecological characteristics of the habitat of their occurrence is presented.

• ALGAE
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2007

Morphological and anatomical characters of Amphiroa rigida Lamouroux were investigated with field materials and taxonomic accounts are given to the species. The species grows in the subtidal zone of Cheju island, and is characterized by semiendophytic habit in Hydrolithon onkodes. The species is well defined by about 1 cm height, loosely tufted thallus with irregular branches, two-tiered geniculum with equal length, geniculum tier connecting by oblique end walls, and conceptacles buried in cortices of intergeniculum. Korean isolates have etrasporangial, male and female conceptacles. The structure and developmental patterns of conceptacles are very similar to those shown in previous studies.