• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.639-646
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• 1998

To evaluate the effect of interface conditions and retention grooves in the Class V composite resin restoration of the maxillary first premolar, the distribution of the values of stress and displacement was analyzed with the two-dimensional finite element method. The results were obtained as follows : 1. Boundary elements and Stiffness values could be used as the interface parameters in the, finite element method. 2. The amount of restriction of the displacement at the cervical margin by placing a retention groove at the cervical wall was about three times as high as that by placing a retention groove at the occlusal wall. 3. Because of the relative amount of tensile components of the stress values in the bucco-lingual direction, the possibility of dislocation of the restoration was much higher at the cervical margin than at the occlusal margin. 4. It might be recommended that both occlusal and cervical retention grooves be used routinely, but if one, it be placed at the cervical wall.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.882-891
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to improve dye effect and method in order to facilitate the use of persimmon juice dyeing. Silk fabrics were pad-dyed to 100% pick-up using padding machine after dipping in persimmon juice extracted from unripe persimmons indigenous to Jeju. The color of dyed silk fabrics by padding method was more even and repeatable than that by traditional hand method. Persimmon juice concentrations were 4 types 10, 25, 50 and 100%. The silk fabrics were pad-dyed to 100% pick-up and were repeatedly dyed two times and three times with 100% concentration. The higher the concentration, the more color deepened. UV Irradiation instead of sunlight was applied to color developing. Irradiation times were shortened to 1-8hrs. Color values which reguired 30-50 hrs. in sunlight irradiation. were obtained in 3-5 hrs. with UV irradiation. Tensile strengths of silk fabrics in UV irradiation decreased but not decreased in sunlight irradiation. Elongations of silk fabrics in sunlight irradiation increased but decreased in W irradiation. Drape stiffness increased up to three times.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.157-161
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• 2013

It is well known that the targeted fuel efficiency could only be achieved by more than 40% reduction of the vehicle weight through improved design and extensive utilization of lightweight materials. In order to obtain the goal of the weight reduction of automobiles, the researches about lighter and stronger spring link have been studied without sacrificing the safety of automotive components. In this study, the weight reduction design process of spring link could be proposed based on the variation of von-Mises stress contour by substituting an aluminum alloys (A356) having tensile strength of 245 MPa grade instead of SAPH440 steels. In addition, the effect of the stress and stiffness on shape variations of the spring link were examined and compared carefully. It could be reached that this approach could be well established and be contributed for light-weight design guide and the safe design conditions of the automotive spring link development.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.1021-1026
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• 1997

RuO2 thin film has reasonably good conductivity and stiffness and it is thought to substitute for the cantilever beam made up of Pt and Si3N4 double layers in microactuators. Therefore, anisotopic Si etching was performed using RuO2 thin film as a mask layer in 25 wt. % TMAH water solution. In the etching temperature ranging from 6$0^{\circ}C$ to 75$^{\circ}C$, the etch rates of all the crystallographic directions increased linearly as the etching temperature increased. The etch rate ratio(selectivity) of [111]/[100] which varied from 0.08 to 0.14, was not sensitive to temperature. The activation energies for [110] direction, [100] direction and [111] direction were 0.50, 0.66 and 1.04eV, respectively. RuO2 cantilever beam with a clean surface was formed at the etching temperatures of 6$0^{\circ}C$ and $65^{\circ}C$. But the damages due to formation of pin holes on RuO2 surface were observed beyond 7$0^{\circ}C$. The tensile stress of RuO2 thin films caused the cantilever bending upward. As a result, it was demonstrated that the formation of conducting oxide RuO2 cantilever beam which can replace the role of an electrode and supporting layer could be possible by TMAH solution.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2010

In recent, the capacity of a commercial wind power has reached the range of 6 MW, with large plants being built world-wide on land and offshore. The rotor blades and the nacelle are exposed to external loads. Wind power system concepts are reviewed, and loadings by wind and gravity as important factors for the mechanical performance of the materials are considered. So, the mechanical properties of fiber composite materials are discussed. Plain woven fabrics Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) are advanced materials which combine the characteristics of the light weight, high stiffness, strength and chemical stability. However, Plain woven CFRP composite have a lot of problems, especially delamination, compared with common materials. Therefore, the aim of this work is to estimate the mechanical properties using the tensile specimen and to evaluate strain using the CNF specimen on plain woven CFRP composites. For the strain, we tried to apply to plain woven CFRP using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method and strain gauge. DIC method can evaluate a strain change so it can predict a location of fracture.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 2008

