• Title/Summary/Keyword: temperature sensors

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Analysis of Heat Treatment Process Conditions for Output Characteristics of Permalloy Core on Current Sensors using DOE (실험계획법을 이용한 퍼멀로이 전류 코어 센서의 출력특성에 관한 열처리 공정조건 분석)

  • Kim, Young Shin;Kim, Yoon Sang;Jeon, Euy Sik
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.16-23
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    • 2020
  • An electric vehicle operates at high currents and requires real-time monitoring of the entire system for ensuring efficiency and safety of the vehicle. Current sensors are applied to drive the motors, inverters, and battery control systems, and are the key components to ensure constant monitoring of the magnitude and waveforms of the operating current. In this study, a heat treatment process condition to influence the performance of Permalloy current sensors was developed; the correlation between the output capacity, low-temperature characteristics, and high-temperature characteristics of the current sensor was studied; and the process was optimized to meet the required output accuracy and temperature characteristics.

Analysis of Output Voltage Properties of Non-dispersive Infrared Gas Sensors According to Ambient Temperatures (주변 온도 영향에 따른 비분산 적외선 가스센서의 출력 특성 해석)

  • Park, Han-Gil;Yi, Seung-Hwan
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.294-299
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    • 2018
  • This article describes the output properties of non-dispersive infrared carbon dioxide($CO_2$) sensors resulting from the changes in ambient temperatures. After the developed sensor module was installed inside the gas chamber, the temperature was set to 267 K, 277 K, 300 K, and 314 K, and the concentrations of $CO_2$ gas were increased from 0 to 5,000 ppm. Then, the output voltage at each concentration was obtained. Through these experimental results, two observations were made. First, both the $CO_2$ sensor and the reference sensor showed an increase in the output voltages as the temperature rose from 0 ppm, Second, the full scale outputs of the $CO_2$ sensor grew as the temperature increased. The output characteristics were analyzed based on two factors: change in the radiant energy of the infrared light source and change in the absorptivity of $CO_2$ gas according to the ambient temperature. Additionally, temperature compensation methods were discussed.

A Study on the medium seepage and the fracture connectivity by using temperature monitoring with thremal line sensors (온도센서 배열 모니터링에 의한 매질의 투수성 및 절리 연결성 연구)

  • Kim, Jung-Yul;Kim, Tae-Hee;Kim, Yoo-Sung
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 2006.03a
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    • pp.1110-1119
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    • 2006
  • If water flows through a narrow passage into a medium that keeps the equilibrium of temperature, it causes small temperature difference and makes a temperature anomaly. The seepage or leakage often observed at old dams is a representative example of bringing about a temperature anomaly. Therefore, temperature measurements have been regarded as one of excellent methods that can detect the situation of seepage or leakage. However, because existing temperature measurement methods are based on a single sensor, the application of the method to the whole structure is nearly not possible in technical and economical phases. This paper introduces a temperature monitoring system using a thermal sensor cable that is comprised of addressable thermal sensors connected in parallel at many positions within a single cable. Through various laboratory and field experiments, it has been proved that the temperature monitoring technique can give an useful information about permeability of a medium or connectivity of fractures which have been regarded as difficult problems.

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The Formation of Pt-Co Alloy Thin Films for RTD Temperature Sensors with Wide Temperature Ranges (광대역 측온저항체 온도센서용 Pt-CO 합금박막의 형성)

  • 김서연;노상수;정귀상
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 1997.11a
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    • pp.335-338
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    • 1997
  • Platinum-Cobalt alloy thin films were deposited on A1$_2$O$_3$substrate by magnetron cosputtering for RTD temperature sensors with wide temperature ranges. We made Pt-Co alloy resistance patterns on the A1$_2$O$_3$substrate by lift-off method and fabricated Pt-Co alley RTD temperature sensors by using Pt-wire, Pt-paste. We investigated the physical and electrical characteristics of theme films under various conditions, input power, working vacuum, annealing temperature and time, and also after annealing these films. The resistivity and sheet resistivity of these films were decreased with increasing the annealing temperature. At input power of Pt : 4.4 W/cm$^2$, Co : 6.91 W/cm$^2$, working vacuum of 10 mTorr and annealing conditions of 800$^{\circ}C$ and 60 min, the resistivity and sheet resistivity of Pt-Co thin films was 15${\mu}$$\Omega$$.$cm and 0.5$\Omega$/ , respectively, and the TCR value of Pt-Co alloy thin films with thickness of 3000${\AA}$ was 3740ppm/$^{\circ}C$ in the temperature range of 25∼600$^{\circ}C$. These results indicate that Pt-Co alloy thin films hove potentiality for the RTD with wide temperature ranges.

