• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.818-828
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• 2010

대학수학능력시험(수능)이 1994학년도에 처음 시행된 이후 17년이 지나고 여러 번의 모의평가 출제로 인해 문항의 패턴화, 지식 중심의 출제라는 비판이 제기되고 있다. 이러한 문제에 대한 시사점을 얻기 위해 한국과 마찬가지로 국가 중심 교육과정이며 국가 수준에서 이루어지는 선다형 시험 유형을 가진 일본의 대학입시센터시험(센터시험) 문항을 분석하였다. 이 연구에서는 2009년 1월에 시행한 센터시험의 이과시험에서 화학 문항을 수능과 관련하여 내용 요소 및 행동 영역에 따라 분석하고, 문항 유형과 특이 사항을 분석하였다. 또한 한국 수험생의 관점에서 예상 정답률을 추정하여 수능의 화학 문항 출제에 주는 시사점을 도출하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.1202-1218
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• 2013

본 연구는 교육과정 평가원이 제시한 화학과 교과 내용학 평가 영역 및 평가 내용 요소에 따라 2009학년도부터 2013학년도까지, 중등교사 임용시험에서 출제된 화학과 문항을 분석한 것이다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 5년간 출제된 화학과 교과내용학 1차 시험 140 문항을 수집하여 4개 과목간, 평가영역 및 평가내용요소에 따라 출제된 비율을 분석하였고, 그 결과를 토대로 사범대학 화학교육과 교육과정의 운영이나 평가 영역의 재조정에 대한 시사점을 도출하였다. 연구 결과 화학과 4개 과목 간 출제 비중에 있어서 현저한 차이가 있으며, 과목별 평가영역 간에도 출제비중에 있어서 큰 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 평가내용요소의 분석에 있어서도 122개 중에서 41개가 5년 동안 교사 임용시험에 출제되지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석 결과에 근거하여 화학과 임용시험의 출제 과목 간의 비중이나 평가영역 및 평가 내용요소에 대한 재조정의 필요성을 제언하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.751-759
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• 1998

The study of the validity test on the self-monitoring scale for nurses In this study, both the literary survey as well as empirical research has been executed to test the validity of the scales that measure the construct of the self-monitoring scale. The self-monitoring scale could not be classified into five factors as Snyder suggested. Many other scholars (Briggs, Cheek and Buss, 1980) suggested 3 different classifications which was accepted by Snyder and Gangestad (1986). John, Cheek and Klohnen(1996) claimed a two-factor classification. As has been discussed, factor analysis is used to prove convergent validity within the factor and discriminant validity between the factors. However, depending on the researchers, many variations in classification of the factors were found and a lack of content and discriminant validity were found in the previous research findings. It is also important to note that Snyder's self-monitoring scale did not factor-load at over. 30 for all 25 items, regardless of how many factors could be classified. According to findings of this study, the self-monitoring scale neither classified as five, three or two factors nor factor loaded as hypothesized. It is also clear that Snyder's self-monitoring scale lacks convergent validity as the sub-factors of the scale failed to prove its uni-dimensionality. The A self-monit oring scale not only fail to overcome the problems of Snyder's self-monitori ng scale but even lost the attractiveness of the self-monitoring scale. In this study it was also found that the A self-monitoring scale was not classified in either in a two or three-factor classification as hypothesized. It is, of course, not desirable to use any scale that lacks convergent and discriminant validity even though it has been widely used and has held a great deal of influence on the field of social psychology. To overcome the shortcomings of Snyder's self-monitoring scale, Lennox and Wolfe(1984) suggested 13 items. This study was dedicated to test the validity and reliability of the scale, in which we found that the data presented in validity as the two factors were class ified and loaded as expected. Reliability was also proven by checking Cronbach's α for each factor and for the total items. In addition, a confirmatory factor analysis was executed for the 13 items using LISREL 8.12 program to confirm convergent validity in a two-factor classification. The model was fitting and sound : however, the self-monitoring scale was unfitted and not validated. Thus, it is recommended to use not the original nor the abbreviated self-monitoring scale but the 13 items in future studies. It should also be noted that items 7 and 13 should be removed to obtain better uni-dimensionality for the 13 items. These items loaded at over. 30, too high for the two factors in the test results of Factor analysis. In addition, it is necessary to double-check the cause of two-hold loading at over .30 for the two factors. It could be a problem caused by data or by the scale itself. Therefore, additional studies should follow to better clarify this matter.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2019