Non-metallic composite overwrap repair methods utilize resin based fiber-reinforced composite materials, which have higher specific strength to weight ratio and stiffness, superior corrosion and fatigue resistance, and substantially reduced weight when compared to carbon steel. Non-metallic repair methods/systems can allow desired functional properties to be achieved at a respectable economic advantage. For example, non-metallic composite repair systems have at least a 50 year design stress of 20 ksi and approximately 25% of the short term tensile strength of fiberglass. For these systems, the contribution of the repaired steel to the load carrying capability need not be considered, as the strength of the repair itself is sufficient to carry the internal pressure. Worldwide experience in the Oil & Gas industry confirms the integrity, durability, inherent permanency, and cost-effectiveness of non-metallic composite repair or rehabilitation systems. A case study of a recent application of a composite repair system in Saudi Aramco resulted in savings of 37% for offshore subsea line and 75% for onshore above grade pipeline job. Maintaining a pipeline can be costly but it is very small in comparison to the cost of a failure. Pipeline proponents must balance maintenance costs with pipeline integrity. The purpose is not just to save money but also to attain a level of safety that is acceptable. This technology involves the use of an epoxy polymer resin based, fiber-reinforced composite sleeve system for rehabilitation and /or repair pipelines.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.359-362
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• 2016

Mineral filler is used for resin compounds, because it increases the stiffness and thermal stability of a resin compound, and it also cuts down the cost. Calcium carbonate, silica, magnesium oxide, and others are used as filler materials in general, and the type of filler material, the size, and content can affect the physical properties of compounds. Those factors also influence the viscosity of resin mixtures and the workability, and should be adjusted by changing the contents of the filler, which depends on the size. In this study, five kinds of ground calcium carbonate, which were different in size, were used to produce polyester compounds ; the physical properties were compared with the filler size and contents. The mechanical properties were measured by bending strength and tensile strength, and the heat deflection temperature was obtained for thermal stability.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2016

Cable structures are lightweight structures of flexible type, cable members have only axial stiffness related to tension, they can carry neither bending nor compression. This study is the analysis of cable truss systems are composed of upper and low cables by connecting bracing cables, the structural principle is based on a tensegrity system by using bracing tension members, discontinuous compression members and continuous tension members. A hanging roof of cable truss system is too flexible against vertical loads, most cable members are stabilized by connecting the prestressed upper and lower cable by bracing cables. A cable truss roof system is formed by adding a set of cables with reverse curvature to the suspension cables. With the sets of cables having opposite curvature to each other, cable truss is able to carry vertical load in both upward and downward direction with equal effectiveness, and then a cable truss acts as load bearing elements by the assemble of ridge cables, valley cables and bracing cables. This paper will be shown the geometric non-linear analysis result of cable truss systems with various sag ratio for deflections and tensile forces, the analytical results are compared with the results of other researchers.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.107-120
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• 1995

섬유혼합 보강토는 흙과 섬유의 마찰력에 의해 유발되는 섬유의 인장력을 이용하여 흙의 역학적 특성을 개선시킨 새로운 형태의 보강토이다. 일반적으로 섬유혼한 보강토의 공학적 특성은 흙의 단위 중량, 입자크기, 입도분포와 섬유의 길이, 인장강도, 혼합률 등에 영향을 받는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내에서 많이 발생하는 건설잔토 종류별로 섬유의 형태, 직경 및 길이, 섬유 혼합률, 시멘트 홉합률, 양생기간 등을 변화시켜가며 섬유혼합 보강토의 다짐특성, 전단특성 및 투수특성 등을 고찰하고, 이를 토대로 섬유혼합 보강토의 공학적 특성에 미치는 섬유 보강 효과를 규명하였다. 또한, 실험에 사용된 흙과 섬유에 대한 최적의 섬유길이와 섬유혼합률의 범위에 대한 평가를 수행하였다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.377-402
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• 2007

The paper presents quasi-static plane strain FE-simulations of strain localization in reinforced concrete beams without stirrups. The material was modeled with two different isotropic continuum crack models: an elasto-plastic and a damage one. In case of elasto-plasticity, linear Drucker-Prager criterion with a non-associated flow rule was defined in the compressive regime and a Rankine criterion with an associated flow rule was adopted in the tensile regime. In the case of a damage model, the degradation of the material due to micro-cracking was described with a single scalar damage parameter. To ensure the mesh-independence and to capture size effects, both criteria were enhanced in a softening regime by nonlocal terms. Thus, a characteristic length of micro-structure was included. The effect of a characteristic length, reinforcement ratio, bond-slip stiffness, fracture energy and beam size on strain localization was investigated. The numerical results with reinforced concrete beams were quantitatively compared with corresponding laboratory tests by Walraven (1978).