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Effects of Temperature and Humidity on NDIR CO2 Gas Sensor (비분산 적외선 이산화탄소 가스센서 특성의 온·습도 영향)

  • Kim, JinHo;Yi, SeungHwan
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.179-185
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    • 2017
  • This article describes the characteristics of nondispersive infrared carbon dioxide gas sensor according to the temperatures and humidifies. In this researches, a thermopile sensor that included application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) was used and the White-cell structure was implemented as an optical waveguide. The developed sensor modules were installed in gas chamber and then the temperature of gas chamber has been increased from 283 K to 313 K with 10K temperature step. In order to analyze the effects of humidity levels, the relative humidity levels were changed from 30 to 80%R.H. with small humidifier. Then, the characteristics of sensor modules were acquired with the increment of carbon dioxide concentrations from 0 to 2,000 ppm. When the initial voltages of sensors were compared before and after humidifying the chamber at constant temperature, the decrements of the output voltages of sensors are like these: 9mV (reference infrared sensor), 41 mV (carbon dioxide sensor), 2 mV (temperature sensor). With the increment of ambient temperature, the averaged output voltage of carbon dioxide sensor was increased 19 mV, however, when the humidity level was increased, it was decreased 14mV. Based upon the experimental results, the humidity effect could be alleviated by the increment of temperature, so the effects of humidity and temperature could be only compensated by the ambient temperature itself. The estimated carbon dioxide concentrations showed 10% large errors below 200 ppm, however, the errors of the estimations of carbon dioxide concentrations were less than ${\pm}5%$ from 400 to 2,000 ppm.

Reliability Test of Pd Nanogap-Based Hydrogen Sensors (Pd 나노갭 수소 센서의 신뢰성 연구)

  • Park, Seyoung;Kim, Wonkyung;Lee, Wooyoung
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.399-406
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    • 2020
  • Pd nanogap hydrogen sensors were developed using an elastomeric substrate and operated through an on-off mechanism. A 10 nm thick Pd thin film was formed on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate, and 50% of the physical strain was applied in the longitudinal direction to fabricated uniform nanogaps. The initial concentration of the hydrogen gas for the PDMS/Pd films was controlled, and subsequently, the on-off switching response was measured. We found that the average nanogap was less than 50 nm, and the Pd nanogap hydrogen sensors operated over a wide range of temperatures. In particular, the sensors work properly even at a very low temperature of -40℃ with a fast response time of 2 s. In addition, we have investigated the relative humidity and annealing effects.

Fabrication and Characteristics of Multi-functional Sensor System (다기능 센서 시스템의 제작 및 동작 특성)

  • Jung, Jae-Eop;Lee, Hyo-Ung;Lee, Sung-Pil
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2003.11a
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    • pp.368-371
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    • 2003
  • The humidity sensors with a stable characteristics and gas sensors operating at room temperature have been fabricated, and a multi-functional sensor system which has gas sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and control circuit has been applied to the microwave oven system. For a suitable cooking state, the humidity sensors was more applicable to heating and defrosting condition than gas sensors, however, the dynamic characteristics of gas sensors were obtained in the easy burning food such as pop corn.

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Temperature Measurement Techniques for RAON Cryomodule

  • Kim, Heetae;Jung, Yoochul;Jo, Yong Woo;Lee, Min Ki;Choi, Jong Wan;Kim, Youngkwon;Kim, Juwan;Paeng, Won-Gi;Kim, Moo Sang;Jung, Hoechun;Kwon, Young Kwan
    • Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.30-34
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    • 2018
  • Conducting and semiconducting temperature sensors are calibrated and applied to cryomodules. The definition of temperature is introduced and the pressure in vacuum is shown as a function of temperature. The resistance of Drude model is shown as a function of carrier density and mean free path. Temperature sensors are calibrated with Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS). The temperature sensors are applied to measure temperature accurately in RAON cryomodules.

Variations of Temperature and Pressure in the Cavity for Operational Conditions of Injection Molding (사출성형의 공정변수에 따른 캐비티 내의 온도와 압력의 변화)

  • Kim S. W.;Park H. C.;Lyu M.-Y.;Jin Y. S.;Kim D.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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    • 2004.10a
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    • pp.70-74
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    • 2004
  • Pressure and temperature in the cavity of injection molding have been investigated. Special injection mold was designed to install pressure and temperature sensors. The sensors were supplied by KISTLER and the pressure and temperature were measured for various operational conditions, such as injection pressure, holding pressure, cooling time, mold temperature, and injection temperature. As injection pressure increased cavity pressure and temperature increase. There were no big differences in temperatures according to the holding pressures. As mold temperature increased pressure and temperature in the cavity increase. The flowability of resin increases as mold temperature increases subsequently the pressure in the cavity increases since the pressure loss is less in the low viscous medium than high ciscous medium. The cavity temperature highly depends upon mold temperature.

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Temperature Characteristics of SDB SOI Hall Sensors (SDB SOI 흘 센서의 온도 특성)

  • 정귀상
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 1995.05a
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    • pp.227-229
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    • 1995
  • Using thermal oxide SiO$_2$ as a dielectrical isolation layer, SOI Hall sensors without pn junction isolation have been fabricated on Si/SiO$_2$/Si structures. The SOI structure was formed by SDB (Si- wafer direct bonding) technology. The Hall voltage and the sensitivity of Si Hall devices implemented on the SDB SOI structure show good linearity with respect to the appled magnetic flux density and supplied current. The product sensitivity of the SDB SOI Hall device is average 600V/V.T. In the trmperature range of 25 to 300$^{\circ}C$, the shifts of TCO(Temperature Coefficient of the Offset Voltage) and TCS(Temperature Coefficient of the Product Sensitivity) are less than ${\pm}$ 6.7x10$\^$-3/ C and ${\pm}$8.2x10$\^$04/$^{\circ}C$, respectively. These results indicate that the SDB SOI structure has potential for the development of Hall sensors with a high-sensitivity and high-temperature operation.

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