• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1411-1418
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• 2012

The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationships between terpenes… intake and their presence in animal tissues (blood and milk) as well as in the final product (cheese). Eight dairy goats were divided in two balanced groups, representing control (C) and treatment (T) group. In T group oral administration of a mixture of terpenes (${\alpha}$-pinene, limonene and ${\beta}$-caryophyllene) was applied over a period of 18 d. Cheese was produced, from C and T groups separately, on three time points, twice during the period of terpenes… oral administration and once after the end of experiment. Terpenes were identified in blood by extraction using petroleum ether and in milk and cheese by the use of solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) method, followed by GC-MS analysis. Chemical properties of the milk and the produced cheeses were analyzed and found not differing between the two groups. Limonene and ${\alpha}$-pinene were found in all blood and milk samples of the T group after a lag-phase of 3 d, while ${\beta}$-caryophyllene was determined only in few milk samples. Moreover, none of the terpenes were traced in blood and milk of C animals. In cheese, terpenes' concentrations presented a more complicated pattern implying that terpenes may not be reliable feed tracers. We concluded that monoterpenes can be regarded as potential feed tracers for authentification of goat milk, but further research is required on factors affecting their transfer.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.97-106
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• 2017

Forest bathing has beneficial effects on human health via showering of forest aerosols as well as physical relaxation. Terpenes that consist of multiple isoprene units are the largest class of organic compounds produced by various plants, and one of the major components of forest aerosols. Traditionally, terpene-containing plant oil has been used to treat various diseases without knowing the exact functions or the mechanisms of action of the individual bioactive compounds. This review categorizes various terpenes easily obtained from forests according to their anti-inflammatory, anti-tumorigenic, or neuroprotective activities. Moreover, potential action mechanisms of the individual terpenes and their effects on such processes, which are described in various in vivo and in vitro systems, are discussed. In conclusion, the studies that show the biological effectiveness of terpenes support the benefits of forest bathing and propose a potential use of terpenes as chemotherapeutic agents for treating various human diseases.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.340-343
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• 2002

A PCB degrader, Ralstonia eutropha H850 was shown to induce bphC gene encoding 2,3-dihydroxy-biphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase in a carvone-amended pure culture in our previous study (Park et al.,1999). The present study was carried out to examine how plant terpenes, as natural substrates, would cause an expression of a PCB degradative gene in soil that was amended with terpenes. The population of Ralstonia eutropha H850 was maintained at least around 10$\^$8/ (CFU/g fresh soil) in the soil amended with carvone or limonene in the presence of succinate as a growth substrate at 50 th day. The gene expression was monitored by RT-PCR using total RNA directly extracted from each soil and bphC gene primers. The bphC gene expression of the seeded strain H850 was observed in the soil amended with biphenyl (4 days) but not with succinate, carvone and limonene. These results indicate that terpenes widely distributed in nature could be a potential inducing substrate for effective PCB biodegration in the soil but their bioavailability and specific induction behavior should be taken into account before PCB bioremediation implementation.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.132-141
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• 2017

The importance of forests continues to increase throughout the world, and one of the reasons is that a forest is a major place to emit terpenes, which have been reported to be beneficial to human health. In South Korea, forests occupy about 64% of the total land area and consist mainly of pine and oak trees. Since only a limited number of forests have been analyzed to date, a comprehensive understanding of terpenes emitted from regional forests remains in its infancy in Korea. Here, to gain insights into terpenes from regional forests located in South Korea, we review the characteristics of Korean forests and recent studies on major terpenes emitted from regional forests as well as from native trees dominant in South Korea. We also discuss meteorological factors that affect the terpene emissions in Korean forests. In conclusion, 18 types of terpenes were detected in Korean forests and their compositions in different forests are largely dependent on the dominant plant species in the forest. Moreover, terpene emissions in Korean forests are affected by various environmental factors, including temperature, amount and duration of daylight, season, and age of trees. To improve the understanding of the characteristics of terpene distribution, more studies are required on the terpene production of Korean forests in various regions.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.463-468
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• 2003