This study identifies influential factors in regards to the purchase of celebrity fashion hot items and compares these factors in the age groups of teens and twenties. This study surveyed male and female consumers aged 10-20 years old for empirical analysis in July 2018. The study surveyed 322 consumers selected through online convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows 19.0, descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, ${\chi}^2$ analysis, regression analysis, ANOVA analysis, Duncan test, and t-test. The results were as follows. First, 87.6% of consumer have purchased celebrity fashion hot items more than once. In particular, female consumers in their 20s with a high fashion product expenditure tend to purchase more celebrity fashion hot items. Clothes and shoes were purchased more by 10-year-old males, shoes for males in their 20s, accessories for 10-year-old females female, and bags and accessories for female in their 20s. Second, there were no significant differences for those aged 10-20 years old in purchase satisfaction for celebrity fashion hot items according to age, gender, income, and fashion product expenditure. Consumers' awareness on corporate marketing intention to celebrity fashion hot items was higher among women in their 20s than men in their teens and twenties; in addition, the expenditure on fashion products also increased. Third, factors affecting the purchase of celebrity fashion hot items among teens and twenties were different according to age and gender. A higher need for identification for teenage male resulted in: lower media dependency, higher product involvement, fashion conformity, fashion innovativeness for 20s males, higher product involvement for 10s and 20s females, increased intention to purchase tended. This study provides consumer information and fashion item information that can be utilized in advertisement and promotion strategies for fashion companies that seek to perform celebrity marketing strategies that target consumers aged 10-20 years old.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate of a knowledge scale for lymphedema in patients with breast cancer. Methods: 34 preliminary items were made according to literature review, then verified content validity, construct validity, and reliability of the scale. 28 items among them were confirmed through content analysis by 4 experts. After a preliminary test, a survey for 156 breast cancer patients was performed for confirming construct validity and reliability. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, independent t-test, and KR-20. Results: This scale had 28 items consisting of 2 categories: prevention and self-care of lymphedema. Construct validity was confirmed by known-group technique because there were some categories consisted of just one or two items, and some mismatches between categories and items in factor analysis. Women who were educated about lymphedema scored significantly higher than women who had not (t=-3.92, p<.001). Reliability was appropriate (KR-20=.81). A percentage of correct answers was 74.6%, but it was from 31.8% to 96.1%. Conclusion: The study shows that this scale is reliable and valid to measure the knowledge of lymphedema. This scale can be effective to assess and educate the patients with breast cancer.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.312-320
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the validity and reliability of the Type D Scale-14 (DS14). Methods: The participants were 288 patients who were diagnosed with angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and hypertension. DS14 was developed by Denollet(2005) and consists of two domains, 7 items on negative affectivity (NA) and 7 items on social inhibition (SI). The Korean version of DS14 was developed through translation-reversed translation and a preliminary test. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire. Cronbach $\alpha$ and Guttman split-half were used to test reliability and item analysis and factor analysis for validity. The SPSS program was used. Results: 35.8% of the participants were classified as Type D. Mean score for NA was 16.80 and for SI, 14.10 in Type D participants. For reliability of NA, Cronbach $\alpha$=0.771, and for SI, 0.707. Factor analysis on 12 items(numbers 1 & 3 were excluded as the corrected item-total correlations were below r=0.3) yielded two factors for NA (6 items) and SI (6 items). Number 7 in the NA domain was sorted into the SI domain. Conclusion: The results indicate, the cultural differences were between Europeans and Koreans. Repetition of the research is needed for generalization of DS14.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument of task performance evaluation for clinical nurses, thus testing the validity and the reliability of the scale. Method: Data was collected from 84 Head Nurses and 255 General Nurses. A conceptual framework, composed of 4 factors of meaning in task performance evaluation, was identified through review of the relevant literature. A total of 78 items were developed and were used on a five-point likert scale. Through factor analysis, items whose factor loading was below 0.50 were deleted, thus 35 items remained. To test the validity and reliability of the instrument, the SPSS 11.0 windows program was used. Result: The results of the factor analysis indicated that 4 factors were classified and the cumulative percent of variance was 67.54%. The results of the reliability test indicated that Cronbach's coefficient of the total 35 items was over 0.9176. The results of the factor analysis indicated that factor loadings of all items was over 0.50. Conclusively, the validity and the reliability of the scale were proven. Conclusion: This study was identified as a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.277-285
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• 2020

Recently, studies have been actively conducted on seismic design and improvement of the seismic performance of bridges, buildings, factories, and plants. In particular, heavy items that are being manufactured or waiting to be shipped from factories (such as generators, engines, and boilers) must be equipped with seismic stoppers to prevent them from moving or falling during an earthquake. Seismic stoppers should be suitably determined by the size and weight of these heavy items; however, they have no general design standard. In this study, structural analyses and seismic tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of newly designed seismic stoppers. Structural analysis was performed on three stopper models to estimate the external load at which the yield stress of the material was not exceeded. Based on the analysis results, a seismic test of the stopper was carried out in accordance with the AC156 test method. Finally, product specifications for all three seismic stopper models were determined and their static/dynamic load performance was evaluated.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.105-125
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• 2014

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate reliability and validity of a 27-item Korean Version of the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life in adolescents ($IWQOL-Kids^{(C)}$: Korean Version). Methods: This instrument was administered to 872 adolescents (mean z-BMI: 2.61, mean $age{\pm}SD$: $13.9{\pm}1.2$, male: 51.9%). Reliability was tested by internal consistency method and item analysis, validity test was performed by index of content validity, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and concurrent validity. Sensitivity was tested by ANOVA and t-test. Analyses were performed using SPSS and Amos 18.0. Results: By an exploratory factor analysis, 4 factors were extracted; 'Body esteem' consisted of 9 items with 35.9% of variance (social life: 6 items, 10.23%, physical comfort: 6 items, 8.21%, family relations: 6 items, 7.0%). Four factors explained 61.34% of total variance. Internal consistency coefficients ranged from .766 to .929 for scales on 27 items and equal to .920 for total score for both the 26-item and 27-item tools. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted for the convergent validity and discriminant validity. The standardized factor loadings to test the convergent validity showed more than .5(C.R<1.965) on all paths after deletion of item PC1 (avoid stairs). The average variances extracted were more than .50 and the construct reliabilities were more than .70. The average variances extracted were stronger than the squares of correlation coefficient of inter-latent variables. Conclusions: These results support that the $IWQOL-Kids^{(C)}$: Korean Version with a 26-item is a reliable and valid tool in Korean obese adolescents.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.93-105
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• 1991

본 강의에서는 심리학 및 교육학에서 흔히 활용되는 설문지 또는 시험지 문항들의 신뢰성 분석에 대한 이론을 간단히 소개한다. 아울러 SPSS/PC+의 RELIABILITY 모듈과 SAS의 PROC CORR 등을 이용하여 실제 사례를 분석하고 몇가지 관련된 사항을 토의한다.