Polychlorinated biphenyl are toxic pollutants and their degradation is quite slow in the environment. Recently, interest if bioremediation using PCB-degrading bacteria has increaset,. In a previous report, plant terpenes (p-cymene, (S)-(-)-limonene, ${\alpha}-pynene$, and ${\alpha}-terpinene$) have been found to be utilized by a PCB degrader and to induce the biphenyl dioxygenase gene in pure culture. In this study, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707, a PCB-degrading Gram-negative soil bacterium, was used to determine whether the terpene stimulation of PCB degrader occurred in the natural environment. First, P. pseudoalcaligenes KF707 was genetically tagged using a transposon with gfp (green fluorescent protein) as a reporter gone. The population dynamics of P. pseudoalcaligenes KF707 harboring gfp gene in a PCB-contaminated environment was examined with or without terpenoids added to the microcosm. About 10-100-fold increase was found in the population of PCB degraders when terpene was added, compared with control (non-terpenes samples and biphenyl added samples). It was proposed that the gfp-monitoring system is very useful and terpenes enhance the survivability of PCB degraders in PCB-contaminated environments.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.249-255
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• 2003

These studies were carried out to investigate fumigant, contact toxicity and repellency effects of 34 terpenes against acaricide susceptible the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. In addition, the efficacy was also tested against two acaricide-resistant strains. Two terpenes, isosafrole and safrole showed fumigant toxicity of 98.4%, at 10${\mu}\ell$/1 (air) concentration. LD$\_$50/ values of these two terpenes were 2.6${\mu}\ell$/1 and 4.3${\mu}\ell$l/1, respectively. Most terpenes showed low or no contact toxicity, except isosafrole showing 60.2% mortality against eggs. Hexanoic acid and limonene showed repellency effects of 79.1%, 87.8%, respectively, to the susceptible strain at concentration of 1,000 ppm in the lab conditions. Hexanoic acid (1,000 ppm) showed repellency effected of 77.8% and 83.3% to fenpropathrin and pyridaben resistant strains, respectively. However, limonene showed no repellency to the two resistant strains.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.149-153
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• 1989

Volatile terpenes responsible for allelopathic activity in four weed species were identified using gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry. Artemisia asiatica Nakai contained 26 volatile terpenes, consisting of 16 monoterpenes and 10 sesquiterpenes, whereas there were only four terpenes in Trifolium repens L. and three terpenes each in Portulaca oleracea L. and Capsella bursa-pastoris (L,) Medik. Suspected allelochemics were ${\alpha}$-phellandrene, 1,8-cineole, limonene, ${\alpha}$-pinene, borneol, selinene, and caryophyllene in A. asiatica, ${\alpha}$-pinene and ${\beta}$-caryophyllene in T. repens, and ${\alpha}$-pinene in C. bursapastoris. No these compounds were found in P. oleracea.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.72-79
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• 1994

To analyze terpene components, the essentail oil were extracted with steam distillation method from normal needle, damaged needle and pinecone of Pinus densiflora. The extracted essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Normal needles involve 43 kinds of terpene components, but damaged needles contained only 29 kinds. The most abundant components of normal and damaged needles were respectable ${\alpha}$-pinene and caryophyllene oxide. ${\alpha}$-pinene content in normal meedles amounted to 15.99 percents and caryophyllene oxide in damaged was 8.15 percents. 2. Pinecone showed 23 kinds of terpene components and among them the most abundant component was ${\beta}$-phellandrene, of which content showed 19.31 percents. 3. In normal needles, excluding ${\alpha}$-pinene, the contents of 8 kinds of other monoterpenes, reached to 48 percents of the total terpenes, 4. In damaged needles, excluding ${\alpha}$-pinene, the contents of 4 kinds of other monoterpenes, reached to 11 percents of the total terpenes. 5. In pinecone, excluding camphene, the contents of 6 kinds of other monoterpenes, reached to 58 percents of the total terpenes.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1995.10b
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• pp.175.1-175
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• 1995

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.139-147
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• 2018

The essential oils are fragrant products whose complex compositions are obtained from various parts of plants by dry or steam distillation. Plants with variable biological activities have been explored worldwide. The presence of a large number of phenols, terpenes and other aromatic compounds make essential oils more precise in their mode of action. Because of this, they are known to possess many biological activities like antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory etc. In this article, we will review the published literature summarizing the chemistry of essential oils and their important biological activities.